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Reactive dairy cows are more susceptible to stress, and this may result in negative effects on milk yield and quality. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between temperament traits and concentration of milk cortisol and oxytocin, milk yield, milkability, and milk quality in Holstein-Gyr cows. Temperament traits were assessed in 76 Holstein-Gyr cows in the milking parlor (by scoring milking reactivity and recording the numbers of steps and kicks during pre-milking udder preparation and when fitting the milking cluster) and during handling in the corral (by measuring the time to enter in the squeeze chute, ET and flight speed, FS). Milk samples were collected for milk quality (% fat, % protein, % lactose, and somatic cell count, SCC), and milk cortisol and oxytocin. Milk yield, milking time, and average flow were also measured. The calmer cows during milking management (class ‘low’) produced milk with higher protein (p = 0.028) content and tendencies for lower fat (p = 0.056) and higher lactose (p = 0.055) contents. Regarding the hormones, the most reactive cows (class ‘high’) in the milking and handling corral produced milk with higher concentrations of cortisol (p<0.001) and oxytocin (p = 0.023). In addition, the temperament of the animals affected some of the productive measures evaluated. Cows with reactive temperament had lower milk flow and longer milking time than the intermediate ones and had higher fat and a tendency for lower protein percentage in milk compared to cows with intermediate temperaments. Calm and intermediate cows in the handling corral produced more milk and presented better milkability parameters, such as a shorter milking time and greater average milk flow. Our results suggest that the cows’ behavioral reactivity can be related to the intensity of their response to stress during handling.

Although the Giemsa-stained thick blood smear (GTS) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of malaria, molecular methods are more sensitive and specific to detect parasites and can be used at reference centers to evaluate the performance of microscopy. The description of the Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale ssrRNA gene sequences allowed the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that had been used to differentiate the four species. The objective of this study was to determine Plasmodium species through PCR in 190 positive smears from patients in order to verify the quality of diagnosis at SUCEN's Malaria Laboratory. Considering only the 131 positive results in both techniques, GTS detected 4.6% of mixed and 3.1% of P. malariae infections whereas PCR identified 19.1% and 13.8%, respectively. Embora a gota espessa corada por Giemsa (GTS) permaneça o padrão ouro para o diagnóstico de malária, métodos moleculares são mais sensíveis e específicos para detectar parasitas e podem ser utilizados em centros de referência para avaliar o desempenho da microscopia. A descrição das seqüências dos genes ssrRNA de Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae e P. ovale permitiu o desenvolvimento de uma reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) que tem sido utilizada para diferenciar as quatro espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as espécies de Plasmodium através de PCR em 190 lâminas positivas de pacientes para verificar a qualidade do diagnóstico realizado no Laboratório de Malária da SUCEN. Considerando somente os 131 resultados positivos em ambas as técnicas, GTS detectou 4,6% de infecções mistas e 3,1% de P. malariae enquanto o PCR identificou 19,1% e 13,8%, respectivamente.

Resumo O Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), além de outras atribuições inerentes ao campo da propriedade intelectual, é o órgão encarregado de confeccionar o registro de marcas no território brasileiro. Em seu sistema de gestão, a diretoria de marcas do instituto utiliza-se do SINPI, um banco de dados no qual se encontram registradas as tramitações processuais relativas ao exame dos pedidos de registro de marca. Neste estudo, de caráter exploratório, testamos a possibilidade de usar os dados armazenados no SINPI para se pensar aspectos do desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. Palavras-chave INPI, marcas, ativos intangíveis, desenvolvimento econômico Abstract The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), is the agency in charge of preparing the trademark registration in Brazil. In its system of management it employs the SINPI, a database in which are recorded the bureaucratic procedures concerning the assessment of aplications for trademark registration. In this study, we tested the possibility of using data stored in the SINPI to think about aspects of Brazilian economic development. Keywords INPI, trademarks, intangible assets, economic development

This dissertation aimed at developing didactical activities potentially meaningful, involving math contents used in the management of milk production and sale, produced by the students' families from basic education, who were involved in the research. That goal was accomplished by studying historic clippings of countryside education in Brazil, of the meaningful learning theory from David Ausubel, of concepts connected to phenomenology based on Joel Martins and Maria Aparecida Viggiani Bicudo and by using the speculative teacher methodology. Some activities related to the management of families' countryside properties who live in the rural region of Serra dos Índios, in the city of Presidente Getúlio - SC, were elaborated for making the education product. Those activities were applied and analysed in order to confirm their connection with the reality lived by the students from the region, the adequacy for elementary education and to identify possible misconception during their resolutions.

O Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), além de outras atribuições inerentes ao campo da propriedade intelectual, é o órgão encarregado de confeccionar o registro de marcas no território brasileiro. Em seu sistema de gestão, a diretoria de marcas do instituto utiliza-se do SINPI, um banco de dados no qual se encontram registradas as tramitações processuais relativas ao exame dos pedidos de registro de marca. Neste estudo, de caráter exploratório, testamos a possibilidade de usar os dados armazenados no SINPI para se pensar aspectos do desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. [ The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), is the agency in charge of preparing the trademark registration in Brazil. In its system of management it employs the SINPI, a database in which are recorded the bureaucratic procedures concerning the assessment of aplications for trademark registration. In this study, we tested the possibility of using data stored in the SINPI to think about aspects of Brazilian economic development.

O Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), além de outras atribuições inerentes ao campo da propriedade intelectual, é o órgão encarregado de confeccionar o registro de marcas no território brasileiro. Em seu sistema de gestão, a diretoria de marcas do instituto utiliza-se do SINPI, um banco de dados no qual se encontram registradas as tramitações processuais relativas ao exame dos pedidos de registro de marca. Neste estudo, de caráter exploratório, testamos a possibilidade de usar os dados armazenados no SINPI para se pensar aspectos do desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), is the agency in charge of preparing the trademark registration in Brazil. In its system of management it employs the SINPI, a database in which are recorded the bureaucratic procedures concerning the assessment of aplications for trademark registration. In this study, we tested the possibility of using data stored in the SINPI to think about aspects of Brazilian economic development.

O PRF foi desenvolvido por Choukroun para utilização em cirurgia oral e maxilofacial e, no âmbito da Medicina Dentária, tem vários campos de aplicação, como aumento de tecido ósseo para implantologia, levantamento do seio maxilar, enxerto de alvéolos, cirurgias periodontais estéticas, entre outros.Este concentrado plaquetário apresenta um processo de preparação simples: pressupõe a utilização de uma amostra de sangue do próprio paciente que é submetida a um procedimento específico de centrifugação do qual resulta uma membrana de fibrina, rica em leucócitos e fatores de crescimento, estimulando o crescimento ósseo e de tecidos moles. Apresenta, ainda, capacidade de proliferação e migração celular, bem como de angiogénese.Esta técnica produz o produto bioativo mais natural atualmente disponível.Ao tratar-se de um procedimento económico e com benefícios comprovados, o seu uso sistemático, em cirurgia oral e maxilofacial, deve ser considerado como uma opção clínica de relevante interesse.

The monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) are a subset of dendritic cells widely used in immunological studies as a convenient and easy approach after isolation of mononuclear cells directly from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Both the purification and cell culture of monocytes impact on the differentiation of monocytes into moDCs. The methodology to isolate and differentiate monocytes into moDCs is still controversial. We aimed to compare three different protocols for monocyte isolation from PBMC: 1) Cold-aggregation; 2) Percoll gradient; and 3) Magnetic beads cell-enrichment. Additionally we also compared four different monocyte differentiation and culture techniques: 1) Cell culture media; 2) Serum sources; 3) required GM-CSF and IL-4 concentrations; 4) Cell culture systems. We used flow cytometry analysis of light scattering and/or expression of pan surface markers, such as CD3, CD14 and CD209 to determine isolation/differentiation degree. Purified PBMC followed by two steps of cold aggregation, yielded cell viability around 95% with poor monocyte enrichment (monocytes increase vs. lymphocytes reduction was not statistically significant, p>0.05). Conversely, monocyte isolation from PBMC with discontinuous Percoll gradient generated around 50% cell viability. Albeit, we observed a significant reduction (p≤0.05) of lymphocytes contaminants. The magnetic beads cell-enrichment yield cell viability higher than 95%, as high as a significant lymphocyte depletion (p≤0.005) when compared to all other techniques employed. The moDCs showed better differentiation based on increased CD209 expression, but lower CD14 levels, when cells were cultured in RPMI medium plus 500IU/mL of both GM-CSF and IL-4 in a semi-adherent fashion. Serum sources showed no influence on the culture performance. In conclusion, the magnetic beads cell-enrichment showed superior cell viability, indicating that this approach is a better choice to isolate monocytes, and moDCs cultured afterwards in appropriate medium, serum, cytokines and culture system might influence the monocytes differentiation into moDC.

In trypanosomatids, the kinetoplast is the portion of the single mitochondrion that is connected to the basal body and contains the kDNA, a network composed by circular and interlocked DNA. The kDNA packing is conducted by Kinetoplast Associated Proteins (KAPs), which are similar to eukaryotic histone H1. In symbiont-harboring trypanosomatids (SHTs) such as Angomonas deanei and Strigomonas culicis, a ß-proteobacterium co-evolves with the host in a mutualistic relationship. The prokaryote confers nutritional benefits to the host and affects its cell structure. Atomic force microscopy showed that the topology of isolated kDNA networks is quite similar in the two SHT species. Ultrastructural analysis using high-resolution microscopy techniques revealed that the DNA fibrils are more compact in the kinetoplast region that faces the basal body and that the presence of the symbiotic bacterium does not interfere with kDNA topology. However, RT-PCR data revealed differences in the expression of KAPs in wild-type protozoa as compared to aposymbiotic cells. Immunolocalization showed that different KAPs present distinct distributions that are coincident in symbiont-bearing and in symbiont-free cells. Although KAP4 and KAP7 are shared by all trypanosomatid species, the expanded repertoire of KAPs in SHTs can be used as phylogenetic markers to distinguish different genera.