Explore the vast range of titles available.

Background: Neurotrophins (NTs) are pivotal growth factors in cellular development and survival. Their precise implications in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) remain unclear. Methods: Pediatric ALL samples (2011–2021) were analyzed from a Southern Brazil cohort. Neurotrophin levels were quantified via ELISA, with survival analysis using Kaplan–Meier curves. Gene expression data were sourced from public genomic repositories and analyzed with R software version 4.0.5. Results: At diagnosis, pro-BDNF, BDNF, and NGF levels were significantly lower than in healthy controls. Reduced pro-BDNF correlated with unfavorable outcomes. NGF and sortilin were highly expressed in healthy samples, while BDNF and p75NTR were predominant in T-ALL and B-ALL, respectively. Conclusions: Neurotrophins show significant alterations in the tumor microenvironment of pediatric ALL. Further studies are needed to elucidate their precise role and prognostic potential.