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"He, Li-Hui"
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Chaperone-tip adhesin complex is vital for synergistic activation of CFA/I fimbriae biogenesis
Colonization factor CFA/I defines the major adhesive fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and mediates bacterial attachment to host intestinal epithelial cells. The CFA/I fimbria consists of a tip-localized minor adhesive subunit, CfaE, and thousands of copies of the major subunit CfaB polymerized into an ordered helical rod. Biosynthesis of CFA/I fimbriae requires the assistance of the periplasmic chaperone CfaA and outer membrane usher CfaC. Although the CfaE subunit is proposed to initiate the assembly of CFA/I fimbriae, how it performs this function remains elusive. Here, we report the establishment of an in vitro assay for CFA/I fimbria assembly and show that stabilized CfaA-CfaB and CfaA-CfaE binary complexes together with CfaC are sufficient to drive fimbria formation. The presence of both CfaA-CfaE and CfaC accelerates fimbria formation, while the absence of either component leads to linearized CfaB polymers in vitro. We further report the crystal structure of the stabilized CfaA-CfaE complex, revealing features unique for biogenesis of Class 5 fimbriae.
Journal Article
A Synthesis of the Best Evidence for Rhubarb Administration in the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis in China
Acute pancreatitis has complex causes, and traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role in its treatment. However, there is a lack of standardized protocols and a comprehensive best evidence summary for rhubarb administration in acute pancreatitis, leading to inconsistent clinical practice. This study aimed to retrieve and summarize the best evidence on the administration of rhubarb in the treatment of acute pancreatitis and to provide a theoretical reference for the development of clinical practice.
A systematic search was performed from database inception to 31 October, 2025 across multiple electronic databases and guideline repositories, including the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, China biomedical, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. Eligible evidence comprised clinical practice guidelines, expert consensus statements, and systematic reviews focusing on rhubarb administration in adult patients with acute pancreatitis. The methodological quality of included studies was independently evaluated using the AGREE II, JBI, and AMSTAR 2.0 tools.
A total of 15 documents were included, including 3 clinical guidelines, 3 expert consensus, and 9 systematic evaluations. Twenty-seven pieces of evidence related to rhubarb administration in patients with acute pancreatitis were extracted and summarized into four themes: mechanism of action, feasibility, evaluation, and clinical implementation.
Healthcare providers may apply the best evidence for rhubarb administration in acute pancreatitis to improve intestinal function recovery. However, recommendations should be interpreted cautiously, as all evidence comes from Chinese studies with limited generalizability and some low-level findings. This study is in accordance with the evidence summary reporting specifications of the Fudan University Center for the Evidence-based Nursing, and the registration number is \"ES20246947\".
Journal Article
Structural and functional studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa DspI: implications for its role in DSF biosynthesis
DspI, a putative enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) hydratase/isomerase, was proposed to be involved in the synthesis of
cis
-2-decenoic acid (CDA), a quorum sensing (QS) signal molecule in the pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(
P
.
aeruginosa
). The present study provided a structural basis for the dehydration reaction mechanism of DspI during CDA synthesis. Structural analysis reveals that Glu126, Glu146, Cys127, Cys131 and Cys154 are important for its enzymatic function. Moreover, we show that the deletion of
dspI
results in a remarkable decreased in the pyoverdine production, flagella-dependent swarming motility, and biofilm dispersion as well as attenuated virulence in
P
.
aeruginosa
PA14. This study thus unravels the mechanism of DspI in diffusible signal factor (DSF) CDA biosynthesis, providing vital information for developing inhibitors that interfere with DSF associated pathogenicity in
P
.
aeruginosa
.
Journal Article
Effects of grafting cell penetrate peptide and RGD on endocytosis and biological effects of Mg-CaPNPs-CKIP-1 siRNA carrier system in vitro
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPNPs) have good biocompatibility as gene carriers; however, CaPNPs typically exhibit a low transfection efficiency. Cell penetrate peptide (TAT) can increase the uptake of nanoparticles but is limited by its non-specificity. Grafting adhesion peptide adhesion peptide on carriers can enhance their targeting. The Plekho1 gene encodes casein kinase-2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) , which can negatively regulate osteogenic differentiation. Based on the above, we produced a Mg-CaPNPs-RGD-TAT-CKIP-1 siRNA carrier system via hydrothermal synthesis, silanization and adsorption. The effects of this carrier system on cell endocytosis and biological effects were evaluated by cell culture in vitro. The results demonstrate that CaPNPs with 7% Mg (60 nm particle size, short rod shape and good dispersion) were suitable for use as gene carriers. The carrier system boosted the endocytosis of MG63 cells and was helpful for promoting the differentiation of osteoblasts, and the dual-ligand system possessed a synergistic effect. The findings of this study show the tremendous potential of the Mg-CaPNPs-RGD-TAT-CKIP-1 siRNA carrier system for efficient delivery into cells and osteogenesis inducement.
Journal Article
A thematic analysis of barriers to mental health help-seeking: a multi-cultural perspective
There are increasing overseas students suffering from mental problems. However, less students will seek help from mental services. This study is to explore the potential barriers of seeking help. Results identified 3 clearly-defined and well-supported themes of barriers to help-seeking (i.e. stigma, mental health literacy and awareness of services, culture and language). This study raises important public health issues as well as gaining an insight into how cultural barriers influence help-seeking behaviour, raising potentially fascinating further avenues for future study.
Journal Article
Predictors of neurocognitive impairment at 2 years after a first-episode major depressive disorder
Abstract Background Neurocognitive impairment is a contributor to major depressive disorder (MDD). However, MDD patients show great variability in the level and course of deficits. The present longitudinal study was to identify predictors of neurocognitive impairment in first-episode MDD patients. Methods Neurocognitive performance was analyzed in a cohort of 100 patients at 2 years after a first-episode MDD. Subgroups, deficit type vs. non-deficit type, were compared on baseline clinical, neuropsychological, premorbid and sociodemographic characteristics. The analysis was performed using the multivariate logistic regression to obtain a model for neurocognitive impairment determination. The predicted probabilities of multivariate logistic regression were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Fifty-two percent of MDD participants presented general neurocognitive impairment. The regression analyses demonstrated that clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were not predictive variables. A model composed of processing speed, executive function, and attention, dexterity correctly classified 85.8% of the MDD patients with deficit type. ROC curve indicated that the changes of these three cognitions could identify MDD with deficit type from MDD with non-deficit type. In addition, ROC curve also indicated that processing speed and executive function could identify MDD from CN subjects. Finally, processing speed performance was negatively correlated with Hamilton Depression Scale scores in both MDD with deficit and non-deficit type. Conclusion The present study provides novel insights on frequency and neurocognitive profile of subtypes of patients showing impairment. Our results suggest that processing speed impairment is a trait dimension of the disorder related to specific cognitive dysfunctions and the severity of depression.
Journal Article
Author Correction: Structural and functional studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa DspI: implications for its role in DSF biosynthesis
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Journal Article
Thermally stable Ir/Ce0.9La0.1O2 catalyst for high temperature methane dry reforming reaction
In this study, the use of a thermally stable Ir/Ce0.9La0.1O2 catalyst was investigated for the dry reforming of methane. The doping of La203 into the CeO2 lattice enhanced the chemical and physical properties of the Ir/Ce0.9La0.1O2 catalyst, such as redox properties, Ir dispersion, oxygen storage capacity, and thermal stability, with respect to the Ir/CeO2 catalyst. Hence, the Ir/Ce0.9La0.1O2 catalyst exhibits higher activity and stabler performance for the dry reforming of methane than the Ir/CeO2 catalyst. This observation can be mainly attributed to the stronger interaction between the metal and support in the Ir/Ce0.9La0.1O2 catalyst stabilizing the catalyst structure and improving the oxygen storage capacity, leading to negligible aggregation of Ir nanoparticles and the Ce0.9La0.1O2 support at high temperatures, as well as the rapid removal of carbon deposits at the boundaries between the Ir metal and the Ce0.9La0.1O2 support.
Journal Article
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate regulates neurite initiation and dendrite morphogenesis via actin aggregation
Neurite initiation is critical for neuronal morphogenesis and early neural circuit development. Recent studies showed that local actin aggregation underneath the cell membrane determined the site of neurite initiation. An immediately arising question is what signaling mechanism initiated actin aggregation. Here we demonstrate that local clustering of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate （PI（3,4）P2）, a phospholipid with relatively few known signaling functions, is necessary and sufficient for aggregating actin and promoting neuritogenesis. In contrast, the related and more extensively studied phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or phosphatidylinositol （3,4,5）-trisphosphate （PIP3） molecules did not have such functions. Specifically, we showed that beads coated with PI（3,4）P2 promoted actin aggregation and neurite initiation, while pharmacological interference with PI（3,4）P2 synthesis inhibited both processes. PI（3,4）P2 clustering occurred even when actin aggregation was pharmacologically blocked, demonstrating that PI（3,4）P2 functioned as the upstream signaling molecule. Two enzymes critical for PI（3,4）P2 generation, namely, SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase and class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase a, were complementarily and non-redundantly required for actin aggregation and neuritogenesis, as well as for subsequent dendritogenesis. Finally, we demonstrate that neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and the Arp2/3 complex functioned downstream of PI（3,4）P2 to mediate neuritogenesis and dendritogenesis. Together, our results identify PI（3,4）P2 as an important signaling molecule during early development and demonstrate its critical role in regulating actin aggregation and neuritogenesis.
Journal Article