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The current study sought to determine whether Tribulus terrestris fruit extracts could protect rats from hepato-renal damage brought on by ivermectin. To assess the effectiveness of Tribulus terrestris extracts against liver and renal toxicity as well as related histopathological alterations, vitamin \"C\" was employed as a comparison standard medication. Thirty rats were divided into two main groups; the first main group (6 rats) received a basal diet and used as the negative group. The second main group of 24 rats received ivermectin (IVM) (200 mg / kg of body weight) for 30 days in order to develop hepatic renal toxicity. Four separate groups were created from the second main group: Group 2 received a basal diet and used as the positive control group. Groups 3 and 4 consumed a basal diet in addition to oral Tribulus terrestris (TT) ethanolic and aqueous extracts (200 mg per kg of body weight), respectively. Group (5) consumed a basal diet along with oral vitamin \"C\" (200 mg per kilogram of body weight) for 28 days. Phenolic compounds in TT extract were identified using a high-performance gas chromatograph. The outcomes proved that groups of rats administered for 28 days with Tribulus terrestris extracts as well as vitamin \"C\" at a dose of 200 mg/Kg body weight have shown improvement in feed efficiency ratio body weight gain, feed intake, function of the kidneys and liver variables serum and urinary electrolytes (sodium and potassium), some immunological profiles (interleukin 6 and interleukin 10) and antioxidant enzymes activity. The group given Tribulus terrestris ethanolic extract (200mg/Kg body weight) had the best outcomes. The biochemical evaluation was corroborated by a histopathological investigation. According to the results of this investigation, Tribulus terrestris extracts could be utilized as a successful treatment to lessen the ivermectin induced liver and kidney damage in rats because they contain many phenolic antioxidant compounds.

This study aimed to identify the effect of aqueous extract of pennyroyal, calendula, and mixture of them on immunodeficiency in rats induced by cyclosporine (CsA). Thirty male albino rats weighing 150 ± 10g were used. For a week, each rat was fed a basel diet as a period of adaptation. Then, the rats were randomly selected and separated into two main groups, animals of the first main group (n=6 rats) were kept as a control negative group. The second main group (n=24) administered orally with a daily single dose 20mg/Kg/day from CsA for 21 days and then, separated into four subgroups. The first sub group retained as a control positive group. The other three subgroups with immunodeficiency rats were treated with (50 mg aqueous extract /kg BW) pennyroyal, calendula and mixture of them (in the rate of 1:1), respectively. After 28 days, biological, biochemical and histological parameters assessment. The final results demonstrated that there was a significant enhance in FI, BWG, FER, LRW, SRW, IgA, IgG, IgM, HB, WBC.s, RBC.s, lymphocytes, neutrophils, PLT, SOD, CAT, IFN- γ، IL-6, TNF-α, and there was a significant minimize in MDA. The biochemical results were supported by histopathological examination. The group fed a mixture of calendula and pennyroyal (50 mg aqueous extract /kg BW) showed the best effects. It could be concluded that administration with pennyroyal and calendula aqueous extract improves biological parameters, immune system functions, oxidative stress, improve hematological parameters, improve cytokines level and improve the appearance of spleen tissue.

Apricot kernels are rich in protein and fat, and many anti-cancer compounds. The current study was designed to examine the potential impact of apricot kernel powder (AKP) on rats with cancerous livers induced by potassium bromate. Thirty adult male albino rats, with an average weight of 150±10 g, were divided randomly into two main groups. Group 1 was given a standard diet and served as the negative control group (normal rats). Group 2 was administered a single intraperitoneal dose of potassium bromate at 125 mg/kg body weight to induce oxidative stress and follicular cells, then divided into 4 subgroups. Group 2 remained as the positive control group and received only the standard diet, while groups 3, 4, and 5 were given AKP at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, respectively. Throughout the 28-day experimental period, each rat's weight was monitored individually, and at the end of the study period, the rats were euthanized, and blood samples were collected. Biological and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and the potential cytotoxic activity against liver carcinoma cell line was measured. The outcomes demonstrated inhibition and repression at consume of AKP at some tumor parameter, as Interferons alpha (IFN-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Protein carbonyl oxidation (PCO), Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and improving at oxidative parameters and liver function and lipid profiles. The best results were for groups fed with 30% of AKP.

The effects of fruit and seeds of molina (Lagenaria siceraria) on some biological, biochemical and histological factors of obese rats were studied. Thirty adult male rats were distributed into five groups, the five groups were fed on high fat diet for induction of obesity. One of these groups was kept as positive control, while the left four groups were given daily fruit and seeds of molina (Lagenaria siceraria) at 2.5% and 5%, for 28 days. Results showed that body weight gain was markedly low especially in the fruit powder followed by its seeds groups at the level 5% compared to high fat diet control group. Administration of fruits and seeds at 5% followed by 2.5% lowered concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c and decreased activity of AST and ALT enzymes. On the other side, of HDL-c and T3 hormone concentrations were significant increased Histopathological examination showed amelioration of histopathological lesions seen in liver of obese rats when received the fruits and seeds of molina. So, from this study concluded that intake of fruit and seeds powder of molina especially at 5% can be useful for treating obesity.