Journal Article

Non-communicable diseases risk factors and their determinants: A cross-sectional state-wide STEPS survey, Haryana, North India

Nangia, Ria, Saran, Rajiv, Jain, Sanjay, Lyngdoh, Tanica, Kumar, Vivek, Grover, Sandeep, Thakur, JS, Verma, Ramesh, Jeet, Gursimer, Singh, Divya, Pal, Arnab, Khan, Mohd. Haroon, Aggarwal, Ramnika, Gupta, K. L.

2019

Overview

Recent studies have documented high variation in epidemiologic transition levels among Indian states with noncommunicable disease epidemic rising swiftly. However, the estimates suffer from non-availability of reliable data for NCDs from sub populations. In order to fill the knowledge gap, the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors were studied along with awareness, treatment and control of NCDs among the adult population in Haryana, India. NCD risk factors survey was conducted among 5078 residents, aged 18-69 years during 2016-17. Behavioural risk factors were assessed using STEPS instrument, administered through an android software (mSTEPS). This was followed by physical measurements using standard protocols. Finally, biological risk factors were determined through the analysis of serum and urine samples. Males were found to be consuming tobacco and alcohol at higher rates of 38.9% (95% CI: 35.3-42.4) and 18.8% (95% CI: 15.8-21.8). One- tenth (11%) (95% CI: 8.6-13.4) of the respondents did not meet the specified WHO recommendations for physical activity for health. Around 35.2% (95%CI: 32.6-37.7) were overweight or obese. Hypertension and diabetes were prevalent at 26.2% (95% CI: 24.6-27.8) and 15.5% (95% CI: 11.0-20.0). 91.3% (95% CI: 89.3-93.3) of the population had higher salt intake than recommended 5gms per day. The documentation of strikingly high and uniform distribution of different NCDs and their risk factors in state warrants urgent need for evidence based interventions and advocacy of policy measures.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Alcohol use / Alcohols / Biology and Life Sciences / Body weight / Cardiovascular disease / Clinical medicine / Collaboration / Communicable diseases / Cross-Sectional Studies / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology / Disease prevention / Earth Sciences / Epidemics / Epidemiology / Exercise / Feasibility studies / Female / Health care / Health Risk Behaviors / Health risks / Health Surveys / Humans / Hypertension / Hypertension - epidemiology / India / India - epidemiology / Internal medicine / Male / Males / Medical education / Medical research / Medicine and Health Sciences / Mental health / Methyltestosterone / Middle Aged / Nephrology / Noncommunicable Diseases - epidemiology / Obesity / Obesity - epidemiology / Overweight / People and Places / Physical activity / Polls & surveys / Population / Prevalence / Preventive medicine / Public health / Research and Analysis Methods / Risk analysis / Risk Factors / Risk taking / Surveys / Task forces / Tobacco / Urine / Young Adult