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Objective Assess a single local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NPT). Materials and methods Twenty healthy subjects with periodontitis received SRP+PLGA/PLA nanoparticles loaded with 50 μg of curcumin (N-Curc) or SRP+empty nanoparticles. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were monitored at baseline, 30, 90, and 180 days. IL-1α, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-10 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed by ELISA, and counts of 40 bacterial species were determined by DNA hybridization at baseline, 3, 7, and 15 days post-therapy. Results PPD, CAL, and BOP were similarly and significantly improved in both experimental groups. There was no difference in GCF cytokine levels between experimental groups, although IL-6 was decreased at 3 days only in the N-Curc group. NPT reduced counts of red complex bacterial species in both groups. Veillonella Parvula counts increased significantly only in N-Curc group at 7 days, whereas Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans counts increased significantly only in the control group from day 3 to day 15. Conclusion We conclude that a single local administration of nanoencapsulated curcumin in periodontally diseased sites had no additive benefits to NPT. Clinical relevance Our results showed that a single local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles associated with nonsurgical periodontal therapy did not improve clinical outcomes. Hence, our findings do not support the use of curcumin as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Altered integrin expression in carcinomas has been associated with tumor aggressiveness, including survival outcomes. The alpha 5 (α5) integrin is associated with increased proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis in various types of cancer, however there is no systematic review on its potential as a prognostic marker for survival outcomes. This systematic review analyzed studies reporting α5 integrin detection by immunohistochemistry and associated survival outcomes, retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases. Fourteen publications met the inclusion criteria including a total of 2,018 patients diagnosed with ovarian, colorectal, liver, cervical, esophageal, pancreatic ductal, tongue or bladder carcinoma. The survival outcomes assessed in these studies included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and percent survival. Eleven studies reported a positive association between elevated α5 integrin expression and poorer OS or percent survival, while two found no association. Reduced PFS was associated with elevated α5 integrin expression in three studies, whereas two studies reported no such association. One study evaluated α5 integrin expression in relation to RFS and found no association. In conclusion, there is evidence that increased α5 integrin expression is associated with poorer overall and progression-free survival in carcinomas. However, these findings should be further validated through additional research to confirm its potential as a prognostic marker.