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Advancements in acquiring, storing and processing information have led to a significant accumulation of large databases in the field of metagenomics—a branch of biology that deals with the study of genetic material directly recovered from environmental or clinical samples. The data collected from metagenomic experiments are massive and noisy, often containing fragmented information representing over 10,000 species. Processing and analyzing this data require software installed on supercomputers. In this paper, the authors present the design, development, and creation of a computational server system aimed at processing and analyzing bioinformatics data in metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene studies. They utilized the specialized software product Galaxy Europe for this purpose. The analysis was performed using the metagenomics-based method Targeted Amplicon Sequencing. The data was divided into three test collections in a special fasta file format. These collections were processed using the web-based Galaxy platform and two configuration variants on a high-performance cluster equipped with NVIDIA Tesla V100 32 GB GPU cards. The analysis process was optimized to reduce information processing time, and the parallel performance of the three different system configurations was investigated for the data used.

The ability of the polar bear (U. maritimus) to kill and consume conspecifics is accepted, but the reasons behind this behavior and its prevalence remain unclear. Here, we report 14 cases of intraspecific killing, cannibalism, and aggressive behaviors among polar bears observed in seven instances in the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea on Frans-Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, and Vize Island. All but one of the observations were made on land during the ice-free season. Perpetrators, when observable, were mostly thin. The hunger resulting from a failure to gain fat reserves in spring appears to motivate perpetrators, while bear aggregation on islands could facilitate successful intraspecific killing. Surprisingly, cases of intraspecific killing were observed even in years when sea-ice conditions in the previous spring were relatively good. In one case, the killing of a cub of the year in the spring by a large, fat male could hardly be explained by nutritional demands. This could be a case of sexually selected infanticide, as the killing of cubs during the mating season increases the male’s opportunity to breed.

The article presents the structure of the mathematical layer for digital twins (DT) of hazardous production facilities (HPF) operated by gas transportation enterprises. Mathematical models of technical device destructions, models to control parameters of technological processes are presented, the types of affecting factors which can influence the personnel of HPF are described, as well as a safety assessment model for the evacuation of personnel in the event of an accident or a fire. The presented structure of DT and models make it possible to adequately describe the features of HPF and optimise operational safety. The areas of application of digital twins in the production activities of a gas pipeline enterprise have been determined. To determine the most possible scenarios of accidents at HPF the presented models have been tested and implemented in the operational activities of JSC “Gazprom transgaz Tchaikovsky”.

A method is proposed for calculating the transverce stresses during uniaxial compression of geomaterial samples from the measured load and mutually perpendicular deformations. Analytical expressions connecting the indicated parameters are obtained. The dependences of the change in the calculated transverse stresses on time are plotted for various values of Poisson’s ratio. The difference in transverse stresses demonstrates a much greater sensitivity to mechanical stress than each transverse stress separately. Sharp changes in the values of the difference in transverse stresses are observed, which coincide with bursts of AE activity.

Using a multidetector system on the YuMO spectrometer allows shortening the time of measurements. The quantitative comparison of the measurement time using one and two-detector mode is done. The time range for experiments was from several minutes up to 12 hours. It was shown that two-detector system shortens more than twice the time of the measurement. While making a structural investigation using advanced software the two-detector system allows to treat the data at a qualitatively new level. An example illustrating the features of the channels choice and measurement time on the spectrometer was shown. The results of this paper could be used when planning the experiments on the YuMO spectrometer, for modernization of the installation and for equipment using time-of-flight method.

During the last years the new software instrumental complex Sonix+ has been developed at FLNP JINR to replace the former Sonix control system [1]. This complex has been tested at a number of IBR-2 instruments (REMUR, NERA-PR) and on instruments at other centers - KIA, Moscow (MOND), etc. We plan to install the new complex at the YuMO instrument as well. The Sonix+ is implemented on the PC/Windows XP platform, whereas the Sonix is based on the VME/Os-9 obsolete platform. The Sonix+ [1] has been designed considering the experience of long-term operation of the predecessor and recent trends. The paper is devoted to the main features of the new software and the comparison with the former one.

The article discusses one of the important environmental problems of the high-latitude Arctic - the anthropogenic impact on the species composition of the communities and their ecological state. The paper proposes an experiment to assess the capacity of the Arctic communities to recreational effects. The research was conducted in Tikhaya Bay, Hooker Island, Franz Josef Land archipelago. In the course of the experiment, five test paths were made with a load imitating the real impact. During two seasons, test paths were assessed at the beginning and the end of the season using three parameters: botanical diversity, turf disintegration process, and soil processes. Diagnostic indicators for assessing the disturbance of the state of the paths with assigned points of negative consequences were developed. According to the results of the research, the permissible anthropogenic load on typical communities of this territory was determined.

There is insufficient data on the direct use of grain legumes as protein sources in the feeding of ruminants and, in particular, of sheep and lambs. The purpose of this study is to track the growth and consumption of feed for breeding female lambs of 19.4 kg weight when replacing sunflower meal \"Sunpro 46\" with a high protein content, with peas and thermally treated soybean grains. 30 female lambs of Pleven Black Head breed were used for 3 groups corresponding to three types of rations, respectively with the participation of \"Sunpro-46\" and grains of soybean and peas as protein sources. Lambs from all three groups received an equal amount of compound feed of 18% protein content. It was found that the thermally treated soybean and pea grains as protein sources in compound feed has the same impact as \"Sunpro-46\"on the weight development of female lambs for breeding with weight from 19 kg to 28 kg. An average daily weight gain of 0,205-0,209 kg for female lambs was obtained for all types of rations. Feed intake per 1 kg weight gain was 4.9 kg DM, regardless of the protein source in the ration.

SANS measurements using unpolarized neutron beams are able to provide quantitative information on the magnetic microstructure and the magnitude and microstructure of the magnetic anisotropy of nanomagnetic materials. A new magnetic system for SANS at the YUMO spectrometer is presented. The system includes 2.5 T electromagnet established on a two-axes goniometric table, a power supply, cooling system, PC based control equipment. Main features of magnetic system are: changeable gap for samples (up to 130 mm size), computer controlled horizontal and vertical rotation and sufficiently big space for the sample holders. First results of SANS experiments of ferrofluids and magnetic elastomers obtained at YuMO spectrometer equipped with the new magnetic system are presented.

The paper presents the results of defining the content of fine-grained fractions and nanofractions in mining wastes and the correlation equations for express estimate of powder dispensability. The authors discuss the non-uniqueness of the “fine-grained mineral particles and nanoparticles” notions in scientific literature.