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"Field, Stewart"
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L.A. Rebellion : creating a new black cinema
\"L.A. Rebellion: Creating a New Black Cinema is the first book dedicated to the films and filmmakers of the L.A. Rebellion, a group of African and African American independent film and video artists that formed at the University of California, Los Angeles, in the 1970s and 1980s. The group--including Charles Burnett, Julie Dash, Haile Gerima, Billy Woodberry, Jamaa Fanaka, and Zeinabu irene Davis--shared a desire to create alternatives to the dominant modes of narrative, style, and practice in American cinema, works that reflected the full complexity of Black experiences. This landmark collection of essays and oral histories examines the creative output of the L.A. Rebellion, contextualizing the group's film practices and offering sustained analyses of the wide range of works, with particular attention to newly discovered films and lesser-known filmmakers. Based on extensive archival work and preservation, this collection includes a complete filmography of the movement, over 100 illustrations (most of which are previously unpublished), and a bibliography of primary and secondary materials. This is an indispensible sourcebook for scholars and enthusiasts, establishing the key role played by the L.A. Rebellion within the histories of cinema, Black visual culture, and postwar art in Los Angeles\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Criminal Justice and the Ideal Defendant in the Making of Remorse and Responsibility
This book investigates how defendants are assessed by criminal justice decisionmakers, such as judges, lawyers, probation officers, parole board members and those involved in restorative justice.What attitudes and emotions are defendants expected to show?How are these expectations communicated?.
eBook
Rootstocks Alter the Seasonal Dynamics and Vertical Distribution of New Root Growth of Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz grapevines
Minirhizotron tubes were installed to monitor root growth dynamics of mature Shiraz grapevines in a rootstock trial established in the hot climate Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The vertical root distribution and seasonal root growth dynamics of Shiraz on own-roots and Shiraz grafted on the rootstocks Ramsey, 140 Ruggeri and Schwarzmann was studied for five seasons across a seven-year period to a depth of 60 cm. New root production was significantly influenced by genotype, soil depth, season, growth stage and year. Soil moisture and soil temperature were monitored at 10, 30 and 60 cm in the last two seasons. Soil moisture at 30 cm and soil temperature at all three depths were significant predictors of root growth. New root numbers were significantly higher in 140 Ruggeri than the other rootstocks. To the depth studied, 140 Ruggeri roots were evenly distributed from the topsoil down, whereas the majority of roots of Schwarzmann and Shiraz were located at intermediate depths in the 10–40 cm ad 20–40 cm zones respectively, while Ramsey roots were found at 20 cm or below. Depending on genotype, root growth occurred across several phenological stages but tended to peak at flowering. In some years we observed root growth in early and late winter at rates exceeding that of autumn, and this was associated with warmer temperatures during this period. In general, the seasonal dynamics of root growth attributes were found to be influenced by abiotic factors, but mainly determined by genotype. The insights gained from this study can help us better understand the interplay between rootstock, environment, and management, and predict how different rootstock genotypes may perform under changing climatic conditions.
Journal Article
Detection of sub-aroma threshold concentrations of wine methoxypyrazines by multidimensional GCMS
Complex matrices, such as wine, provide a challenge in the quantification of compounds. There exists a high likelihood of co-elution in these matrices, thereby artificially increasing the observed concentration. This can often lead to confusing data where compounds are above aroma detection thresholds, but are not detected by olfactory analysis. Additionally, the lack of sensitivity in assays can lead to the non-detection of sub-aroma threshold concentrations and contrasting data when olfactory analysis detects these aromas. To eliminate these pitfalls and gain a better understanding of the role that methoxypyrazines impart green character to wine, a quantitative method using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry was developed. The method can quantitate the three common methoxypyrazines found in wine at the picogram per liter level while resolving co-eluting compounds. The proposed method was validated using model wine and wine solutions and was ultimately used for the comparative analysis of white, rosé, and red wines.
Journal Article
Explaining, Interpreting, and Prescribing: Some Tensions and Dilemmas in the Comparative Analysis of Youth Justice Cultures
This chapter reflects on the implications of a cross‐cultural empirical research study on youth justice in Italy and Wales for transnational prescription of good practice. It examines the challenges in doing comparative studies which isolate the influence of particular elements of criminal justice regimes. Such analysis may seem well suited to transnational policy prescription in that particular elements are more easily transposed than whole systems. But institutional categories and practice may be so culturally imbedded that it becomes very difficult to understand their influence outside those particular cultural contexts. The article goes on to examine the potential (and the limitations) for transnational policy prescription of more holistic interpretive approaches to explanation rooted in analysis of legal cultures. It concludes that such approaches can expand the range of possible policy choices in terms of transnational prescription but cannot offer a means to predict their precise effects.
Journal Article
Learning from Elsewhere: From Cross‐cultural Explanations to Transnational Prescriptions in Criminal Justice. An Introduction
We are living at a time in which increasingly concerns about crime and security are shared across national borders and our responses are becoming transnational: this is evident in intensifying international efforts at crime-control cooperation and the dissemination of particular approaches to crime prevention, criminal justice, and the rule of law. These developments are being implemented partly through international law (especially international criminal law and international human rights law) and partly through wider and more diverse forms of supranational influence and intergovernmental cooperation. There is now a substantial grey literature emerging from international institutions such as the United Nations, the European Union, and the Council of Europe, producing comparative data and research and seeking to promote particular views of good practice in relation to a variety of issues around crime, security, and justice.
Journal Article
Practice Cultures and the ‘New’ Youth Justice in (England and) Wales
This paper considers the extent to which the Government’s declared intentions to unite youth justice practice cultures around a common emphasis on preventing offending through early criminal justice intervention have been realized in practice. Based on interviews with a range of practitioners in Wales in 2003/04, it examines their priorities and underlying objectives. It outlines a complex pattern of change in which concern for the welfare of young offenders has been not so much marginalized as reconstituted in more conditional terms. The article questions whether this complexity can be adequately captured by suggestions of a ‘punitive turn’ in youth justice.
Journal Article
Socio-legal Studies in France: Beyond the Law Faculty
This article is the third in an occasional series dealing with the development, current status, and future of socio-legal studies in selected countries. It follows articles by Kim Economides (Aotearoa/New Zealand) and Harry Arthurs and Annie Bunting (Canada). In this article we argue that in France one can identify work that corresponds to the key strands of socio-legal research in Anglo-American societies but that 'socio-legal' as a category of research and scholarship does not have the presence it has in the United Kingdom. French law faculties continue to be strongly shaped by a traditional disciplinary orthodoxy rooted in a highly and distinctively structured form of doctrinal analysis. In the first part, we explain the relatively limited presence of socio-legal studies in French law faculties in terms of the historical and institutional mechanisms by which disciplinary closure has been created and maintained around traditional orthodoxies. But in the second part we will trace the presence - predominantly outside law faculties - of significant fragments of sociolegal practice in the scholarship of law and allied disciplines.
Journal Article
Rootstocks Alter the Seasonal Dynamics and Vertical Distribution of New Root Growth of IVitis vinifera/I cv. IShiraz grapevines/I
Minirhizotron tubes were installed to monitor root growth dynamics of mature Shiraz grapevines in a rootstock trial established in the hot climate Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. The vertical root distribution and seasonal root growth dynamics of Shiraz on own-roots and Shiraz grafted on the rootstocks Ramsey, 140 Ruggeri and Schwarzmann was studied for five seasons across a seven-year period to a depth of 60 cm. New root production was significantly influenced by genotype, soil depth, season, growth stage and year. Soil moisture and soil temperature were monitored at 10, 30 and 60 cm in the last two seasons. Soil moisture at 30 cm and soil temperature at all three depths were significant predictors of root growth. New root numbers were significantly higher in 140 Ruggeri than the other rootstocks. To the depth studied, 140 Ruggeri roots were evenly distributed from the topsoil down, whereas the majority of roots of Schwarzmann and Shiraz were located at intermediate depths in the 10–40 cm ad 20–40 cm zones respectively, while Ramsey roots were found at 20 cm or below. Depending on genotype, root growth occurred across several phenological stages but tended to peak at flowering. In some years we observed root growth in early and late winter at rates exceeding that of autumn, and this was associated with warmer temperatures during this period. In general, the seasonal dynamics of root growth attributes were found to be influenced by abiotic factors, but mainly determined by genotype. The insights gained from this study can help us better understand the interplay between rootstock, environment, and management, and predict how different rootstock genotypes may perform under changing climatic conditions.
Journal Article
Simulating organ biomass variability and carbohydrate distribution in perennial fruit crops: a comparison between the common assimilate pool and phloem carbohydrate transport models
Variability in fruit quality greatly impedes the profitability of an orchard. Modelling can help find the causes of quality variability. However, studies suggest that the common assimilate pool model is inadequate in terms of describing variability in organ biomass. The aim of the current study was to compare the performances of the common assimilate pool and phloem carbohydrate transport models in simulating phloem carbohydrate concentration and organ biomass variability within the whole-plant functional–structural grapevine (Vitis vinifera) model that we developed previously. A statistical approach was developed for calibrating the model with a detailed potted experiment that entails three levels of leaf area per vine during the fruit ripening period. Global sensitivity analysis illustrated that carbohydrate allocation changed with the amount of leaf area as well as the limiting factors for organ biomass development. Under a homogeneous canopy architecture where all grape bunches were equally close to the carbohydrate sources, the common assimilate pool and phloem transport models produced very similar results. However, under a heterogeneous canopy architecture with variable distance between bunches and carbohydrate sources, the coefficient of variation for fruit biomass rose from 0.01 to 0.17 as crop load increased. These results indicate that carbohydrate allocation to fruits is affected by both the size of crop load and fruit distribution, which is not adequately described by the common assimilate pool model. The new grapevine model can also simulate dynamic canopy growth and be adapted to help optimize canopy architecture and quality variability of other perennial fruit crops.
Journal Article