Explore the vast range of titles available.

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of alprostadil in the treatment of hypertensive nephropathy. Seven online databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI] database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Information Resource Integration Service Platform [cqVIP], and China Biology Medicine Disc [SinoMed]) were searched from inception to January 31, 2022, and a set of clinical indicators for hypertensive nephropathy was selected. The main indicators were 24-h urinary protein, serum creatinine, endogenous serum creatinine clearance rate, blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C, and mean arterial pressure. The methodological quality of the included trials was analyzed using a risk of bias assessment according to the Cochrane Manual guidelines, and a meta-analysis was performed. A random-effects model was implemented to pool the results. A total of 20 randomized controlled trials involving 1441 patients with hypertensive nephropathy were included in this review. Our findings showed that alprostadil had a positive effect on 24-h urinary protein (mean difference [MD] = −0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−1.16, −0.42], P < 0.0001), serum creatinine (MD = −13.83, 95% CI [−19.34, −8.32], P < 0.00001), endogenous serum creatinine clearance rate (MD = 6.09, 95% CI [3.59, 8.59], P < 0.00001), blood urea nitrogen (MD = −6.42, 95% CI [−8.63, −4.21], P < 0.00001), cystatin C (MD = −0.26, 95% CI [−0.34, −0.18], P < 0.00001), and mean arterial pressure levels(MD = −13.65, 95% CI [−16.08, −11.21], P < 0.00001). Compared to conventional treatment alone, alprostadil combined with conventional treatment can improve renal function in patients with hypertensive nephropathy more effectively. However, additional large-scale, multicenter, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are needed to verify these results. This is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of alprostadil for hypertensive nephropathy, and the results may guide clinical practice.

Asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory disorder of the airways, and multiple studies have addressed the vital role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pathway in asthma, but its impact on ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced neutrophilic asthma remains unclear. Here, we explored this pathway’s effect on airway inflammation in neutrophilic asthma to clarify whether blocking this signaling could alleviate asthmatic airway inflammation. Using an established OVA-induced neutrophilic asthma mouse model, we provided asthmatic mice with a highly selective NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950, and a specific caspase-1 inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-cmk. Our results indicated that asthmatic mice exhibited increased airway hyperresponsiveness, neutrophil infiltration, and airway mucus hypersecretion, upregulated retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt) mRNA expression, and downregulated fork head box p3 (Foxp3) mRNA expression, which was concurrent with NLRP3 inflammasome activation and upregulation of caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 expression in lung. Treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors significantly attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, and reversed T helper 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cell imbalance in asthmatic mice. We propose that the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathway plays an important role in the pathological process of neutrophilic asthma and provides evidence that blocking this pathway could potentially be a treatment strategy to ameliorate airway inflammation in asthma after validation with future experimental and clinical studies.

The human microbiota influences physiology, disease, and metabolic reproduction. The origin of uterine bacteria is controversial. The main assumption is that the germs enter the uterine cavity from the vagina through the cervical canal, bloodstream, fallopian tubes, and gynecological surgical channels. Understanding the microbiota at various anatomical sites is critical to the female reproductive system and pregnancy. Today’s study focuses on the role of uterine bacteria in pregnancy and embryo implantation. According to our findings, the uterine microbiome influences embryo implantation and pregnancy outcome. Pregnancy is a natural, evolutionarily selected approach to human reproduction. During pregnancy, the microbiota of the reproductive tract changes, facilitating the maintenance of pregnancy, and the human immune system undergoes a series of changes that recognize and adapt to the non-self. From the beginning of pregnancy, a non-self fetus must establish a placenta of embryonic origin to protect itself and promote growth; the VMB tends to be more stable and lactobacillus-dominated in late gestation than in early gestation. Any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes in women (eclampsia). The presence of any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes (preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, etc.). In this work, we review the last decade of relevant research to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which the microbiota of the female reproductive tract influences female reproductive health. This work discusses the mechanisms associated with the reproductive tract microbiota and pregnancy immunity, as well as the impact of an abnormal microbiota on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Emphasis is placed on the characteristics and sources of the female vaginal, uterine, and placental microbiota and the importance of a well-stabilized local human microbiota and immune system for embryo implantation, placental development, fetal growth, and pregnancy outcome.

Hyperlipidemia is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular and endocrine diseases. However, effective approaches for treating this common metabolic disorder remain limited. Ginseng has traditionally been used as a natural medicine for invigorating energy or “Qi” and has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. A large number of studies have shown that ginsenosides, the main active ingredient of ginseng, have lipid-lowering effects. However, there remains a lack of systematic reviews detailing the molecular mechanisms by which ginsenosides reduce blood lipid levels, especially in relation to oxidative stress. For this article, research studies detailing the molecular mechanisms through which ginsenosides regulate oxidative stress and lower blood lipids in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and its related diseases (diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and atherosclerosis) were comprehensively reviewed. The relevant papers were search on seven literature databases. According to the studies reviewed, ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rg1, Rg3, Rh2, Rh4, and F2 inhibit oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and autophagy, and regulating the intestinal flora to alleviate high blood pressure and improve the body’s lipid status. These effects are related to the regulation of various signaling pathways, such as those of PPARα, Nrf2, mitogen-activated protein kinases, SIRT3/FOXO3/SOD, and AMPK/SIRT1. These findings suggest that ginseng is a natural medicine with lipid-lowering effects.

Objective Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a common and serious complication in preterm infants, significantly increasing the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether early intervention programs guided by the General Movement Optimality Score (GMOS), the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2), or their combination, are associated with superior motor development in preterm infants with PIVH compared to standard care. Methods In this prospective, stratified, randomized controlled trial, 103 preterm infants (gestational age < 37 weeks) with PIVH were screened. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 75 infants were enrolled, stratified by hemorrhage severity, and randomly allocated to one of four intervention groups: a Control group receiving standard early intervention; a GMOS group receiving standard intervention plus GMOS-guided therapy; a PDMS-2 group receiving standard intervention plus PDMS-2-guided therapy; and a GMOS + PDMS-2 group receiving standard intervention plus therapy guided by both tools. The primary outcomes, Fine Motor Quotient (FMQ) and Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ), were assessed using the PDMS-2 at corrected age (CA) 6 and 12 months. GMOS and general movements (GMs) were also evaluated at CA 1 and 3 months. Results The four groups were comparable at baseline regarding key demographic and perinatal factors, major neonatal morbidities, clinical course, and initial neuromotor assessment scores (all p > 0.05). While no significant differences were observed at CA 3 months, the GMOS + PDMS-2 group demonstrated a significantly higher FMQ than the Control group at CA 6 months (median difference: 7.5 points, p  = 0.006). By CA 12 months, significant differences emerged among the groups ( p  < 0.001 for both FMQ and GMQ), with large effect sizes (η 2  > 0.21). The GMOS + PDMS-2 group significantly outperformed both the Control group (FMQ median difference: 11.5 points; GMQ: 9.0 points; p  < 0.001) and the GMOS-only group (FMQ: 9.0 points; GMQ: 7.0 points; p  < 0.001). Conclusion A combined early intervention strategy, dynamically guided by both GMOS and PDMS-2, is associated with significantly superior motor outcomes at 12 months CA in preterm infants with mild PIVH compared to standard care or interventions guided by either tool alone, suggesting that this combined approach may represent a promising model for optimizing early motor outcomes at 12 months CA in this high-risk population.

Background This study evaluated the utility of serum NR1 and NR2 concentrations in identifying individuals with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and clinical high risk (CHR) as well as their correlations with clinical symptoms and cognitive domains. Methods This cross-sectional study compared peripheral blood NR1 and NR2 concentrations among the FES, CHR, and healthy control (HC) groups and examined their association with cognitive function. Serum concentrations of NR1 and NR2 subunits were measured using ELISA, and cognitive function was assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. Concentrations were compared among groups using the analysis of covariance or non-parametric tests and ROC curve analysis, and correlation was determined using the Pearson or Spearman method. Results A total of 41 FES cases, 34 CHR cases, and 41 HC were included in the study. Serum NR1 concentrations significantly varied among the three groups (Z = 16.19, P  < 0.001) and were significantly different between the FES group and the CHR (Z = -4.04, P  < 0.001) and HC groups (Z = -2.49, P  = 0.01). Additionally, serum NR2 concentration was significantly different between the CHR and HC groups (F = 5.37, P  = 0.02). In the FES group, serum NR1 concentration was negatively correlated with speed of processing ( r  = -0.41, P  = 0.02), whereas serum NR2 concentration was negatively correlated with verbal learning ( r  = -0.40, P  = 0.02). In the CHR group, serum NR1 concentration was positively correlated with the total MCCB score ( r  = 0.40, P  = 0.04). ROC curve analysis showed that NR2 level was better for discriminating FES (AUC: 69%; sensitivity: 56%; specificity: 85%; optimal cutoff value: 32.80 ng/mL) and CHR (AUC: 74%; sensitivity: 62%; specificity: 85%; optimal cutoff value: 32.77 ng/mL). Conclusions Serum NR1 and NR2 concentrations show potential for early identification of individuals with psychosis, but further validation is needed, and they are also correlated with cognition. Furthermore, serum NR2 concentration is more stable and serves as a promising objective biomarker for quantitative assessment.

The role of the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. Here we show that H3R expression is upregulated after I/R in two mouse models. H3R antagonists and H3R knockout attenuate I/R injury, which is reversed by an H3R-selective agonist. Interestingly, H1R and H2R antagonists, a histidine decarboxylase (HDC) inhibitor and HDC knockout all fail to compromise the protection by H3R blockade. H3R blockade inhibits mTOR phosphorylation and reinforces autophagy. The neuroprotection by H3R antagonism is reversed by 3-methyladenine and siRNA for Atg7 , and is diminished in Atg5 −/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Furthermore, the peptide Tat-H3R CT414-436 , which blocks CLIC4 binding with H3Rs, or siRNA for CLIC4 , further increases I/R-induced autophagy and protects against I/R injury. Therefore, H3R promotes I/R injury while its antagonism protects against ischaemic injury via histamine-independent mechanisms that involve suppressing H3R/CLIC4 binding-activated autophagy, suggesting that H3R inhibition is a therapeutic target for cerebral ischaemia. Histamine H3 receptor dysregulation is a hallmark of pathological conditions in the central nervous system, and H3 receptor antagonism is neuroprotective. Here Chen et al. show that histamine-independent H3 receptor activation can enhance neuronal cell death during cerebral ischaemia by suppressing autophagy.

The theoretical methods of humanistic care and scenario-based design are widely used in various urban construction designs. Based on the concept of humanistic care, this study conducts an in-depth research on the public space design of urban renewal projects and proposes a model for evaluating humanistic care. An emotion measurement method is proposed to comprehensively analyze subjective and objective emotion indicators using principal component analysis and Pearson correlation to realize the quantitative measurement and examination of humanistic care construction of public space. Combining AHP and Kano model to construct the humanistic care evaluation index system of public space design, defining the primary and secondary criteria of humanistic care in public space, and calculating the comprehensive evaluation score of humanistic care. Taking S City Riverside Park as the research object, we conducted an evaluation and analysis of the humanistic care construction of public spaces. The subject tourists showed less changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure indexes at the end of the tour, while the average heart rate decreased from 73.16 to 68.72 before the experiment, showing a significant difference (P=0.004<0.01). Positive mood scale and score scale scores showed significant differences (P<0.05), while negative mood scale did not show significant differences (P>0.05). The humanistic care evaluation index system evaluation has a final score of 3.5045, and the humanistic care environment in public space is not sufficient. Aiming at the humanistic care construction problems of public space faced by the urban renewal project represented by the S City Riverside Park, a coping strategy is proposed.

Presently, the teaching of interior design in most higher education institutions still uses more traditional and conservative teaching methods, which to some extent, hinders the reform of interior design teaching in the era of big data. Interior design originally required students to grasp the operation fully and use CAD, 3D, and other design software, which makes the operation of complex commands, and model construction diversity, difficult for students to learn. This situation still uses the traditional lecture-based indoctrination teaching can play a very small role. This paper first focuses on the field of interior design education, based on the background of the times, provides a deep overview of the current situation of the relevant research involved in interior design, and explains the purpose, ideas, content, and methods of this paper. Secondly, we use data mining technology to build a smart classroom to visually present interior design. Finally, a comparison experiment between the traditional teaching mode of interior design and the smart teaching mode of big data is carried out, and three groups of experimental subjects are investigated after nearly one month of teaching experience. The results of this study show that the big data wisdom teaching model proposed in this paper compared with the traditional teaching model, through the one-month teaching experience post-test results, the average increase of 7 points in school A, 11 points in school K, and 14 points in school Z. The wisdom teaching system based on big data built in this paper enhanced the relevance and initiative of interior design students’ learning, improved students’ interest in learning and classroom efficiency and promoted students’ comprehensive ability while playing a positive and active role.

Background Culture-based diagnostic methods cannot achieve rapid and precise diagnoses for the identification of multiple diarrhoeal pathogens (DPs). A high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system (HMGS) was adapted and evaluated for the simultaneous identification and differentiation of infectious DPs and a broad analysis of DP infection aetiology. Results DP-HMGS was highly sensitive and specific for DP detection compared with culture-based techniques and was similar to singleplex real-time PCR. The uniform level of sensitivity of DP-HMGS for all DPs allowed us to remap the aetiology of acute diarrhoeal infections in Shanghai, correcting incidences of massively underdiagnosed DP species with accuracy approaching that of sequencing-based methods. The most frequent DPs were enteropathogenic Escherichia coli , rotavirus and Campylobacter jejuni . DP-HMGS detected two additional causes of infectious diarrhoea that were previously missed by routine culture-based methods: enterohemorrhagic E. coli and Yersinia enterocolitica . We demonstrated the age dependence of specific DP distributions, especially the distributions of rotavirus, intestinal adenovirus and Clostridium difficile in paediatric patients as well as those of dominant bacterial infections in adults, with a distinct “top 3” pattern for each age group. Finally, the multiplexing capability and high sensitivity of DP-HMGS allowed the detection of infections co-induced by multiple pathogens (approximately 1/3 of the cases), with some DPs preferentially co-occurring as infectious agents. Conclusions DP-HMGS has been shown to be a rapid, specific, sensitive and appropriate method for the simultaneous screening/detection of polymicrobial DP infections in faecal specimens. Widespread use of DP-HMGS is likely to advance routine diagnostic and clinical studies on the aetiology of acute diarrhoea.