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Setaria sphacelata and Trichloris crinita are subtropical forage species that are important for livestock breeding in Argentina. Genomic information is scarce for these species, and there are no molecular markers designed for them; this limits the development of genetic improvement programs. We performed a cross-species transfer of SSR markers from several Poaceae species. In S. sphacelata, 8 SSR markers were transferred from Setaria italica (40% transfer rate), exhibiting 83% polymorphism. Kazungula, Splenda and Narok cultivars were genetically differentiated and the experimental material “Selección INTA” was separated from Narok, from which it was derived. For T. crinita, 19 microsatellites were transferred from 5 Poaceae species (7.3% transfer rate), with 69% polymorphism. The results obtained in this study show the potential of the transferred SSR markers for assessing genetic variation and for expanding the genetic resources available for these species.

Setaria sphacelata y Trichloris crinita son especies forrajeras subtropicales, estratégicas para el desarrollo de la actividad ganadera argentina. Para estas especies, la información genómica es escasa y no existen marcadores moleculares desarrollados en las mismas, por lo cual el desarrollo de programas de mejoramiento genético se ve limitado. En este contexto, realizamos una transferencia de marcadores SSR de varias especies de poáceas. En S. sphacelata, se transfirieron 8 marcadores desarrollados en Setaria italica (tasa de transferencia del 40%), mostrando un 83% de polimorfismo. Los cultivares Kazungula, Splenda y Narok se diferenciaron genéticamente y el material experimental “Selección INTA” se separó de Narok, del cual se deriva. Para T. crinita, se transfirieron 19 microsatélites de 5 especies poáceas (tasa de transferencia del 7.3%), con 69% de polimorfismo. Todos los individuos se pudieron difrenciar genéticamente. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo muestran la capacidad de los marcadores SSR transferidos para evaluar la variabilidad genética, expandiendo los recursos genéticos disponibles para estas especies.

Setaria sphacelata and Trichloris crinita are subtropical forage species that are important for livestock breeding in Argentina. Genomic information is scarce for these species, and there are no molecular markers designed for them; this limits the development of genetic improvement programs. We performed a cross-species transfer of SSR markers from several Poaceae species. In S. sphacelata, 8 SSR markers were transferred from Setaria italica (40% transfer rate), exhibiting 83% polymorphism. Kazungula, Splenda and Narok cultivars were genetically differentiated and the experimental material “Selección INTA” was separated from Narok, from which it was derived. For T. crinita, 19 microsatellites were transferred from 5 Poaceae species (7.3% transfer rate), with 69% polymorphism. The results obtained in this study show the potential of the transferred SSR markers for assessing genetic variation and for expanding the genetic resources available for these species.

Background Knowledge on the prevalence and clinical effects of Lewy body (LB) pathology in patients with rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) has been limited by the lack of a pathology-specific marker. The introduction of the alpha-synuclein (α-syn) seed amplification assay (SAA) has recently provided the first accurate in vivo biomarker of LB pathology. Based on data from limited neuropathological cohorts, we hypothesised that LB pathology is frequent in non-prion RPD and often clinically unrecognised. Methods We studied 171 consecutively referred clinically well-characterised patients with RPD, defined as those reaching the stage of major neurocognitive disorder within one year of symptom onset. Patients diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or a treatable form of RPD were excluded. Records on specific clinical features were retrospectively reviewed. We tested all patients with a validated α-syn CSF SAA to evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlates of LB pathology. Moreover, CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology were measured in all cases. Results In the cohort, 39.2% (67/171) tested positive by α-syn SAA. α-syn SAA positivity was more frequently detected alone than in combination with biomarkers of AD pathology (25.1% vs. 14.0%). α-syn SAA+ status was independently associated with higher odds of fluctuating cognition (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.46–6.25, p  = 0.012), visual hallucinations (OR 2.41, 95%CI 1.24–4.75, p  = 0.027), extrapyramidal signs (OR 4.57, 95%CI 2.35–9.11, p  < 0.001) and akinetic mutism (OR 3.77, 95%CI 1.22–12.82, p  = 0.038). The presence of at least two core features of the diagnostic criteria for Dementia with Lewy bodies yielded high specificity (83.6%, 95%CI 75.4–89.5), but low sensitivity (55.2%, 95%CI 43.4–66.5) and overall low performance (AUC 0.69, 95%CI 0.61–0.78) in discriminating α-syn+ from α-syn- participants. The presence of at least one core feature showed higher sensitivity (88.1%, 95%CI 78.2–93.8) but lower specificity (44.2%, 95%CI 35.1–53.8), also resulting in limited diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.66, 95%CI 0.58–0.74). Conclusion LB pathology is prevalent among patients with non-prion RPD but not adequately predicted by clinical features. Our findings support the use of biomarkers of LB pathology in the diagnostic workup of RPD, helping clinicians provide biologically based diagnoses.