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Recent studies have documented high variation in epidemiologic transition levels among Indian states with noncommunicable disease epidemic rising swiftly. However, the estimates suffer from non-availability of reliable data for NCDs from sub populations. In order to fill the knowledge gap, the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors were studied along with awareness, treatment and control of NCDs among the adult population in Haryana, India. NCD risk factors survey was conducted among 5078 residents, aged 18-69 years during 2016-17. Behavioural risk factors were assessed using STEPS instrument, administered through an android software (mSTEPS). This was followed by physical measurements using standard protocols. Finally, biological risk factors were determined through the analysis of serum and urine samples. Males were found to be consuming tobacco and alcohol at higher rates of 38.9% (95% CI: 35.3-42.4) and 18.8% (95% CI: 15.8-21.8). One- tenth (11%) (95% CI: 8.6-13.4) of the respondents did not meet the specified WHO recommendations for physical activity for health. Around 35.2% (95%CI: 32.6-37.7) were overweight or obese. Hypertension and diabetes were prevalent at 26.2% (95% CI: 24.6-27.8) and 15.5% (95% CI: 11.0-20.0). 91.3% (95% CI: 89.3-93.3) of the population had higher salt intake than recommended 5gms per day. The documentation of strikingly high and uniform distribution of different NCDs and their risk factors in state warrants urgent need for evidence based interventions and advocacy of policy measures.

Biomaterial science is an expanding area, which encompasses a wide range of medical knowledge involving arthroplasty, cochlear implants, heart valves designing, lenses, dental fixation and tissue engineering. Within this context, in vitro cell culture on polymer scaffolds is one of the adopted strategies for tissue creation. It consists of a specific cell line that is seeded onto a particular substrate. This scaffold should provide excellent biocompatibility, controllable biodegradability, appropriate mechanical strength, flexibility as well as the ability to absorb body fluids for delivery of nutrients. Collagen certainly fulfils these demands; therefore, it is often chosen as a biomaterial. Moreover, this protein is abundant in the animal kingdom and plays a vital role in biological functions, such as tissue formation, cell attachment and proliferation.

Research has demonstrated the possible therapeutic values of tetracycline hydrochloride (TTC-HCl) conditioning of the root surfaces with the use of membranes for G.T.R. to enhance new connective tissue attachment on the root surface. To evaluate the clinical outcomes of utilizing the bioresorbable membrane in the intrabony defects with and without the use of TTC-HCl root conditioning A case-control study. Department of Periodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut Uttar Pradesh, India.. 20 patients Random sampling. Data entry and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 10. Unpaired student \"t\" test was applied On comparing the values of pocket depth(PD) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) of Group A and Group B patients at baseline, 3 and 6 months, a decrease in the PD and gains in CAL after the treatment were observed. Intergroup comparison of the treatment outcomes on PD and CAL revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. It was concluded that combining GTR technique with the TTC-HCl root conditioning does not improve the results in terms of clinical outcomes. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Background: Research has demonstrated the possible therapeutic values of tetracycline hydrochloride (TTC-HCl) conditioning of the root surfaces with the use of membranes for G.T.R. to enhance new connective tissue attachment on the root surface. Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of utilizing the bioresorbable membrane in the intrabony defects with and without the use of TTC-HCl root conditioning Study design: A case-control study. Setting: Department of Periodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut Uttar Pradesh, India.. Participants: 20 patients Sampling: Random sampling. Statistical Analysis: Data entry and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 10. Unpaired student “t” test was applied Results: On comparing the values of pocket depth(PD) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) of Group A and Group B patients at baseline, 3 and 6 months, a decrease in the PD and gains in CAL after the treatment were observed. Intergroup comparison of the treatment outcomes on PD and CAL revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that combining GTR technique with the TTC-HCl root conditioning does not improve the results in terms of clinical outcomes.

Antenatal care is of the four most important pillars of safe motherhood along with family planning, safe delivery, and essential obstetric carel The safe motherhood initiative proclaims that all pregnant women must receive basic professional antenatal care. The study aims to assess antenatal care scenario among pregnant women of periurban area of Aligarh. A community based study. Field practice areas of Urban Health Training Center Department of Community Medicine, JNMCH, AMU Aligarh. 200 pregnant women Purposive sampling method. Data analysed with Epi Info version 3.5.1. Percentages, and Chi Square Test used. Majority of pregnant women (75%) had more than one live issue. 58 (29%) pregnant women were registered for antenatal care (χ^sup 2^=0.87, p-value>0.05). 33(16.5%) of total pregnant women had three or more antenatal checkups (χ^sup 2^=0.33, p-value >0.05). Whereas 25(12.5%) of total pregnant women had less than three antenatal checkups (χ^sup 2^=0.41, p-value>0.05). 13(7.5%) pregnant women received Iron Folic Acid(IFA) supplement for equal or more than 3 months (χ^sup 2^=0.08, p-value>0.05). 45(22.5%) pregnant women received IFA supplement for lees than 3 months (χ^sup 2^=0.72, p-value>0.05). Tetanus Toxoid (TT) immunization coverage (2 doses) was 43.5% (χ^sup 2^=0.18, p-value>0.05). 67 (33.5%) pregnant women received only single dose of TT immunization (χ^sup 2^=0.20, p-value>0.05). It was concluded that the overall antenatal care level was poor in peri-urban area of Aligarh.

Background Recent studies have documented high variation in epidemiologic transition levels among Indian states with noncommunicable disease epidemic rising swiftly. However, the estimates suffer from non-availability of reliable data for NCDs from sub populations. In order to fill the knowledge gap, the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors were studied along with awareness, treatment and control of NCDs among the adult population in Haryana, India. Methods NCD risk factors survey was conducted among 5078 residents, aged 18-69 years during 2016-17. Behavioural risk factors were assessed using STEPS instrument, administered through an android software (mSTEPS). This was followed by physical measurements using standard protocols. Finally, biological risk factors were determined through the analysis of serum and urine samples. Results Males were found to be consuming tobacco and alcohol at higher rates of 38.9% (95% CI: 35.3-42.4) and 18.8% (95% CI: 15.8- 21.8). One- tenth (11%) (95% CI: 8.6-13.4) of the respondents did not meet the specified WHO recommendations for physical activity for health. Around 35.2% (95%CI: 32.6-37.7) were overweight or obese. Hypertension and diabetes were prevalent at 26.2% (95% CI: 24.6-27.8) and 15.5% (95% CI: 11.0-20.0). 91.3% (95% CI: 89.3- 93.3) of the population had higher salt intake than recommended 5gms per day. Conclusion The documentation of strikingly high and uniform distribution of different NCDs and their risk factors in state warrants urgent need for evidence based interventions and advocacy of policy measures.

Humanity is in more danger from escalating greenhouse gas (G.H.G.) emissions, making the world warmer. The study examined the relationship between China's environmental technologies, ecological innovation, and carbon emissions using time-series data from 1975 to 2020. The N.A.R.D.L. approach is used to examine the cointegration of variables in the short and long run. In the short run, environmental technologies, industrialisation (I.N.D.), positive shocks to natural resource depletion (N.R.D.), negative shocks to renewable energy (R.E.) use, and technical advancements affect carbon emissions. On the other hand, positive shocks to environmental technologies and financial development (F.D.), negative shocks to N.R.D., R.E. consumption (E.C.), and technical innovation all have a long-term effect on carbon emissions. Granger causality was used to examine the causal link between variables. According to the findings, environmental technologies, F.D., technical innovation, N.R.D., and economic growth (E.G.) cause carbon emissions. The impulse response function revealed an inverse link between asymmetric environmental technology and carbon emissions. In contrast, F.D. and N.R.D. directly affect environmental degradation over time. The outcome of the variance decomposition revealed that negative shocks of F.D. would likely exert greater pressure on achieving sustainable environmental agenda. Investment in environmental technology, F.D., technological innovation and R.E. should be encouraged by the Chinese government to achieve sustainable prosperity.

Cisplatin (CP) is a well-known anticancer drug used to effectively treat various kinds of solid tumors. CP causes acute kidney injury (AKI) and unfortunately, there is no therapeutic approach in hand to prevent AKI. Several signaling pathways are responsible for inducing AKI which leads to inflammation in proximal convoluted tubule cells in the kidney. Furthermore, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the CP-induced AKI. In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) against inflammation-induced AKI. RA was orally administered at the dose of 100 mg/kg for two consecutive days after 24 h of a single injection of CP at the dose of 20 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally in Swiss albino male mice. Treatment of RA inhibited the activation of NLRP3 signaling pathway by blocking the activated caspase-1 and downstream signal molecules such as IL-1β and IL18. CP activated HMGB1-TLR4/MyD88 axis was also found to be downregulated with the RA treatment. Activation of nuclear factor-κB and elevated protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were also found to be downregulated in RA-treated animals. Alteration of early tubular injury biomarker, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), was found to be subsided in RA-treated mice. RA has been earlier reported for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Our findings show that blocking a critical step of inflammasome signaling pathway by RA treatment can be a novel and beneficial approach to prevent the CP-induced AKI.