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"Jia, Ying"
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Edge computing task scheduling mechanism based on multi-dimensional feature extraction and attention fusion
In the edge computing environment, when existing task scheduling algorithms allocate resources for tasks, the central host of edge computing consumes more energy and processes fewer tasks successfully. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an edge computing task scheduling mechanism based on multi-dimensional feature extraction and attention fusion (MFEAF). MFEAF achieves efficient fault prediction and fault-tolerant scheduling optimization by integrating graph attention network and temporal network modeling. In order to capture the dynamic dependency relationships between hosts, this paper adopts a multi-level graph neural network architecture that integrates graph convolution and graph attention mechanisms to extract features from the scheduling decisions and time state data of hosts. By dynamically adjusting the learning rate and cosine annealing strategy, redundant transfer is reduced and convergence efficiency is improved. The experimental results show that in terms of fault prediction performance, the F1 score of MFEAF reaches 0.9328. Compared with the latest method, the F1 score of our method has increased by 5.83%, the accuracy has improved by 9.27%, and the recall rate has increased by 2.46%. In terms of energy efficiency and task processing capability, the average energy consumption decreased by 5.0%, and the number of completed tasks increased by 12.0%. In terms of migration efficiency, the average migration time has been reduced by 50%, with a total migration time of only 19.79 seconds, a decrease of 51.3% compared to the suboptimal model. In terms of cost and fairness, containers have the lowest cost and the highest fairness index, reflecting the balance of resource allocation and high cost-effectiveness. In conclusion, MFEAF provides an efficient and adaptive solution for dynamic fault tolerance in edge computing environment.
Journal Article
Efficiency of Multifunctional Antibacterial Hydrogels for Chronic Wound Healing in Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review
Diabetic chronic wounds or amputation, which are complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), are a cause of great suffering for diabetics. In addition to the lack of oxygen, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced vascularization, microbial invasion is also a critical factor that induces non-healing chronic diabetic wounds, ie, wounds still remaining in the stage of inflammation, after which the wound tissue begins to age and becomes necrotic. To clear up the infection, alleviate the inflammation in the wound and prevent necrosis, many kinds of hydrogel have been fabricated to eliminate infections with pathogens. The unique properties of hydrogels make them ideally suited to wound dressings because they provide a moist environment for wound healing and act as a barrier against bacteria. This review article will mainly cover the recent developments and innovations of antibacterial hydrogels for diabetic chronic wound healing.
Journal Article
Interaction between BZR1 and PIF4 integrates brassinosteroid and environmental responses
Plant growth is coordinately regulated by environmental and hormonal signals. Brassinosteroid (BR) plays essential roles in growth regulation by light and temperature, but the interactions between BR and these environmental signals remain poorly understood at the molecular level. Here, we show that direct interaction between the dark- and heat-activated transcription factor phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) and the BR-activated transcription factor BZR1 integrates the hormonal and environmental signals. BZR1 and PIF4 interact with each other
in vitro
and
in vivo
, bind to nearly 2,000 common target genes, and synergistically regulate many of these target genes, including the PRE family helix–loop–helix factors required for promoting cell elongation. Genetic analysis indicates that BZR1 and PIFs are interdependent in promoting cell elongation in response to BR, darkness or heat. These results show that the BZR1–PIF4 interaction controls a core transcription network, enabling plant growth co-regulation by the steroid and environmental signals.
Wang and colleagues have uncovered a direct functional relationship between the brassinosteroid-activated transcription factor BZR1 and the light- and heat-sensitive transcription factor PIF4. This interplay integrates hormonal and environmental signals to modulate cell elongation during plant growth.
Journal Article
Shotgun metagenomics reveals both taxonomic and tryptophan pathway differences of gut microbiota in major depressive disorder patients
The microbiota-gut-brain axis, especially the microbial tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis and metabolism pathway (MiTBamp), may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, studies on the MiTBamp in MDD are lacking. The aim of the present study was to analyze the gut microbiota composition and the MiTBamp in MDD patients.
We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of stool samples from 26 MDD patients and 29 healthy controls (HCs). In addition to the microbiota community and the MiTBamp analyses, we also built a classification based on the Random Forests (RF) and Boruta algorithm to identify the gut microbiota as biomarkers for MDD.
The Bacteroidetes abundance was strongly reduced whereas that of Actinobacteria was significantly increased in the MDD patients compared with the abundance in the HCs. Most noteworthy, the MDD patients had increased levels of Bifidobacterium, which is commonly used as a probiotic. Four Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthologies (KOs) (K01817, K11358, K01626, K01667) abundances in the MiTBamp were significantly lower in the MDD group. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation between the K01626 abundance and the HAMD scores in the MDD group. Finally, RF classification at the genus level can achieve an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.890.
The present findings enabled a better understanding of the changes in gut microbiota and the related Trp pathway in MDD. Alterations of the gut microbiota may have the potential as biomarkers for distinguishing MDD patients form HCs.
Journal Article
TOC1–PIF4 interaction mediates the circadian gating of thermoresponsive growth in Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis
adapts to elevated temperature by promoting stem elongation and hyponastic growth through a temperature-responsive transcription factor PIF4. Here we show that the evening-expressed clock component TOC1 interacts with and inactivates PIF4, thereby suppressing thermoresponsive growth in the evening. We find that the expression of PIF4 target genes show circadian rhythms of thermosensitivity, with minimum responsiveness in the evening when TOC1 level is high. Loss of function of TOC1 and its close homologue PRR5 restores thermosensitivity in the evening, whereas TOC1 overexpression causes thermo insensitivity, demonstrating that TOC1 mediates the evening-specific inhibition of thermoresponses. We further show that PIF4 is required for thermoadaptation mediated by moderately elevated temperature. Our results demonstrate that the interaction between TOC1 and PIF4 mediates the circadian gating of thermoresponsive growth, which may serve to increase fitness by matching thermoresponsiveness with the day–night cycles of fluctuating temperature and light conditions.
The PIF4 transcription factor mediates the response of Arabidopsis seedlings to elevated temperature. Here the authors show that PIF4 interacts with the circadian clock component TOC1 which acts to suppress the PIF4-mediated temperature response in the evening.
Journal Article
Bacillus subtilis-Based Probiotic Improves Skeletal Health and Immunity in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress
The elevation of ambient temperature beyond the thermoneutral zone leads to heat stress, which is a growing health and welfare issue for homeothermic animals aiming to maintain relatively constant reproducibility and survivability. Particularly, global warming over the past decades has resulted in more hot days with more intense, frequent, and long-lasting heat waves, resulting in a global surge in animals suffering from heat stress. Heat stress causes pathophysiological changes in animals, increasing stress sensitivity and immunosuppression, consequently leading to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut) and related neuroinflammation. Probiotics, as well as prebiotics and synbiotics, have been used to prevent or reduce stress-induced negative effects on physiological and behavioral homeostasis in humans and various animals. The current data indicate dietary supplementation with a Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic has similar functions in poultry. This review highlights the recent findings on the effects of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis on skeletal health of broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. It provides insights to aid in the development of practical strategies for improving health and performance in poultry.
Journal Article
Cell elongation is regulated through a central circuit of interacting transcription factors in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl
As the major mechanism of plant growth and morphogenesis, cell elongation is controlled by many hormonal and environmental signals. How these signals are coordinated at the molecular level to ensure coherent cellular responses remains unclear. In this study, we illustrate a molecular circuit that integrates all major growth-regulating signals, including auxin, brassinosteroid, gibberellin, light, and temperature. Analyses of genome-wide targets, genetic and biochemical interactions demonstrate that the auxin-response factor ARF6, the light/temperature-regulated transcription factor PIF4, and the brassinosteroid-signaling transcription factor BZR1, interact with each other and cooperatively regulate large numbers of common target genes, but their DNA-binding activities are blocked by the gibberellin-inactivated repressor RGA. In addition, a tripartite HLH/bHLH module feedback regulates PIFs and additional bHLH factors that interact with ARF6, and thereby modulates auxin sensitivity according to developmental and environmental cues. Our results demonstrate a central growth-regulation circuit that integrates hormonal, environmental, and developmental controls of cell elongation in Arabidopsis hypocotyl. Plants can grow by making more cells or by increasing the size of these existing cells. Plant growth is carefully controlled, but it must be able to respond to changes in the plant's environment. Many different plant hormones and various signals from the environment—such as light and temperature—influence how and when a plant grows. The different signals that affect cell growth typically act via distinct pathways that change which genes are switched on or off inside the cells. However, the ways in which these different signals are coordinated by plants are not fully understood. Now, Oh et al. have looked at the genes that are switched on and off in response to all the major signals that regulate the growth of the first stem to emerge from the seed of Arabidopsis, a small flowering plant that is widely studied by plant biologists. Oh et al. found that the proteins that change gene expression in response to hormones or the environment bind to each other. These proteins, which are collectively called transcription factors, were also revealed to cooperate to regulate the expression of hundreds of genes: transcription factors have not been seen to behave in this way in plants before. By discovering a central mechanism that coordinates the different signals that control plant growth, these findings may guide future efforts to boost the yields of food crops and plants that are grown to make biofuels.
Journal Article