Explore the vast range of titles available.

IntroductionGlobal migration has steadily risen, with 16% of the UK population born abroad. Migrants (defined here as foreign-born individuals) face unique health risks, including potential higher rates and delays in diagnosis of infectious and non-communicable diseases, compounded by significant barriers to healthcare. UK Public Health guidelines recommend screening at-risk migrants, but primary care often faces significant challenges in achieving this, exacerbating health disparities. The Health Catch-UP! tool was developed as a novel digital, multidisease screening and catch-up vaccination solution to support primary care to identify at-risk adult migrants and offer individualised care. The tool has been shown to be acceptable and feasible and to increase migrant health screening in previous studies, but to facilitate use in routine care requires the development of an implementation package. This protocol describes the development and optimisation of an implementation package for Health Catch-UP! following the person-based approach (PBA), a participatory intervention development methodology, and evaluates our use of this methodological approach for migrant participants.Methods and analysisThrough engagement with both migrants and primary healthcare professionals (approximately 80–100 participants) via participatory workshops, focus groups and think-aloud interviews, the study aims to cocreate a comprehensive Health Catch-UP! implementation package. This package will encompass healthcare professional support materials, patient resources and potential Health Catch-UP! care pathways (delivery models), developed through iterative refinement based on user feedback and behavioural theory. The study will involve three linked phases (1) planning: formation of an academic–community coalition and cocreation of guiding principles, logic model and intervention planning table, (2) intervention development: focus groups and participatory workshops to coproduce prototype implementation materials and (3) intervention optimisation: think-aloud interviews to iteratively refine the final implementation package. An embedded mixed-methods evaluation of how we used the PBA will allow shared learning from the use of this methodology within the migrant health context.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval granted by the St George’s University Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 2024.0191). A community celebration event will be held to recognise contributions and to demonstrate impact.

Background Migrants to the UK face disproportionate risk of infections, non-communicable diseases, and under-immunisation compounded by healthcare access barriers. Current UK migrant screening strategies are unstandardised with poor implementation and low uptake. Health Catch-UP! is a collaboratively produced digital clinical decision support system that applies current guidelines (UKHSA and NICE) to provide primary care professionals with individualised multi-disease screening (7 infectious diseases/blood-borne viruses, 3 chronic parasitic infections, 3 non-communicable disease or risk factors) and catch-up vaccination prompts for migrant patients. Methods We carried out a mixed-methods process evaluation of Health Catch-UP! in two urban primary healthcare practices to integrate Health Catch-UP! into the electronic health record system of primary care, using the Medical Research Council framework for complex intervention evaluation. We collected quantitative data (demographics, patients screened, disease detection and catch-up vaccination rates) and qualitative participant interviews to explore acceptability and feasibility. Results Ninety-nine migrants were assessed by Health Catch-UP! across two sites (S1, S2). 96.0% ( n  = 97) had complete demographics coding with Asia 31.3% ( n  = 31) and Africa 25.2% ( n  = 25), the most common continents of birth (S1 n  = 92 [48.9% female ( n  = 44); mean age 60.6 years (SD 14.26)]; and S2 n  = 7 [85.7% male ( n  = 6); mean age 39.4 years (SD16.97)]. 61.6% ( n  = 61) of participants were eligible for screening for at least one condition and uptake of screening was high 86.9% ( n  = 53). Twelve new conditions were identified (12.1% of study population) including hepatitis C ( n  = 1), hypercholesteraemia ( n  = 6), pre-diabetes ( n  = 4), and diabetes ( n  = 1). Health Catch-UP! identified that 100% ( n  = 99) of patients had no immunisations recorded; however, subsequent catch-up vaccination uptake was poor (2.0%, n  = 1). Qualitative data supported acceptability and feasibility of Health Catch-UP! from staff and patient perspectives, and recommended Health Catch-UP! integration into routine care (e.g. NHS health checks) with an implementation package including staff and patient support materials, standardised care pathways (screening and catch-up vaccination, laboratory, and management), and financial incentivisation. Conclusions Clinical Decision Support Systems like Health Catch-UP! can improve disease detection and implementation of screening guidance for migrant patients but require robust testing, resourcing, and an effective implementation package to support both patients and staff.

The stainless steel 304 (SS304) and Grade 9 Titanium (3% Al-2.5% V) alloys have excellent resistance to corrosion, formability and weldability and are used in aviation, automobile, medical, etc. But conventional machining of these two superalloys is challenging and hence alternate, unconventional machining is the suitable method to machine these materials, and the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process is the most versatile process. To machine these superalloys effectively, proper selection of WEDM parameters is necessary to enhance the machinability of these alloys. Hence, in the current work, the effect of selected WEDM parameters like current, voltage, wire tension and rate of feed on material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), kerf, microhardness (HV) of the machined surfaces and job’s final job dimension was examined for the comparative machinability analysis of these two materials. The experiments were conducted using 4 factors with 3 levels as per the L9 Taguchi’s array, and from the results, the MRR varied from 7.7 to 25.6 mm 3 /min for SS304 and 11.6-32.9 mm 3 /min for Ti alloy. The Ra value varied from 2.132 to 3.236 µm and 2.388 to 3.054 µm for SS304 and Ti alloy, respectively. The hardness varies from 376 to 392 HV and 347 to 361 HV for SS304 and Ti alloy respectively. To improve the machinability of both metals, the input parameters were optimized accordingly. From the comparative machining studies, it was found that the Ti alloy showed better machinability than SS304 in terms of 24.4% higher MRR and 6.4% lower HV variation. At the same time, Ti alloy showed a higher 13.7% ‘Ra,’ 17.5% kerf, and 0.2% final dimension than SS304 at optimum WEDM conditions. The microstructure of the machined surfaces was examined using SEM images and a 3D profilometer to understand the variation of the surface finish.

Background & objectives: Mosquitoes are vectors of several important vector-borne diseases (VBDs) like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis (JE) and lymphatic filariasis (LF). Globally, these VBDs are of major public health concern including India. The information on vector mosquitoes from Thiruvarur district in Tamil Nadu state remains largely either unknown or undocumented. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to find out the seasonal variation in mosquitoes with special reference to dengue vectors in rural areas of Thiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: Surveillance of immature vector mosquitoes was undertaken from March 2018 to February 2019. The emerged adults were identified to find out the composition of mosquito species prevalent in the district. The seasonal variations of the mosquitoes especially dengue vectors were analysed for summer (March-July) spring (August-November) and winter (December-February) seasons in all the blocks of Thiruvarur district. Results: A total of 4879 mosquitoes emerged from the immature collection and the species identification revealed the prevalence of both vector and non-vector species. Five important mosquito vectors collected were -Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. gelidus, and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Other mosquito species collected were Lutzia fuscana, Anopheles barbirostris, An. subpictus, and Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus. During the spring season, the dengue vectors showed high indices of breateau index (BI), ranging from 16 to 120; besides, container index (CI) ranging from14.29 to 68.57 and pupal index (PI) from 53.33 to 295 among the study blocks. The major breeding sites were discarded plastic containers, discarded tyres, open sintex tanks (water storage tanks), cement tanks, discarded fibre box, pleated plastic sheets, tree holes, bamboo cut stumps, coconut spathe, and coconut shells. Interpretation & conclusion: The immature vector surveillance revealed seasonal variations in the entomological indices of Aedes breeding potential. The high indices observed indicate high Aedes breeding density and, therefore, a higher risk for dengue/chikungunya outbreaks in rural areas of Thiruvarur district. The present finding warrants intensive surveillance and follow up vector control measures to avert outbreaks and prevent vector-borne diseases. Health education and the community participation in awareness camps prior to monsoon and societal commitment will help in strengthening source reduction, anti-larval operations and anti-adult measures to tackle vector-borne diseases especially dengue.

Segmented ring transducers are widely used for low frequency, broadband, deep submergence applications. These transducers can be made out of piezoceramic wedges or slabs and metallic wedges. Higher diameter, low frequency transducers are generally made out of piezoceramic slabs and metal wedges due to ease of manufacture and low cost. In this paper, metal ceramic segmented ring transducers are modelled using ATILA, a finite element software for the design of underwater transducers. Transducer variants were modelled with different wedge and piezoceramic materials. Transducers modelled were manufactured, assembled and tested. Various stages of manufacture like piezoceramic stacking, transducer assembly, pre-stressing with fibre winding, and encapsulation are explained. Acoustic performances of the transducers manufactured were measured in an open tank and inside a pressurised vessel from 10 bar to 70 bar. Performance parameters like resonance frequency, transmitting voltage response and directivity were measured. Results indicate that the transducer has usable bandwidth of about two octaves and stable response. One of the transducers was also tested in a high pressure test facility at 600 bar to check its pressure withstanding capability.

The most technical problem solved by the intelligent inverters is that of balance in the energy supply and demand. Because of the increased power demands, there is a need for improved inverter efficiency, and for this, solar power forecasts would also boost. multiDiode topologies incorporate diode, flying capacitor, and H-bridge topologies. [...]the contribution from the solar cell/inverter is visually analysed and appears as a diagram. REFERENCES [1] Ammar Masaoud, Hew Wooi Ping,Saad Mekhilef, Member, IEEE,New Three-Phase Multilevel Inverter With Reduced Number of Power Electronic Components,IEEE TRANSAC- TIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 29, NO. 11, August 2014 [2] Meghdad Fazeli,Janaka B. Ekanayake,PaulM.Holland,Petar Igic, Member, IEEE,Exploiting PV Inverters to Support Local VoltageA Small-Signal Model,IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 29, NO. 2, June 2014. [3] Marcelo A. Perez,Steffen Bernet,Jose Rodriguez,Samir Kouro,Ricardo Lizana, Member, IEEE,Circuit Topologies, Modelling, Control Schemes and Applications of Modular Multilevel Converters,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,June 2014 [4] Md. Rabiul Islam, Youguang Guo,Jianguo Zhu, Senior Mem- ber, IEEE,A Multilevel Medium-Voltage Inverter for Step- Up-Transformer-Less Grid Connection of Photovoltaic Power Plants,IEEE Journal Of Photovoltaics, VOL. 4, NO. 3, May2014 [5] Nasrudin Abd.