Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
6,354
result(s) for
"Gomes, C"
Sort by:
Mosaics of meaning : studies in Portuguese emblematics
This volume examines, in English, the role of emblems in the Portuguese-speaking world, their distinctive qualities and their links with the wider European tradition. Luís Gomes brings together studies ranging over a wide corpus of material, in both Portugal and Brazil, from manuscripts to printed books to the famous azulejos.
Book
Unravelling the Diversity of Grapevine Microbiome
Vitis vinifera is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops with a great economic impact on the global industry. As a plant, it is naturally colonised by a wide variety of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that interact with grapevine, having either beneficial or phytopathogenic effects, who play a major role in fruit yield, grape quality and, ultimately, in the evolution of grape fermentation and wine production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extensively characterize the natural microbiome of grapevine. Considering that the majority of microorganisms are uncultivable, we have deeply studied the microflora of grapevine leaves using massive parallel rDNA sequencing, along its vegetative cycle. Among eukaryotic population the most abundant microorganisms belonged to the early diverging fungi lineages and Ascomycota phylum, whereas the Basidiomycota were the least abundant. Regarding prokaryotes, a high diversity of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria was unveiled. Indeed, the microbial communities present in the vineyard during its vegetative cycle were shown to be highly structured and dynamic. In all cases, the major abundant microorganisms were the yeast-like fungus Aureobasidium and the prokaryotic Enterobacteriaceae. Herein, we report the first complete microbiome landscape of the vineyard, through a metagenomic approach, and highlight the analysis of the microbial interactions within the vineyard and its importance for the equilibrium of the microecosystem of grapevines.
Journal Article
An Overview of Platforms for Big Earth Observation Data Management and Analysis
In recent years, Earth observation (EO) satellites have generated big amounts of geospatial data that are freely available for society and researchers. This scenario brings challenges for traditional spatial data infrastructures (SDI) to properly store, process, disseminate and analyze these big data sets. To meet these demands, novel technologies have been proposed and developed, based on cloud computing and distributed systems, such as array database systems, MapReduce systems and web services to access and process big Earth observation data. Currently, these technologies have been integrated into cutting edge platforms in order to support a new generation of SDI for big Earth observation data. This paper presents an overview of seven platforms for big Earth observation data management and analysis—Google Earth Engine (GEE), Sentinel Hub, Open Data Cube (ODC), System for Earth Observation Data Access, Processing and Analysis for Land Monitoring (SEPAL), openEO, JEODPP, and pipsCloud. We also provide a comparison of these platforms according to criteria that represent capabilities of the EO community interest.
Journal Article
During autophagy mitochondria elongate, are spared from degradation and sustain cell viability
A plethora of cellular processes, including apoptosis, depend on regulated changes in mitochondrial shape and ultrastructure. The role of mitochondria and of their morphology during autophagy, a bulk degradation and recycling process of eukaryotic cells’ constituents, is not well understood. Here we show that mitochondrial morphology determines the cellular response to macroautophagy. When autophagy is triggered, mitochondria elongate
in vitro
and
in vivo
. During starvation, cellular cyclic AMP levels increase and protein kinase A (PKA) is activated. PKA in turn phosphorylates the pro-fission dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), which is therefore retained in the cytoplasm, leading to unopposed mitochondrial fusion. Elongated mitochondria are spared from autophagic degradation, possess more cristae, increased levels of dimerization and activity of ATP synthase, and maintain ATP production. Conversely, when elongation is genetically or pharmacologically blocked, mitochondria consume ATP, precipitating starvation-induced death. Thus, regulated changes in mitochondrial morphology determine the fate of the cell during autophagy.
Mitochondria are found to fuse at the onset of autophagy. This event, which is regulated by a cyclic AMP–PKA (protein kinase A) signalling pathway, increases ATP synthase activity to prevent starvation-induced cell death.
Journal Article
Severe acute pancreatitis: eight fundamental steps revised according to the ‘PANCREAS’ acronym
Severe acute pancreatitis remains a life-threatening condition, responsible for many disorders of homeostasis and organ dysfunction. By means of a mnemonic ‘PANCREAS’, eight important steps in the management of severe acute pancreatitis are highlighted. These steps follow the principle of goal-directed therapy and should be borne in mind after diagnosis and during clinical treatment. The first step is perfusion: the goal is to reach a central venous pressure of 12–15mmHg, urinary output 0.5–1ml/kg/hour and inferior vena cava collapse index greater than 48%. Next is analgesia: multimodal, systemic and combined pharmacological agent and epidural block are possibilities. Third is nutrition: precocity, enteral feeding in gastric or post-pyloric position. Parenteral nutrition works best in difficult cases to achieve the individual total caloric value. Fourth is clinical: mild, moderate or severe pancreatitis according to the Atlanta criteria. Radiology is fifth: abdominal computed tomography on the fourth day for prognosis or to modify management. Endoscopy is sixth: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (cholangitis, unpredicted clinical course and ascending jaundice); management of pancreatic fluid collection and ‘walled-off necrosis’. Antibiotics come next: infectious complications are common causes of morbidity. The only rational indication for antibiotics is documented pancreatic infection. The last step is surgery: the dogma is represented by the ‘three Ds’ (delay, drain, debride). The preferred method is a minimally invasive step-up approach, which allows for gradually more invasive procedures when the previous treatment fails.
Journal Article
H-Ferritin is essential for macrophages’ capacity to store or detoxify exogenously added iron
Macrophages are central cells both in the immune response and in iron homeostasis. Iron is both essential and potentially toxic. Therefore, iron acquisition, transport, storage, and release are tightly regulated, by several important proteins. Cytosolic ferritin is an iron storage protein composed of 24 subunits of either the L- or the H-type chains. H-ferritin differs from L-ferritin in the capacity to oxidize Fe
2+
to Fe
3+
. In this work, we investigated the role played by H-ferritin in the macrophages’ ability to respond to immune stimuli and to deal with exogenously added iron. We used mice with a conditional deletion of the H-ferritin gene in the myeloid lineage to obtain bone marrow-derived macrophages. These macrophages had normal viability and gene expression under basal culture conditions. However, when treated with interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide they had a lower activation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2. Furthermore, H-ferritin-deficient macrophages had a higher sensitivity to iron-induced toxicity. This sensitivity was associated with a lower intracellular iron accumulation but a higher production of reactive oxygen species. These data indicate that H-ferritin modulates macrophage response to immune stimuli and that it plays an essential role in protection against iron-induced oxidative stress and cell death.
Journal Article
Inferring high-resolution human mixing patterns for disease modeling
Mathematical and computational modeling approaches are increasingly used as quantitative tools in the analysis and forecasting of infectious disease epidemics. The growing need for realism in addressing complex public health questions is, however, calling for accurate models of the human contact patterns that govern the disease transmission processes. Here we present a data-driven approach to generate effective population-level contact matrices by using highly detailed macro (census) and micro (survey) data on key socio-demographic features. We produce age-stratified contact matrices for 35 countries, including 277 sub-national administratvie regions of 8 of those countries, covering approximately 3.5 billion people and reflecting the high degree of cultural and societal diversity of the focus countries. We use the derived contact matrices to model the spread of airborne infectious diseases and show that sub-national heterogeneities in human mixing patterns have a marked impact on epidemic indicators such as the reproduction number and overall attack rate of epidemics of the same etiology. The contact patterns derived here are made publicly available as a modeling tool to study the impact of socio-economic differences and demographic heterogeneities across populations on the epidemiology of infectious diseases.
The growing need for realism in addressing complex public health questions calls for accurate models of the human contact patterns that govern disease transmission. Here, the authors generate effective population-level contact matrices by using highly detailed macro (census) and micro (survey) data on key socio-demographic features.
Journal Article
Combinatorial Strategies for the Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death
The term \"immunogenic cell death\" (ICD) is commonly employed to indicate a peculiar instance of regulated cell death (RCD) that engages the adaptive arm of the immune system. The inoculation of cancer cells undergoing ICD into immunocompetent animals elicits a specific immune response associated with the establishment of immunological memory. Only a few agents are intrinsically endowed with the ability to trigger ICD. These include a few chemotherapeutics that are routinely employed in the clinic, like doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, oxaliplatin, and cyclophosphamide, as well as some agents that have not yet been approved for use in humans. Accumulating clinical data indicate that the activation of adaptive immune responses against dying cancer cells is associated with improved disease outcome in patients affected by various neoplasms. Thus, novel therapeutic regimens that trigger ICD are urgently awaited. Here, we discuss current combinatorial approaches to convert otherwise non-immunogenic instances of RCD into bona fide ICD.
Journal Article
Assessing the spread of COVID-19 in Brazil: Mobility, morbidity and social vulnerability
Brazil detected community transmission of COVID-19 on March 13, 2020. In this study we identified which areas in the country were the most vulnerable for COVID-19, both in terms of the risk of arrival of cases, the risk of sustained transmission and their social vulnerability. Probabilistic models were used to calculate the probability of COVID-19 spread from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the initial hotspots, using mobility data from the pre-epidemic period, while multivariate cluster analysis of socio-economic indices was done to identify areas with similar social vulnerability. The results consist of a series of maps of effective distance, outbreak probability, hospital capacity and social vulnerability. They show areas in the North and Northeast with high risk of COVID-19 outbreak that are also highly socially vulnerable. Later, these areas would be found the most severely affected. The maps produced were sent to health authorities to aid in their efforts to prioritize actions such as resource allocation to mitigate the effects of the pandemic. In the discussion, we address how predictions compared to the observed dynamics of the disease.
Journal Article
REVIEW OF MEDICATION INCIDENTS IN MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE
IntroductionIn this review, medication incidents accross different mental health care facilities was reviewed and nuances, challenges, and advancements in the administration and management of psychiatric medications was noted. Through gaining a better understanding of the complexities surrounding these incidents, valuable information can be gathered that will enhance patient safety, improving healthcare practices, and fostering a deeper understanding of the critical intersection between mental health care and medication management.ObjectivesTo identify the most frequent types of medication errors or patterns of medication errors in a mental health service accross different settings including inpatient, outpatient, liaison and long term residential unitMethodsThis is a multicentre project as it covers medication incidents in mental health care in a regianal area in Ireland. It includes an acute psychiatric Unit, the General Hospital and patients admitted in medical and surgical wards and as well long term residential care. Using the National Incident Management System we collected National Incident Report Forms (NIRF) relating mental health care provided and medication prescribed within a region in Ireland. From these we selected the ones were medication hazard was noted. Data collection happened between July 2020 and July 2021. A statuystical analysis was then performed to identify any patterns to medication errors.ResultsA total of 22 incidents were included. On review of these, it was noted, among other findings, that here was a significant increase in the frequency of medication errors during the month of December. It was also noted errors ranged from medication being given to the wrong patient, medication being given twice and medication being missed.ConclusionsMinimising medication errors requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare providers, patients, and healthcare systems. Healthcare organizations should foster a culture of safety where medication errors are seen as preventable and where providers are encouraged to report errors without fear of retaliation.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Journal Article