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"Knopf, Karl G"
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Monitoring Gene Therapy with Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase in Hepatoma Cells: Uptake of Specific Substrates
This study investigates the application of PET with specific substrates for the assessment of enzyme activity after transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene.
After transfection of a rat hepatoma cell line with a retroviral vector containing the HSV-tk gene, different clones were established by G418 selection. Uptake measurements were performed up to 48 hr in a TK-expressing cell line and in a control cell line using thymidine (TdR; measured under therapy conditions), fluorodeoxycytidine (FdCyt) and ganciclovir (GCV). Additionally, bystander experiments and inhibition/competition studies were done.
In TK-expressing cells GCV treatment caused an increased (up to 250%) TdR uptake in the acid-soluble fraction and a decrease to 5.5% in the acid-insoluble fraction. The FdCyt uptake was higher in the TK-expressing cells than in controls with a maximum after 4 hr (12-fold and 3-fold higher in the acid-insoluble and acid-soluble fraction). GCV accumulated up to 180-fold more in the acid-insoluble and 26-fold more in the acid-soluble fraction. GCV uptake occurred mainly by the nucleoside transport systems. Bystander experiments revealed a relation between growth inhibition or GCV uptake and the amount of TK-expressing cells. GCV uptake and growth inhibition were correlated with r = 0.96.
Assessment of GCV accumulation may serve as an indicator of the enzyme activity and of therapy outcome. TdR may be useful to measure therapy effects on DNA synthesis, whereas the potential of FdCyt has to be investigated in further studies.
Journal Article
Ab wheel workouts : 50 exercises to stretch and strengthen your abs, core, arms, back and legs
Supercharge your core workout, and achieve the ripped, rock-hard abs you've always wanted! An ab wheel is a simple, compact piece of equipment that helps with intense muscle building and fast fat burning. This guide provides exercises and six progressive training programs.
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Foam roller workbook : illustrated step-by-step guide to stretching, strengthening and rehabilitative techniques
\"Amplify your stretches and exercise using the foam roller. Once used exclusively in physical therapy settings, the foam roller has made its way into yoga and pilates studios, gyms and homes. With this simple device, you can: Improve core strength, Increase flexibility, Release tension, Alleviate pain, Rehabilitate injuries. Foam Roller Workout offers 50 effective exercises paired with clear captions and step-by-step photos that will help you roll your way to better posture, balance and relaxation. In addition, special programs will enhance your sporting life, whether you hit the track, the court, or the slopes\" -- Back jacket.
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Resistance band workbook : illustrated step-by-step guide to stretching, strengthening and rehabilitative techniques
\"First used in physical therapy to introduce low-intensity strength training for rehabilitating patients, today bands come in all levels of resistance and are perfect for targeting and working every major muscle group.\" --Amazon.com.
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Stretching for 50+ : a customized program for increasing flexibility, avoiding injury and enjoying an active lifestyle
Just ten minutes a day of these modified stretches is guaranteed to help you improve your mobility without pain or injury. Stretching for 50+ is filled with safe, easy routines for any age. Learn warm-ups and cool-downs, use tools like a strap, therapy balls and foam rollers, and discover plenty of other fitness tips to keep you moving.-- Source other than Library of Congress.
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Make the pool your gym : no-impact water workouts for getting fit, building strength and rehabbing from injury
\"Once used primarily for rehabilitation, water exercise has been proven to build strength, improve cardiovascular fitness and burn calories--all without the strain and trauma of land-based activities. This flexible training tool can help you: Improve muscular strength; Increase flexibility; Enhance cardiovascular fitness; Alleviate pain; Rehabilitate injuries. With step-by-step instructions and clear photos, Make the Pool Your Gym shows how to create the effective and efficient workout best suited to your needs. Whether you're a non-swimmer, an elite athlete or someone with a chronic condition, you can make a splash in your fitness level without even getting your hair wet.\"--P. [4] of cover.
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