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Avocados is one of function food. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Avocado fruit on Serum lipid profile, liver function as well as histopathological changes of liver. Thirty male albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into five main groups (n=6 rats of each), group (1) was fed on basal diet and used as a control negative. Group (2) fed on the hypercholesterolemic diet and used as a control positive. Groups (3), (4) and (5) fed on the hypercholesterolemic diet formulated with 2.5, 5 and 10% dried avocado, respectively. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis, while livers were removed for histopathological examination. Results revealed that positive group had significant decreases in body weight gain (BWG) , fed efficiency ratio (FER) and serum HDL-c and significant increased in serum levels of total lipid (TL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG), LDL-C,VLDL-c, AST and ALT compared to negative group. Hypercholesterolemic groups fed on different levels of avocado fruit had significant increased in food intake (except those treated with 2.5%), BWG, FER, and serum HDL- c while had significant decreased in serum levels of TL, TC, TG, LDL- c, VLDL- c, AST and ALT compared to positive group. The present study concluded that Avocado fruit had beneficial effects of lipid profile and lipoprotein levels as well as it improved liver and kidney functions in hypercholesterolemic rats

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of broccoli on the nutritional status of diabetic rats. Background: Broccoli is a plant in the cabbage family, whose large flower head is used as a vegetable. Broccoli is a source of bioactive compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids and glucosinolates, which possess antioxidant and anticancer effects these compounds are used in the treatment of human diseases. They can quench free radicals, act as antiproliferative agents, promote detoxifying enzymes, induce differentiation of cancer cells, stimulate the immune system and inhibit tumor blood vessel formation. Also, the bioactive compound in broccoli sprouts was used for treatment diabetes.Therefore, the present study designed to assess the effect of broccoli on the nutritional status of diabetic rats. Objectives: the aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of broccoli on the nutritional status of diabetic rats through assessment of level of serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and some liver and kidney functions. Materials and Methods: Broccoli was washed and sliced into small pieces and oven-dried at 50°C. Dried plants were crushed and bolted to get smooth powder. Diabetic rats groups were induced by injection of sterptozotocin (STZ) and they were fed on basal diet containing 2.5 and 5% Broccoli and the remaining groups were positive and negative control. After that the effect of the diet on the nutritional status, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C and VLDL-C), liver (ALT and AST) and kidney (creatinine, urea and uric acid) functions in the serum of rats were assessed. Also, histopathological changes were evaluated Results: It was found that broccoli has no significant differences toward body weight and food efficiency ratio of the all groups when compared with positive Control. Broccoli reduced the serum glucose level in the all groups. The group of 5% broccoli showed the best response.Also, this group showed the most improvement in serum total cholesterol level. All groups have a reduction in serum triglycerides levels in this experiment. The group of 5% broccoli showed the best response. The mean values of serum LDL-C level decreased in the all groups, and all groups have a reduction in serum (VLDL-C) levels in this experiment, and it was observed that the group of 5% broccoli showed the best response. Broccoli increased (HDL-C) level in blood serum of rats in all groups, and high levels showed best responses. In kidney functions, broccoli had no effect on uric acid level and enhanced urea and creatinine levels. Also, they decreased the liver enzymes (AST and ALT). Conclusion: The present study concluded that broccoli have no effect on nutritional status but could enhance glucose levels, lipid profile, kidney and liver functions in blood serum of rats in the all groups. The most of best results showed in the high levels broccoli (5%). Keywords: Broccoli, diabetes, lipid profiles, Blood glucose level, Insulin level, kidney and liver functions.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of red cabbage on the nutritional status of diabetic rats. Background: The red cabbage (Brassica oieracea var. capitata f. rubra) is a sort of cabbage, also known as red kraut or blue kraut after preparation. Its leaves are coloured dark red/purple.- Red cabbage is of high nutritional value as it is rich in minerals, vitamins, oligosaccharides, and a number of bioactive substances, such as anthocyanin's, flavonols, and glucosinolates having a positive impact on human health. Therefore the present study designed to assess the effect of red cabbage on the nutritional status of diabetic rats. Objectives: the aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of red cabbage on the nutritional status of diabetic rats through assessment of level of serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and some liver and kidney functions. Materials and Methods: Red cabbage was washed and sliced into small pieces and oven-dried at 50°C. Dried plants were crushed and bolted to get smooth powder. Diabetic rats groups groups were induced by injection of sterptozotocin (STZ) and they were fed on basal diet containing 2.5 and 5% Broccoli and the remaining groups were positive and negative control. After that the effect of the diet on the nutritional status, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles (TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C and VLDL-C) liver (ALT and AST) and kidney (creatinine, urea and uric acid) functions in the serum of rats were assessed. Also, histopathological changes were evaluated Results; It was found that red cabbage, have no significant differences toward body weight and food efficiency ratio of the all groups when compared with positive Control. Red cabbage reduced the serum glucose level in the all groups. The group of 5% red cabbage showed the best response. Also this group showed the most improvement in serum total cholesterol level. All groups have a reduction in serum triglycerides levels in this experiment. The group of 5% red cabbage showed the best response. The mean values of scrum LDL-C level decreased in the all groups, and all groups have a reduction in serum (VLDL-C) levels in this experiment, and it was observed that the group of 5% red cabbage showed the best response. Red cabbage increased (HDL-C) level in blood serum of rats in all groups, and high levels showed best responses. In kidney functions, red cabbage had no effect on uric acid level and enhanced urea and creatinine levels. Also, they decreased the liver enzymes (AST and ALT). Conclusion: the present study concluded that red cabbage have no effect on nutritional status but could enhanced glucose levels, lipid profile, kidney and liver functions in blood scrum of rats in the all groups. The most of best results showed in the high levels red cabbage (5%).

Two ethanolic extracts of two propolis samples were examined as antibacterial agent against some food spoilage and poisoning bacteria. These bacterial strains were two gram-positive namely Bacillus cereus DSM 345 and Staphylococcus aureus DSM 1104 and two gram-negative strains called Escherichia coli DSM 30083 and Salmonella typhimurium DSM 554. The chromatogram of HPLC analysis of the two tested extracts showed great differentiation between each other. The chromatogram result showed that the extract of citrus propolis (PI) contained 34 compounds while Alfalfa propolis '-sample (Pit) appeared 55 compounds. These compounds were combinations of aromatic acids, alphatic acids, alcohol, esters, and phenolic derivatives. Obtained results of anti bacterial activities in solid medium proved different behavior between G+ and G- bacteria towards the two extracts tested . Staphylococcus aureus DSM 1104 was most sensitive than Bacillus cereus DSM 345 while Escherichia coli DSM 30083 was most resistant than Salmonella typhimurium DSM 554.

Background: Pomegranate is an important source of bioactive compounds and has been used for folk medicine for many centuries. It is widely used in therapeutic formulas, cosmetics, and food seasonings. Since ancient times, the pomegranate has been regarded as a \"healing food\" with numerous beneficial effects in several diseases Objectives: the aim of this study was to determine the effect of diet supplemented with 5,7.5 and 10% pomegranate juices, arils and rind on the nutritional status (body weight gain%, food efficiency ratio% and relative organs weight) in hypercholestrolemic rats. Also know the effect of the diet on liver (ALT and AST) and kidney (creatinine, urea and uric acid) functions of hypercholestrolemic rats. Materials and Methods: Hypercholesterolemic rat groups were fed on basal diet containing 5,7.5 and 10% pomegranate juices, arils and rind and the remaining groups were positive and negative control, after that the effect of the diet on the nutritional status and liver (ALT and AST) and kidney (creatinine, urea and uric acid) functions were assessed, also, histopathological changes were evaluated. Results: The body weight gain and food efficiency ratio of the all groups have no significant differences when compared with positive Control, the relative weight of liver and heart decreased in the all groups when compared with positive Control (G2), but there are no significant differences in the mean values of the relative weight of spleen, brain and kidney among the groups.