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The interactions between displacement cascades and three types of structures, dislocations, dislocation loops and grain boundaries, in BCC-Fe are investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. Wigner–Seitz analysis is used to calculate the number of point defects induced in order to illustrate the effects of three special structures on the displacement cascade. The displacement cascades in systems interacting with all three types of structure tend to generate more total defects compared to bulk Fe. The surviving number of point defects in the grain boundary case is the largest of the three types of structures. The changes in the atomic structures of dislocations, dislocation loops and grain boundaries after displacement cascades are analyzed to understand how irradiation damage affects them. These results could reveal irradiation damage at the microscale. Varied defect production numbers and efficiencies are investigated, which could be used as the input parameters for higher scale simulation.

The effect of displacement cascade on the mechanical properties of symmetrical grain boundaries in BCC tungsten has been studied by molecular dynamics method. At first, results show that the point defects induced by displacement cascade are absorbed by the grain boundary, in which the number of absorbed interstitials is more than that of vacancies. Then, displacement cascade can decrease both the ultimate strength in tensile simulation and the critical stress in shear simulation. The change of microstructure and mechanism during deformation has been investigated. During tensile deformation, vacancy clusters promote the formation of micro-cracks and interstitial clusters accelerate the nucleation of 1/2 < 111 > dislocation loops. In terms of shear loading, the migration of grain boundary could be significantly enhanced by displacement cascade.

Nickel-based alloys are the primary structural materials in steam generators of high-temperature gas reactors. To understand the irradiation effect of nickel-based alloys, it is necessary to examine dislocation movement and its interaction with irradiation defects at the microscale. Hardening due to voids and Ni 3 Al precipitates may significantly impact irradiation damage in nickel-based alloys. This paper employs the molecular dynamics method to analyze the interaction between edge dislocations and irradiation defects (void and Ni 3 Al precipitates) in face-centered cubic nickel. The effects of temperature and defect size on the interaction are also explored. The results show that the interaction process of the edge dislocation and irradiation defects can be divided into four stages: dislocation free slip, dislocation attracted, dislocation pinned, and dislocation unpinned. Interaction modes include the formation of stair-rod dislocations and the climbing of extended dislocation bundles for voids, as well as the generation of stair-rod dislocation and dislocation shear for precipitates. Besides, the interactions of edge dislocations with voids and Ni 3 Al precipitates are strongly influenced by temperature and defect size.

In response to the issue of poor performance in traditional Beidou pseudorange positioning, this paper proposes a Beidou pseudorange precise positioning method that combines weighted least squares and adaptive Kalman filtering based on moving window covariance estimation. This method utilizes the fast convergence speed of the weighted least squares and the high accuracy of Kalman filtering. On this basis, the Kalman filter is modified with a moving window to ensure the accuracy and global convergence of the positioning process. Through experimental simulation and comparison, the effectiveness of this algorithm is demonstrated, showing its ability to improve positioning accuracy and meet certain positioning requirements.

A comparison of microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Mg–9Gd–3Y–xZn–0.5Zr (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) (wt%) alloys under different thermal treatment conditions was investigated in this study. The results showed that the as-cast alloys were comprised of Mg matrix, eutectic compounds and cuboid-shaped phases. The eutectics were Mg24(Gd, Y)5 in the alloys of Zn content ≤0.2 wt%, while (Mg, Zn)3RE in the other three alloys. Fine lamellar long period stacking ordered structure formed inside of matrix of the as-cast Zn-containing alloys and its quantity increases with raising Zn content. Mg12(Gd, Y)Zn was observed at grain boundary of Mg matrix after solution treatment in the alloys of Zn content ≥0.5 wt%. Peak-aged Mg–9Gd–3Y–0.5Zn–0.5Zr alloy exhibited a desirable combination of strength and elongation with 244 MPa in yield strength, 371 MPa in ultimate tensile strength and 3.8% in EL. Meanwhile, the fracture behavior of the studied alloys was also investigated.

In Lu Xun and World Literature, Xiaolu Ma, Carlos Rojas, and other contributors examine various aspects of Lu Xun, who is known as the father of modern Chinese literature. Essays in this book focus on Lu Xun’s works in relation to the notions of world literature and processes of literary worlding. The contributors offer detailed analyses of Lu Xun’s own literary oeuvre and of foreign works that engage with his writings. This volume also focuses on many facets of the publication and dissemination of Lu Xun’s works’, from printing and binding to the discussions and debates that followed their release in China and abroad. This book not only makes an important contribution to the field of Lu Xun studies, but also proposes a reexamination of the category of world literature.

Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd–xZn–0.5Zr (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0) (wt%) alloys were produced by metallic and sand mold casting to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys. The as-cast Zn-free alloys consist of α-Mg and eutectics, whereas the Zn-containing alloys contain additional long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures. With a higher solidification, the cooling rate brought by metallic mold casting, grains, and eutectics are refined, which enhances the elongation of the alloys, accompanied by a decrease of area fraction of the LPSO structure. Some residual eutectics in the Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd–1.0Zn–0.5Zr alloys act as obstacles to grain boundary migration during solution treatment, which make the average grain size 15–20 μm smaller than that of the other alloys and hence improve the elongation of the alloys. The Zn addition brings notable enhancements to mechanical properties of the alloys due to solid solution strengthening of Zn. Especially, the peak-aged Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd–0.5Zn–0.5Zr alloys perform with the highest overall tensile properties.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–0.43Nd–xY–0.08Zn–0.11Zr (x = 0, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.12 at.%) alloys were investigated. The results indicated that Mg24Y5 phase was formed in the as-cast Y-containing alloys, the grains were refined and the amount of needle-like Mg12Nd phase in the α-Mg grain interior was increased with increasing Y addition. After solution treatment, the Mg24Y5 phase and needle-like Mg12Nd phase nearly completely dissolved into the α-Mg matrix and long-rod-like Zn2Zr3 phase occurred. The amount of Zn2Zr3 phase was increased with increasing Y content after age treatment. Mg–0.43Nd–0.12Y–0.08Zn–0.11Zr alloy exhibited the best combination of strength and elongation in all conditions, especially in the temperature range of 200–300 °C, and an Arrhenius model was established to study the plastic flow behavior. The improvement in mechanical properties was attributed to the grain refining, solution strengthening and enhanced precipitation hardening of Zn2Zr3 phase and β-type phase.

Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd– x Zn–0.5Zr ( x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0) (wt%) alloys were produced by metallic and sand mold casting to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys. The as-cast Zn-free alloys consist of α-Mg and eutectics, whereas the Zn-containing alloys contain additional long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures. With a higher solidification, the cooling rate brought by metallic mold casting, grains, and eutectics are refined, which enhances the elongation of the alloys, accompanied by a decrease of area fraction of the LPSO structure. Some residual eutectics in the Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd–1.0Zn–0.5Zr alloys act as obstacles to grain boundary migration during solution treatment, which make the average grain size 15–20 μm smaller than that of the other alloys and hence improve the elongation of the alloys. The Zn addition brings notable enhancements to mechanical properties of the alloys due to solid solution strengthening of Zn. Especially, the peak-aged Mg–3.0Y–2.5Nd–1.0Gd–0.5Zn–0.5Zr alloys perform with the highest overall tensile properties.

The concept of world literature has been a subject of debate since its inception.² Consequently, the resurgence of studies on world literature in the last two decades has exhibited a variety of perspectives. Scholars have viewed world literature as a system of genre dissemination, as a republic in which authors from various countries compete for recognition, or as a mode of reading literary classics in their original languages or translations. In the historical context, however, readers were more likely to engage with world literature through its material circulation than through theoretical debates, as demonstrated by Venkat Mani’s timely research on