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"Guo, Da"
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Connected vehicular systems : communication, control, and optimization
\"This book contains our research advances in the past decade in the analysis and synthesis of CAVs systems from all aspects of trajectory planning, cooperative control and communication. The focuses of this book are on the development of mathematical models and methodologies for trajectory optimization and tracking control, communications conflict resolution, cooperative control subject to communication constraints and sensor/actuator failures/faults for CAVs from different perspectives. This book is composed of fourteen Chapters. The contents are divided into three parts, with Chapter 1 - Chapter 5 as Part I, Chapter 6 - Chapter 9 as Part II, and Chapter 10 - Chapter 14 as Part III, respectively, concerned with cooperative vehicular communication and control, performance guarantee under actuator limitations, and speed trajectory planning and tracking control of CAVs.\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Genome-wide identification of small heat-shock protein (HSP20) gene family in grape and expression profile during berry development
Background
Studies have shown that
HSP20
(heat-shock protein 20) genes play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the grape
HSP20
gene family has not been well studied.
Results
A total of 48
VvHSP20
genes were identified from the grape genome, which were divided into 11 subfamilies (CI, CII, CIII, CV, CVI, CVII, MI, MII, ER, CP and PX/Po) based on a phylogenetic analysis and subcellular localization. Further structural analysis showed that most of the
VvHSP20
genes (93.8%) had no intron or only one intron, while genes that clustered together based on a phylogenetic tree had similar motifs and evolutionarily conserved structures. The HSP20s share a conservedα-crystalline domain (ACD) and the different components of the ACD domain suggest the functional diversity of VvHSP20s. In addition, the 48
VvHSP20
genes were distributed on 12 grape chromosomes and the majority of
VvHSP20
genes were located at the proximal or distal ends of chromosomes. Chromosome mapping indicated that four groups of
VvHSP20
genes were identified as tandem duplication genes. Phytohormone responsive, abiotic and biotic stress-responsive, and plant development-related cis-elements were identified from the
cis
-regulatory elements analysis of VvHSP20s. The expression profiles of
VvHSP20s
genes (
VvHSP20–1
,
11
,
14
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
20
,
24
,
25
,
28
,
31
,
39
,
42,
and
43
) were largely similar between RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR analysis after hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) treatment. The results showed that most
VvHSP20s
were down-regulated by H
2
O
2
treatment during fruit development.
VvHSP20s
genes were indeed found to be involved in the grape berry development and differences in their transcriptional levels may be the result of functional differentiation during evolution.
Conclusions
Our results provide valuable information on the evolutionary relationship of genes in the
VvHSP20
family, which is useful for future studies on the functional characteristics of
VvHSP20
genes in grape.
Journal Article
Transcriptome analysis reveals mechanism of early ripening in Kyoho grape with hydrogen peroxide treatment
Background
In a previous study, the early ripening of Kyoho grape following H
2
O
2
treatment was explored at the physiological level, but the mechanism by which H
2
O
2
promotes ripening at the molecular level is unclear. To reveal the molecular mechanism, RNA-sequencing analysis was conducted on the different developmental stages of Kyoho berry treated with H
2
O
2
.
Results
In the comparison of treatment and control groups, 406 genes were up-regulated and 683 were down-regulated. Time course sequencing (TCseq) analysis showed that the expression patterns of most of the genes were similar between the treatment and control, except for some genes related to chlorophyll binding and photosynthesis. Differential expression analysis and the weighted gene co-expression network were used to screen significantly differentially expressed genes and hub genes associated with oxidative stress (
heat shock protein
,
HSP
), cell wall deacetylation (
GDSL esterase/lipase
,
GDSL
), cell wall degradation (
xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase, XTH
), and photosynthesis (
chlorophyll a-b binding protein, CAB1
). Gene expression was verified with RT-qPCR, and the results were largely consistent with those of RNA sequencing.
Conclusions
The RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that H
2
O
2
treatment promoted the early ripening of Kyoho berry by affecting the expression levels of
HSP, GDSL, XTH,
and
CAB1
and- photosynthesis- pathways.
Journal Article
Tandem gene duplications contributed to high-level azole resistance in a rapidly expanding Candida tropicalis population
Invasive diseases caused by the globally distributed commensal yeast
Candida tropicalis
are associated with mortality rates of greater than 50%. Notable increases of azole resistance have been observed in this species, particularly within Asia-Pacific regions. Here, we carried out a genetic population study on 1571 global
C. tropicalis
isolates using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). In addition, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis was conducted on 629 of these strains, comprising 448 clinical invasive strains obtained in this study and 181 genomes sourced from public databases. We found that MLST clade 4 is the predominant azole-resistant clone. WGS analyses demonstrated that dramatically increasing rates of azole resistance are associated with a rapid expansion of cluster AZR, a sublineage of clade 4. Cluster AZR isolates exhibited a distinct high-level azole resistance, which was induced by tandem duplications of the
ERG11
A395T
gene allele.
Ty3/gypsy
-like retrotransposons were found to be highly enriched in this population. The alarming expansion of
C. tropicalis
cluster AZR population underscores the urgent need for strategies against growing threats of antifungal resistance.
Candida tropicalis
is a cause of invasive candidiasis infection in humans that has been increasingly associated with azole drug resistance. In this study, the authors investigate the genetic basis for azole resistance through analysis of whole-genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing data.
Journal Article
تدويل العملات والتحكم الكلي بالمخاطر المالية
شهد الاقتصاد الصيني مؤخرا طبيعة جديدة مع الانتعاش الاقتصادي العالمي وديناميكية السوق المالي. ورغم الضغوطات الاقتصادية المحلية والعالمية وتغير قيمة العملة، لا يزال تدويل العملة في الصين يكتسب زخما كبيرا مع إطلاق المرحلة الأولى من نظام الحدود بين البنوك (CIPS) وتنفيذ مبادرة الحزام والطريق. من هنا، يعالج هذا الكتاب موضوع تدويل العملة في الصين والتحكم الكلي بالمخاطر المالية المحدقة، بهدف إلقاء الضوء على أسباب تقدم الاقتصاد الصيني، وإعطاء القارئ لمحة موجزة عن السياسة الحكيمة التي اعتمدتها حكومة جمهورية الصين الشعبية للنهوض باقتصادها والوصول به إلى مصاف الدول المتقدمة.
Genome-wide association study of berry-related traits in grape Vitis vinifera L. based on genotyping-by-sequencing markers
ABSTRACT
Deciphering the genetic control of grape berry traits is crucial for optimizing yield, fruit quality, and consumer acceptability. In this study, an association panel of 179 grape genotypes comprising a mixture of ancient cultivars, landraces, and modern varieties collected worldwide were genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing using a genome-wide association approach based on 32,311 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genome-wide efficient mixed-model association was selected as the optimal statistical model based on the results of known control loci of grape berry color traits. Many of the associated SNPs identified in this study were in accordance with the previous QTL analyses using biparental mapping. The grape skin color locus was found to be associated with a
mybA
transcription factor on chromosome 2. Two strong and distinct association signals associated with berry development periods were found on chromosome 16. Most candidate genes of the interval were highlighted as receptor-like protein kinase. For berry weight, significant association loci were identified on chromosome 18, as previously known, and on chromosome 19 and chromosome 17, as newly mapped. Berry flesh texture was newly located on chromosome 16; candidate genes in the interval were related to calcium. Berry flavor was determined on chromosome 5. Genomic regions were further investigated to reveal candidate genes. In this work, we identified interesting genetic determinants of grape berry-related traits. The identification of the markers closely associated with these berry traits may be useful for grape molecular breeding.
Grapes: The genetic basis of fruit traits
Genetic analysis of 179 types of vine has revealed regions of the genome and associated genes and proteins that control many of the key traits in the grapes. These traits are crucial for determining fruit quality and yield, in addition to conferring flavors that are highly valued by consumers and wine makers. Researchers in China, led by Da-Long Guo at Henan University of Science and Technology, used DNA sequencing to analyze genetic markers in a mixture of ancient, traditionally cultivated and modern grape varieties. The analysis identified specific regions of the genome linked to grape fruit development, weight, texture, skin color and flavor. The molecular basis of the effects of the identified genetic regions were also explored. The findings will help generate new varieties of grapes for the food and wine industries.
Journal Article
MicroRNA profiling analysis of developing berries for ‘Kyoho’ and its early-ripening mutant during berry ripening
Background
‘Fengzao’ is an early-ripening bud mutant of ‘Kyoho’, which matures nearly 30 days earlier than ‘Kyoho’. To gain a better understanding of the regulatory role of miRNAs in early-ripening of grape berry, high-throughput sequencing approach and quantitative RT-PCR validation were employed to identify miRNAs at the genome-wide level and profile the expression patterns of the miRNAs during berry development in ‘Kyho’ and ‘Fengzao’, respectively.
Results
Nine independent small RNA libraries were constructed and sequenced in two varieties from key berry development stages. A total of 108 known miRNAs and 61 novel miRNAs were identified. Among that, 159 miRNAs identified in ‘Fengzao’ all completely expressed in ‘Kyoho’ and there were 10 miRNAs specifically expressed in ‘Kyoho’. The expression profiles of known and novel miRNAs were quite similar between two varieties. As the major differentially expressed miRNAs, novel_144, vvi-miR3626-3p and vvi-miR3626-5p only expressed in ‘Kyoho’, vvi-miR399b and vvi-miR399e were down-regulated in ‘Fengzao’, while vvi-miR477b-3p up-regulated in ‘Fengzao’. According to the expression analysis and previous reports, miR169-NF-Y subunit, miR398-CSD, miR3626-RNA helicase, miR399- phosphate transporter and miR477-GRAS transcription factor were selected as the candidates for further investigations of miRNA regulation role in the early-ripening of grape. The qRT-PCR analyses validated the contrasting expression patterns for these miRNAs and their target genes.
Conclusions
The miRNAome of the grape berry development of ‘Kyoho’, and its early-ripening bud mutant, ‘Fengzao’ were compared by high-throughput sequencing. The expression pattern of several key miRNAs and their target genes during grape berry development and ripening stages was examined. Our results provide valuable basis towards understanding the regulatory mechanisms of early-ripening of grape berry.
Journal Article