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This study aimed to identify and compare major areas of met and unmet needs reported by 455 homeless or recently housed individuals recruited from emergency shelters, temporary housing, and permanent housing in Quebec (Canada). Mixed methods, guided by the Maslow framework, were used. Basic needs were the strongest needs category identified, followed by health and social services (an emergent category), and safety; very few participants expressed needs in the higher-order categories of love and belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. The only significant differences between the three housing groups occurred in basic needs met, which favored permanent housing residents. Safety was the only category where individuals reported more unmet than met needs. The study results suggested that increased overall access to and continuity of care with family physicians, MD or SUD clinicians and community organizations for social integration should be provided to help better these individuals. Case management, stigma prevention, supported employment programs, peer support and day centers should particularly be more widely implemented as interventions that may promote a higher incidence of met needs in specific needs categories.

Les études réunies dans ce volume explorent la question de l'autorité de l'écriture spirituelle féminine au XVIe siècle en France. L'enjeu est de comprendre l'émergence spectaculaire du discours religieux écrit par des femmes en langue française à cette période. En s'appuyant sur les textes littéraires, les discours polémiques et les mémoires, les autrices et auteurs évaluent sur l'espace d'un siècle élargi les contradictions, les difficultés et les soutiens que rencontrent les initiatives féminines chrétiennes. Ils abordent notamment les sources de l'innutrition chrétienne, la question des modèles, la circulation et la réception de ces écrits, les foyers de l'autorité féminine et les marques textuelles de cette autorité, pour ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives sur l'écriture spirituelle féminine au début de l'époque moderne. This book provides new perspectives on the question of the authority of female spiritual writing in sixteenth-century France. This topic is crucial for understanding the emergence of religious discourse written by women in French language during this period. Drawing on literary texts, polemical discourses, and memoirs, the essays by leading scholars explore the contradictions, difficulties, and support on the part of men for Christian women's initiatives over the course of an extended century. In particular, they address the sources of Christian thought about women, the question of models, the circulation and reception of Renaissance feminine writings, and the textual marks of this authority in order to open up new perspectives on feminine spiritual writing in the early modern era.

Residents’ councils in Quebec’s residential and long-term care centres have the mandate to promote the improvement of living conditions for residents, to assess their level of satisfaction, and to defend their rights. Based on two studies on the autonomy of councils, we examined how committees can express themselves on topics other than those the management is already aware of, to reveal various previously unknown aspects of the services, and to voice unexpressed concerns. We are especially interested in what makes management receptive, or not, to what the committee members say. The councils’ ability to express them selves is, in fact, inseparable from its capacity to listen to the management teams, and we seek to determine the conditions required to perform this dual capacity.

Qu’apporte le genre dans le champ des études de la littérature française de la Renaissance, et précisément pour l’étude des Euvres de Louise Labé ? Une évolution des pratiques est à constater depuis les années 1980 sous cette influence : l’illusion autobiographique a régressé au profit d’une analyse des postures genrées qui a permis de mettre au jour un pétrarquisme critique. Ce qui est troublant est que l’interrogation sur le genre et les performances qui lui sont corrélées sont déjà présentes dans les textes de Louise Labé en 1555. Le déni d’existence de l’autrice Louise Labé (2006) a-t-il un rapport avec ceci ? Le genre aurait-il des effets inattendus ? What bring the gender studies in the field of studies of the sixteenth century French literature, specially for the study of Louise Labé’s Euvres ? An evolution of the practices is to be noticed since the 1980s under this influence. The autobiographical illusion declined for the benefit of an analysis of the gendered positions who allowed to bring to light a critical petrarquism. What is amazing is that the interrogation on gender and the performances which are correlated is already present in Louise Labé’s texts in 1555. Has the denial of existence of the author Louise Labé (2006) something to do with this ? Would gender have unexpected effects ?

In South India, where the majority of the country's cases of HIV are concentrated, transmission of infection occurs mainly within networks composed of female sex workers, their clients and the other sexual partners of the latter. This study aims to determine how gender relations affect the risks of HIV transmission in this region. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 30 clients and analysed qualitatively. Results show that clients perceive sexual relations with female sex workers as a vice involving loss of control and contact with women at the bottom of the social ladder. Paradoxically, this sometimes allows them to conform to the masculine ideal, in giving sexual satisfaction to a woman, in a context of incompatibility between the idealised and actual masculine and feminine archetypes. Attitudes to condoms, affected by various facets of the client-female sex worker relationship, are indicators of the link between this relationship and the risks of contracting HIV. The results suggest that there is a need for expanding targeted HIV prevention towards clients and female sex workers alongside more general interventions on gender issues, particularly among young people, focusing on the structural elements moulding current relations between men and women, with particular consideration of local cultural characteristics.

Québec's complaint examination system has devoted considerable effort to supporting dissatisfied users who may wish to register complaints. It is open to question, however, whether this level of effort has, in fact, aided users in filing their complaints, and whether, once filed, the intake and processing of complaints has been rigorous and fair. Has the intake and handling of complaints at least improved? This is the question we shall attempt to answer here by presenting the results of our study concerning the impact of the Complaint Assistance and Support Centers (CAAPs) on the intake of complaints. The results show that the Québec complaint examination system and its Complaint Assistance and Support Centers help make complaints more admissible and ensure that each complaint is examined. However, the system is also hindered by differences and conflicting interpretations among the various stakeholders regarding the legitimacy of complaints, respect for users' rights, and the mission of the system. Although complaint examination systems seek to encourage users to express their points of view, users' voices are still only partly audible.

Services for elders with severe mental illness (SMI) have major deficiencies, among them a lack of adequate psychosocial services. Some analysts have attributed this situation to \"double stigmatization\" targeting both ageing and mental illness in our societies. Using qualitative methods (23 semi-directed interviews, theme-based content analysis), our exploratory research aims to understand better the perceptions of psychosocial practitioners working in community and institutional settings about the elderly with SMI and their living situations. Our informants evoke living situations marked by a lack of support (isolation), of resources (financial precariousness/poverty) and of power (learned passivity), traits that are related not only to mental illness per se, but also to long term psychiatric institutionalization. For them, the current situation of elders with SMI is the end product of biographies in which life-course, illness-course and life in services and/or institutions join and, sometimes, become indistinguishable. Implications for psychosocial practices are discussed. Adapted from the source document.

The aim of this experiment was to study the kinetics of anti-eCG (equine chorionic gonadotrophin) antibodies in relation to eCG dose (8 or 25 IU) and number of injections (n = 11) in comparison with a control group (no injection), and to relate antibody production to sexual receptivity and productivity of rabbit does. In all, 124 lactating primiparous rabbit does were inseminated every 35 days for a year. Just before eCG injection (48 h before insemination), blood samples were collected from all the does to assay anti-eCG antibodies. The anti-eCG antibody binding rate, regardless of the injected dose, shows that none of the does developed detectable anti-eCG antibodies before the 7th injection. The level of detectable anti-eCG antibodies began to show an increase at the 7th injection and was significant only for the 25 IU dose at the 11th injection. At the end of the experiment, 15% and 39% of does treated with 8 and 25 IU, respectively, developed immunity to eCG (binding rate >6%: higher binding rate of the control group). Consequently, the immune response depends on the eCG dose and on the number of injections. Moreover, productivity of does estimated from the number of weaned rabbits produced per insemination is not influenced by the level of eCG antibodies (7.0 and 6.9 for binding rate <6% and binding rate ⩾6%, respectively). Only 19 inseminations (n = 6 and n = 13 for 8 and 25 IU, respectively) were made on hyperimmune does. Consequently, the immune response to eCG seems to be marginal for rabbit does. Moreover, under the described experimental conditions, reproductive performances of hyperimmune does were not affected.