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Recently, there have been numerous motivations for organizations to adopt some sustainable practices that improve their environmental role, such as green human resource management (HRM). Green (HRM) is a practice that assists organizations in developing environmentally conscious strategies. It, in turn, leads to organizational sustainability through the sustainable use of their assets, thereby supporting their environmental performance and environmental innovation. Green HRM practices include green recruitment and selection, green training, green rewards, and green performance management. This study aims to identify practices that support organizations' capabilities to implement green goals that contribute to organizational sustainability. As well as identifying green practices and their impact on increasing green awareness among employees, improving their performance, and improving their environmental behavior, which helps in achieving organizational sustainability. And evaluating the effect of adopting green HRM in promoting organizational sustainability in travel agencies. Measuring the impact of green human resources management practices represented in green recruitment and selection, green training, green rewards, and green performance management on organizational sustainability in travel agencies category (A). Thus, to achieve the aim of the study; A questionnaire was designed and distributed to a random sample of managers and heads of departments in travel agencies category (A) in the governorates of Cairo and Giza to identify the degree of adoption of (HRM) practices, as well as to assess the degree of organizational sustainability in those companies. Data will be analyzed using SPSS V.25 and AMOS V.26 software. The study concluded with a set of results, the most important of these results is the need to use Green (HRM) to enhance organizational sustainability in travel agencies category (A).

Cultural heritage tourism for dementia helps heritage sites and the local community culturally, socially and economically. This economic potential, in turn, is a significant motivator for local communities to cherish and conserve heritage. However, the development potential and good influence of cultural tourism are not taken for granted. Good management is critical to accomplishing cultural tourism objectives while minimizing potential dangers. To survive, any archeological site must be cared for, preserved, and maintained. In many parts of the world, particularly developing countries, maintaining cultural heritage and devoting resources for this purpose is considered as a luxury and hence not a priority, and leveraging tourism to produce revenue could be a solution to this funding gap. When a site is closed to the public and visitors, it tends to degrade more. A facility that generates no money is less likely to obtain funds for maintenance, preservation, and conservation efforts. Furthermore, because closed facilities are frequently abandoned, they are more susceptible to looting. Perhaps more importantly, as a result of this desertion, the local community may forget the value and significance of the location. As a result, boosting knowledge of dementia's tourism at heritage sites has a significant positive impact.

The trend towards green marketing has grown among companies that wish to stay competitive in their respective industries, many organizations are making attempts to increase the environmental footprints of their business activities. The present study examines the impact of green marketing mix on purchase intention. The study data is collected using questionnaire that has completed by 410 tourists who visited Luxor. The results indicate that tourists' purchasing intentions are positively influenced by the green marketing mix and prefer it over the traditional mix. Finally, this study recommends switching to the use tourist green marketing mix in Luxor.

Dementia tourism or tourists with dementia is one of the modern patterns of tourism, and its importance in terms of the potential benefits, it will bring to the Egyptian tourist destination, as it will help preserve tourist places to bring more tourists with dementia inside Egypt in addition to the financial returns that it will bring, as well as maximizing Egypt's reputation. As a tourist destination, in addition, it contributes positively to developing and improving the quality of the standards required of Egypt as a tourist destination in line with the international standards required for this type of tourism. Therefore, developing the standards required to attract this type, such as accommodation and transportation within Egypt as a tourist destination for tourists with dementia, is one of the most important points for study. Therefore, 500 questionnaires were distributed to several travel agencies to determine the availability of these elements within Egypt, and this survey produced important results in this regard.

The study focuses on determining the impact of delegating leadership on organizational excellence in destination management organizations and airlines. The study measures the level of applying delegating leadership in these organizations; it also determines the level of organizational excellence. To achieve the study aims, a questionnaire form was designed and distributed to the study sample. Likert scale was used to measure the respondents' answers. The data analyzed of 398 questionnaires using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) for Windows V.22.0. Correlation and regression tests were used as a form of explanatory research to expose the possible significance of these relationships. Delegating leadership was measured by four dimensions related to (People, Planning, Process, and Control), and organizational excellence was also measured by four dimensions (satisfaction, technology deployment, product quality, and competitiveness). The study revealed that there is a relationship between delegating leadership and organizational excellence in tourism organizations and delegating leadership affects organizational excellence in tourism organizations. Results hold important implications for both the research community and destination management organizations and airlines.

SCUBA Diving Tourism (SDT) is a growing form of tourism reflecting positively on the economy of coastal communities. However, any negative impacts associated with SDT need to be prevented to safeguard the critical ecosystem services provided by coral reefs. This study provides insights into the problems affecting the sustainability of the SDT industry. So, the present study examines the effect of coral reefs conservation on SDT sustainability in Red Sea, Egypt. The study data is collected using questionnaires completed by 105 diving center's managers working in Red Sea governorate. The results of this study indicate that coral reefs conservation is positively related to SDT sustainability (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant predictive relationship (p < 0.05) is found between coral reefs conservation and SDT sustainability, with variability of 66.6%. These findings highlight the importance of natural resources conservation, and emphasize the need to effective management tools to guarantee the sustainability of SDT. Finally, this study discusses managerial implications, introduces recommendations to enhance sustainability include actions ranging from engagement in planning and management to education and social responsibility, and presents suggestions for future research.

Volunteer tourism as an alternative to mass tourism has grown significantly since the 1980s, sparking research interest in the subject. Existing research has focused primarily on the benefits of volunteer tourism and many studies have simply involved profiling volunteers or investigating their motivations. However, there are numerous possible negative impacts of volunteer tourism that deserve increased attention from both researchers and project managers. Therefore, the present paper attempts to overcome this limitation since its main purpose is to explore the potential negative impacts of volunteer tourism. Moreover, the research aims to identify the main source of negative impacts during stages of developing the volunteer process. In addition, this study sheds light on the negative impacts that volunteer tourism can have on host communities. Thus, in order to achieve these goals, e-mail interviews arc conducted with a representative sample of the supply side of volunteer tourism (30 experts from destinations) and a sample of the demand side (60 organizations of volunteer tourism). The results reveal that the main possible negative impacts are represented at host communities; such impacts could be classified into cultural, environmental and economic. This study clearly indicates that the main sources of. negative impacts can happen during developing and carrying out programs. Interestingly, the findings also illustrate that there are negative impacts resulting from the volunteer tourists' characteristics and attitudes. Accordingly, the results of this study would benefit organizations when developing their programs as well as host communities.

Nowadays, the tourism industry requires continuous investment into new technologies, preferably for mobile use, in order to keep attracting visitors\" and therefore, highlighting the need for destinations to be innovative. Therefore, such competitive environment impose the academics to make extra efforts to keep the industry on the track, so this study tries to explore the influence of combining Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality applications on tourist experience and investigate the benefits they get and the difficulties they experience while using such applications. A quantitative method was the most appropriate method for this study; a well-structured questionnaire was designed and distributed in national museum of natural history in Washington Dc. The findings reveal that Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality are promising technologies that can have wide impact on enhancing tourist experience before, and during the visits. This study recommends combining Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality together in order to maximize the exciting of tourists\" experience.

Social media content management has been one of the biggest challenges that organizations face. Content marketing management is a digital way to manage the marketing message to the online audience, and this necessarily requires having a clear online strategy to define the smart objectives, the action plans, the tasks, and the key performance indicators framework. This research examines the assessment of Egyptian Tourism Authority social media content management by using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The collecting data of this research is gathered from ETA's social media platforms (Facebook page insights, Twitter Analytics, Instagram, and YouTube Analytics), comparing those social media platforms with some of ETA's competitors, and distributing 35 questionnaire forms on a sample of the ETA's official. The KPIs framework which is used in this research consists of five stages: Expose, Attract, Engage, Retain, and finally Influence. The results of this study have been presented according to those both approaches; content analysis and Netnography research. Those results demonstrate that ETA did not have an online strategy, smart objectives, and a KPI framework to measure its social media performance. Furthermore, there is a lack of the ETA's officials' awareness level about KPIs and social media content management.