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Background The relationships among gastric lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (GLFH), Helicobacter‐like organisms (HLOs), and clinical signs have not been established in dogs. Objectives To evaluate the epidemiologic, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic findings associated with GLFH in dogs, and determine the association of GLFH with HLOs and the French Bulldog (FB) breed. Animals Two hundred eighty‐eight dogs that underwent gastroscopy between 2013 and 2016. Methods Retrospective, cross‐sectional study. Gastric biopsy samples were reviewed and scored for inflammation and HLOs. Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (63 FBs), group 2 (45 non‐FB brachycephalic dogs), and group 3 (180 nonbrachycephalic dogs). Variables were evaluated for their association with GLFH. Results Univariate analysis determined that intact males, young age, vomiting, gastroscopic findings (discoloration, hemorrhage, and ulcers), and histopathologic findings (gastric lamina propria lymphocytic infiltration and HLO score) were associated with GLFH (P ≤ .03). In the multivariate analysis, GLFH was associated with the HLO score (odds ratio [OR] > 5 for HLO scores 1‐2 and >15 for HLO score of 3; P < .001), with vomiting (OR > 4; P = .01) but not with FB breed (P = .76) and age (P = .1). The HLO score was associated with younger age (P < .001). Conclusion and Clinical Importance The HLO score was associated with a high GLFH score. Vomiting was associated with GLFH. Helicobacter‐like organisms are highly prevalent in young dogs and GLFH is indirectly associated with this factor. Clinical relevance of the identification of GLFH and HLO remains to be determined.

Gastric follicular hyperplasia (GLFH) is a sign of chronic gastritis. In recent studies, a predisposition of the French bulldog breed to this type of inflammation has been found. The existence of a relation between this type of inflammation and the fact that the French bulldog breed is a brachycephalic race was suspected, as gastric symptoms may be related to airflow obstruction, the main cause of the brachycephalic syndrome.The present retrospective study aimed to determine whether the presence of Gastric Lymphofollicular Hyperplasia is more relevant in brachycephalic dogs (specifically French bulldogs) than in other breeds, and whether it can be related to age. Moreover, to observe the presence and location of Helicobacterspp., and find insight on a probable correlation between its presence and a posterior inflammatory response were two aspects also analysed. The conclusions were based on a sample of dogs that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at CHV Frégis, Arcueil, France, between 1st of January 2014 and 15th of July 2016.Four study groups were considered: French bulldogs, non French bulldogs, brachycephalic dogs and non brachycephalic dogs. For each of them, the prevalence of GLFH and of Helicobacterspp. in the body and antral mucosas of the stomach and in the stomach in general were studied, and then compared.The results showed that GLFH frequency is not different in-between groups. The same was observed for the frequency of Helicobacter spp., except in the French bulldogs and non French bulldogs groups, where the frequency of Helicobacter spp. in the body and antral mucosas of the stomach was higher in the first group. Regarding age, there was no association with GLFH in any of the studied groups, except in French bulldogs in which we concluded that these dogs develop the disease at a younger age. A breed predisposition of French bulldogs to GLFH was not found but a possible susceptibility of the breed to Helicobacterspp. is suspected.