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"Christensen, Wendy"
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Empire of ancient Egypt
Presents a clear, detailed picture of the life and history of the ancient Egyptians. Explains why religion played such an important part in Egyptian politics, who stood atop the Egyptian social pyramid, what games Egyptian children played, and why Egypt eventually succumbed to the Roman Empire, as well as its connections to the modern world.
Book
Psychometric Analysis of an Adapted Patient Care Ownership Scale for Medical Students
Purpose: Patient care ownership (PCO) is a commitment to patient care with important implications for both patients and providers, and understanding PCO among trainees is an emerging area of study. Recently, Djulbegovic et al adapted a psychological ownership scale for graduate medical education (GME). Tailoring this scale for undergraduate medical education (UME) would strengthen the ability to measure and promote PCO among students, while directly linking this growth to the transition to GME. Method: Djulbegovic et al.’s PCO scale was adjusted through content expert input and cognitive interviews. This scale was administered to post-clerkship students at the University of Colorado School of Medicine after academic years 2020–21 and 2021–22. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to examine the underlying themes of the adapted scale in the 2020–21 sample. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed in the 2021–22 sample to evaluate factors elucidated in EFA. Messick’s validity framework was used to guide collection of content, response process, and internal structure validity evidence. Results: The final scale included 16, 7-point Likert-style items. EFA modeling in the first sample suggested either a four-factor structure or a two-factor structure that was a simplification of the four-factor structure. CFA modeling in the second sample supported a four-factor model of PCO in medical students, named Advocacy, Decision-making, Opportunity, and Responsibility. Conclusions: This PCO scale demonstrated strong internal structure validity evidence and identified four factors contributing to PCO in medical students. Comparing these to Djulbegovic’s work elucidates differences between UME and GME learners’ experiences of PCO, chiefly in the opportunity of care ownership.
Journal Article
German for dummies
Introduces conversational German, with useful phrases for greeting others, making small talk, and shopping, as well as tips on improving grammar and vocabulary.
Book
Cowboy of the World? Gender Discourse and the Iraq War Debate
In this article we examine the debate preceding the most recent war in Iraq to show how gendered framing can compromise the quality of debate. Drawing on a sample of national news discourse in the year before the war began, we show that both anti-war and pro-war speakers draw on binary images of gender to construct their cases for or against war. Speakers cast the Bush administration’s argument for invasion either as a correct “macho” stance or as inappropriate, out-of-control masculinity. The most prominent gendered image in war debate is that of the cowboy, used to characterize both President Bush and US foreign policy in general. The cowboy is positioned against a diplomatic form of masculinity that is associated with Europe and valued by anti-war speakers, but criticized by pro-war speakers. Articles that draw on gender images show a lower quality of the debate, measured by the extent to which reasons rather than
ad hominem
arguments are used to support or rebut assertions.
Journal Article
German all-in-one for dummies
German All-in-One For Dummies brings together content from German For Dummies, 2nd Edition, German For Dummies Audio Set, German Phrases For Dummies, Intermediate German For Dummies, and German Essentials For Dummies. Plus, it includes a new CD that allows for even more opportunities to practice speaking the language, as well as additional content on grammar and usage to empower you to use and speak German like a native.--Publisher description.
Book
Curious About Curiosity: Preliminary Validity Evidence for a Multidimensional Curiosity Scale in Medical Students
Curiosity is essential to the work of physicians, making it an important trait to promote in medical students. The purpose of this study was to gather initial validity evidence for applying Kashdan’s Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale to medical students and determine if curiosity changes across medical school. Medical students at one institution completed the Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale in 2 academic years (2020–2021 (N = 676) and 2021–2022 (N = 648)). Cognitive interviews were conducted with six students to clarify their interpretation of the items. The scale’s latent structure was explored using factor analysis and domain averages were compared across years of medical school. New items were added based on the cognitive interviews and the revised scale was administered in the next academic year (2022–2023, N = 590). Items loaded according to the expected five-factor model except Social Curiosity. Domain averages were not significantly different across the years of medical school. Compared to the national population, medical students scored significantly lower for Deprivation Sensitivity and significantly higher for all other domains. New items that split Social Curiosity into overt and covert loaded according to Kashdan’s Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale. This study provides preliminary validity evidence for a multidimensional curiosity scale that can be used to determine the impact of curricular changes on medical student curiosity.
Journal Article
Technological Boundaries: Defining the Personal and the Political in Military Mothers' Online Support Forms
In recent wars, the military has mobilized Internet technology to foster support for troops among U.S. military families, encouraging family members to form online support groups and often providing server space and technological assistance to them (Christensen 2009). [...] I discuss the Internet's role in shaping mothers' home front relationship to war, looking at how technology mediates definitions of the public/ political and personal/private in practice.
Journal Article
Nonlinear Multilevel Model Selection Using Information Criteria
Multilevel modeling is a common approach to modeling longitudinal change in behavioral sciences. While many researchers use linear functional forms to model change across time, researchers sometimes anticipate nonlinear change. In such cases, researchers often fit polynomial functional forms, such as quadratic or cubic forms. Polynomial functional forms are suitable in many situations, but there are other functional forms that could potentially better match the researcher’s theory about the nature of the longitudinal change. “Truly” nonlinear models, such as exponential and logistic models, have been used to model biological phenomena and may also be useful for psychological research. Such models, however, are non-nested, meaning that likelihood ratio tests cannot be used to select among models if one or more truly nonlinear models are in the candidate model set. Information criteria offer a flexible framework for model selection that can accommodate truly nonlinear models, but there currently is no research directly exploring the ability of information criteria to select truly nonlinear multilevel models. In this dissertation, two Monte Carlo simulation studies were conducted to examine the performance of two frequently used information criteria: AIC and BIC. The goal of the first study was to examine their ability to select unconditional models with correctly specified nonlinear functional forms. Higher L1 and L2 sample sizes, a higher ICC, and greater distinction between nonlinear functional forms generally improved correct model selection rates, but BIC appeared to be better than AIC when identifying more distinct nonlinear functional forms and AIC appeared to be better when the forms were less distinct. The goal of the second study was to examine the ability of AIC and BIC to select a model with a “more correct” predictor set when the underlying functional form was truly nonlinear. In many cases, information criteria were able to identify models determined to be more correct, but no clear pattern emerged between AIC and BIC. Finally, the utility of truly nonlinear functional forms was demonstrated in two behavioral health applications, both of which contained substantively interesting nonlinear trends that would have been missed if analysis had been limited to the linear functional form.
Dissertation
