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Objectives: To review the current research status of the neuroimaging of aphasia through CiteSpace, and reveal the hotspots and frontiers of research in this field. Methods: We searched articles related to the neuroimaging research on aphasia since Web of Science (WOS) database construction and extracted the data. CiteSpace was used for the country/institution analysis, journal analysis, discipline analysis, burst keyword analysis and cited-reference cluster analysis. Results: Of the studies retrieved from WOS, 2922 studies that related to the neuroimaging of aphasia were screened and finally included 2799 articles for research. The United States of America and University of California San Francisco were the main countries and institutions in this field. Brain had the highest impact factor in both published and cited journals. Through the discipline and topic analysis of this field, the most common category was Neurosciences & Neurology. The keyword with the strongest citation strength was ‘functional connectivity’, and the recent burst keywords were ‘functional connectivity’ and ‘network’. The cocitation network showed seven clusters greater than 100. Among the top 5 clusters, the most recently formed cluster, Cluster #2 (progressive supranuclear palsy), had an average year of 2017. The literature in the top 5 clusters mainly focused on 3 aspects, specifically, the discovery of language processing models, injury and recovery mechanisms of poststroke aphasia (PSA), and diagnosis of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants. Conclusions: The results of this bibliometric study revealed the following three research hotspots in the neuroimaging of aphasia: clarifying the connotation of the most recognized language processing model, the dual-stream model, exploring the injury mechanism based on the dual-stream model and the recovery mechanism involving the left and right hemispheres of PSA, and determining the diagnostic criteria for PPA variants. A major research trend is to combine new neuroimaging technology, such as PET tracer technology, to realize the visual presentation of disease-specific proteins to improve the pathological diagnostic criteria of PPA variants. Accordingly, a visualized analysis of literature that uses CiteSpace provides a more rapid, repeatable and flexible method, which is more conducive to capturing research hotspots and emerging trends.

Plain language summary Alterations in the gut microbiota may influence language recovery in patients with poststroke aphasia Aphasia is one of the most common complications of stroke, affecting approximately one-third of stroke survivors. Poststroke aphasia (PSA) is associated with more severe strokes, higher mortality, slower functional recovery, and greater healthcare costs compared to stroke patients without PSA. The unique characteristics of human language, which cannot be fully replicated in animal models, present a significant barrier to exploring the pathogenesis of PSA. Consequently, understanding the underlying neural pathways and identifying novel therapeutic targets is critically important. Recent evidence highlights the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain, referred to as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Our prior studies have demonstrated gut microbiota imbalances in patients with acute ischemic stroke, which significantly influence outcomes and prognosis. Considering the marked differences in disease severity and long-term prognosis between PSA patients and non-PSA patients, we hypothesized that variations in the microbiota-gut-brain axis might be linked to language function. To test this hypothesis, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 16S rDNA sequencing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to explore differences in gut microbiota composition, neuroendocrine-immune network (NEI) network indicators, and brain network topology among PSA patients, non-PSA patients, and healthy controls (HCs). Our findings revealed that PSA patients, compared to non-PSA patients and HCs, exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis, increased inflammatory responses, abnormal secretion of brain-gut peptides, and early activation of homologous language-related regions in the right hemisphere. These results provide new insights into the role of the gut microbiota in language recovery in PSA and highlight the gut microbiota as a promising therapeutic target for this condition.

Drinking water pipe biofilms, comprising viable microorganisms, microbial residues, and organic/inorganic particulates, pose significant risks to water safety by promoting the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens, pipe corrosion, and degradation of water quality. Their formation is strongly influenced by environmental conditions within the piping system. However, there is a lack of systematic research investigating the potential correlations between biofilm microbiota and the oral microbiomes of intensively farmed swine, as well as the age-dependent regulatory mechanisms shaping aquatic microbial communities. This pioneering study conducted a comparative analysis of biofilm microbiota from swine house water pipes and oral microbiomes across three growth stages (30-day BBF, 70-day NBF, and 110-day FBF groups), yielding three key findings. First, the biofilm biomass and dominant bacterial genera (e.g., Brevibacterium in BBF vs. Brevundimonas in FBF) exhibited stage-specific variations associated with swine age. Second, while the oral microbiomes showed no significant taxonomic divergence at the phylum or genus level, they shared characteristic phyla, including Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, with pipe biofilms, indicating potential cross-habitat microbial interactions. Third, the antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) adeF was consistently detected at high prevalence across all biofilm groups. These findings offer new insights into microbial transmission dynamics and inform risk mitigation strategies for livestock water supply systems.

Xixin Decoction (XXD) is a classical formula that has been used to effectively treat dementia for over 300 years. Modern clinical studies have demonstrated its significant therapeutic effects in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) without notable adverse reactions. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain to be elucidated. This investigation sought to elucidate XXD's impact on various aspects of AD pathology, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment, neuroinflammatory processes, and amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, as well as the molecular pathways involved in these effects. experiments were conducted using hCMEC/D3 and HBVP cell coculture to establish an blood-brain barrier (BBB) model. BBB damage was induced in this model by 24-h exposure to 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment with 10% XXD-medicated serum, the effects of XXD were assessed through Western blotting, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence techniques. , SAMP8 mice were administered various doses of XXD via gavage for 8 weeks, including high-dose XXD group (H-XXD) at 5.07 g kg ·d , medium-dose XXD group (M-XXD) at 2.535 g kg ·d , and low-dose XXD group (L-XXD) at 1.2675 g kg ·d . Cognitive function was subsequently evaluated using the Morris water maze test. BBB integrity was evaluated using Evans blue staining, and protein expression levels were analyzed via ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. experiments revealed that XXD-containing serum, when cultured for 24, 48, and 72 h, could upregulate the expression of P-gp mRNA and protein, downregulate CB1 protein expression, and upregulate CB2 and Mfsd2a protein expression. studies demonstrated that XXD improved spatial learning and memory abilities in SAMP8 mice, reduced the amount of Evans blue extravasation in brain tissues, modulated the BBB-associated P-gp/ECS axis, RAGE/LRP1 receptor system, as well as MRP2 and Mfsd2a proteins, and decreased the accumulation of Aβ in the brains of SAMP8 mice. Additionally, XXD upregulated the expression of TREM2, downregulated IBA1, TLR1, TLR2, and CMPK2 expression, and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors NLRP3, NF-κB p65, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampal tissues. XXD may exert its effects by regulating the P-gp/ECS axis, the RAGE/LRP1 receptor system, and the expression of MRP2 and Mfsd2a proteins, thereby modulating the transport function of the BBB to expedite the clearance of Aβ, reduce cerebral Aβ accumulation, and consequently inhibit the activation of microglia induced by Aβ aggregation. This process may suppress the activation of the CMPK2/NLRP3 and TLRs/NF-κB pathways, diminish the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, alleviate neuroinflammation associated with microglia in the brain of AD, and ultimately improve AD pathology.

Arthritis has a high global prevalence. During the early ancient human era, bee (Apis) venom therapy was employed in Egypt, Greece, and China to alleviate ailments such as arthritis and neuralgia. In addition, bee venom has long been used as a traditional medicine for immune-related diseases in Korea. Wasp (Vespa) venom is a folk medicine of the Jingpo people in Yunnan, China, and has been widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. In spite of this, the underlying mechanisms of bee and wasp venoms for the treatment of arthritis are yet to be fully understood. In recent years, researchers have investigated the potential anti-arthritic properties of bee and wasp venoms. Studies have shown that both bee and wasp venom can improve swelling, pain, and inflammation caused by arthritis. The difference is that bee venom reduces arthritis damage to bone and cartilage by inhibiting the IRAK2/TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway, as well as decreasing osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the RANKL/RANK signaling pathway. Wasp venom, on the other hand, regulates synovial cell apoptosis via the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, inhibits the JAK/STAT signaling pathway to reduce inflammation production, and also ameliorates joint inflammation by regulating redox balance and iron death in synovial cells. This review provides a detailed overview of the various types of arthritis and their current therapeutic approaches; additionally, it comprehensively analyzes the therapeutic properties of bee venom, wasp venom, or venom components used as anti-arthritic drugs and explores their mechanisms of action in anti-arthritic therapy.

Salmonella Abortusequi ( S. Abortusequi) is the primary cause of abortions in equine animals, and can cause serious foodborne illness. Thus, effective biocontrol strategies are needed to decontaminate and control the emergence of foodborne diseases. In recent years, phages have been used as a new strategy for modulating foodborne pathogens and food safety. In this study, a new phage, vB_SalP_LDDK01, was isolated from donkey farm bedding. The data indicated that the incubation period of vB_SalP_LDDK01 was 10 min, the burst size was 378 PFU/cell, as well as a wide range of heat resistance (40-70°C) and pH stability (4-12). Furthermore, genomic analysis and electron microscopy indicated that vB_SalP_LDDK01 belongs to the Class Caudoviricetes and genus Jerseyvirus . Moreover, its genome was 42,378 bp long, encoded 57 ORFs, was double-stranded DNA with a 49.52% GC content, and lacked virulence and drug-resistant genes. In addition, how vB_SalP_LDDK01 inhibits the growth of S. Abortusequi and removes the biofilm of S. Abortusequi was assessed in a liquid broth medium, and the results showed that vB_SalP_LDDK01 inhibited the growth of S. Abortusequi for about 8 h and significantly reduced the viable bacteria abundance compared with the phage-free positive control. Further, vB_SalP_LDDK01 treated the host bacteria for 12 h and effectively destroyed the biofilm of S. Abortusequi. This study further investigated how effectively vB_SalP_LDDK01 modulates bacterial contamination in donkey meat inoculated with S. Abortusequi LCU-S-ABORT-F at 4°C and 25°C. Furthermore, after 72 h of vB_SalP_LDDK01 treatment with different multiplicity of infection (1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001), the bacterial contamination on the surface of donkey meat was reduced by 4.3, 3.7, 3.3, and 3.5 log 10 CFU/piece at 25°C, and 4.5, 3.9, 2.8, and 2.7 log 10 CFU/piece at 4°C. Whereas the phage titers at different temperatures were basically comparable to the initial titers. Overall, these results indicated that vB_SalP_LDDK01, the new phage, can serve as an effective biological agent and inhibit S. Abortusequi in donkey meat.

ABSTRACTObjectivesSocial isolation and loneliness are prevalent in older adults and are detrimental to physical and mental health. Social media use has been shown to be effective in maintaining social connections and improving older adults’ psychosocial outcomes. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize current research on this topic. DesignSearches were conducted in November 2021 (and updated in October 2023) in PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria: (1) participants ≥ 65 years (mean, median, or minimum age) and (2) reported impact of social media use on psychosocial outcomes (including loneliness, depression, anxiety, social connectedness, wellbeing, life satisfaction, and quality of life). Quality appraisal tools were utilized, and results were synthesized using narrative synthesis. ResultsSixty-four papers met inclusion criteria, including cross-sectional ( n = 38), observational longitudinal ( n = 6), interventional ( n = 9), mixed-methods ( n = 4), and qualitative ( n = 7) studies. Participant numbers ranged from 6 to 16,925. While associations between social media use and positive psychosocial outcomes were generally reported in cross-sectional studies, the impact of social media use over time from longitudinal studies was mixed and inconclusive. ConclusionsWhile social media use is associated with positive psychosocial outcomes, casual conclusions cannot be drawn. Few longitudinal and randomized controlled trial studies existed, and these reported mixed findings. Large variations in study methodology including participants, measurement of social media use, and outcome measures contributed to the inconsistencies of findings. Addressing this heterogeneity through standardized approaches and more rigorous research may enhance understanding.

Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) has become the leading cause of human mortality with the coming acceleration of global population aging. Atherosclerosis is among the most common pathological changes in CCVDs. It is also a multifactorial disorder; oxidative stress caused by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has become an important mechanism of atherosclerosis. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a major type of natural medicine that has made great contributions to human health. CHMs are increasingly used in the auxiliary clinical treatment of atherosclerosis. Although their mechanism of action is unclear, CHMs can exert a variety of antiatherosclerosis effects by regulating intracellular ROS. In this review, we discussed the mechanism of ROS regulation in atherosclerosis and analyzed the role of CHMs in the treatment of atherosclerosis via ROS.

Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent in older adults and are detrimental to physical and mental health. Social media use has been shown to be effective in maintaining social connections and improving older adults' psychosocial outcomes. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize current research on this topic. Searches were conducted in November 2021 (and updated in October 2023) in PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL. (1) participants ≥ 65 years (mean, median, or minimum age) and (2) reported impact of social media use on psychosocial outcomes (including loneliness, depression, anxiety, social connectedness, wellbeing, life satisfaction, and quality of life). Quality appraisal tools were utilized, and results were synthesized using narrative synthesis. Sixty-four papers met inclusion criteria, including cross-sectional (n = 38), observational longitudinal (n = 6), interventional (n = 9), mixed-methods (n = 4), and qualitative (n = 7) studies. Participant numbers ranged from 6 to 16,925. While associations between social media use and positive psychosocial outcomes were generally reported in cross-sectional studies, the impact of social media use over time from longitudinal studies was mixed and inconclusive. While social media use is associated with positive psychosocial outcomes, casual conclusions cannot be drawn. Few longitudinal and randomized controlled trial studies existed, and these reported mixed findings. Large variations in study methodology including participants, measurement of social media use, and outcome measures contributed to the inconsistencies of findings. Addressing this heterogeneity through standardized approaches and more rigorous research may enhance understanding.

Salmonella Abortusequi (S. Abortusequi) is the primary cause of abortions in equine animals, and can cause serious foodborne illness. Thus, effective biocontrol strategies are needed to decontaminate and control the emergence of foodborne diseases. In recent years, phages have been used as a new strategy for modulating foodborne pathogens and food safety. In this study, a new phage, vB_SalP_LDDK01, was isolated from donkey farm bedding. The data indicated that the incubation period of vB_SalP_LDDK01 was 10 min, the burst size was 378 PFU/cell, as well as a wide range of heat resistance (40-70°C) and pH stability (4-12). Furthermore, genomic analysis and electron microscopy indicated that vB_SalP_LDDK01 belongs to the Class Caudoviricetes and genus Jerseyvirus. Moreover, its genome was 42,378 bp long, encoded 57 ORFs, was double-stranded DNA with a 49.52% GC content, and lacked virulence and drug-resistant genes. In addition, how vB_SalP_LDDK01 inhibits the growth of S. Abortusequi and removes the biofilm of S. Abortusequi was assessed in a liquid broth medium, and the results showed that vB_SalP_LDDK01 inhibited the growth of S. Abortusequi for about 8 h and significantly reduced the viable bacteria abundance compared with the phage-free positive control. Further, vB_SalP_LDDK01 treated the host bacteria for 12 h and effectively destroyed the biofilm of S. Abortusequi. This study further investigated how effectively vB_SalP_LDDK01 modulates bacterial contamination in donkey meat inoculated with S. Abortusequi LCU-S-ABORT-F at 4°C and 25°C. Furthermore, after 72 h of vB_SalP_LDDK01 treatment with different multiplicity of infection (1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001), the bacterial contamination on the surface of donkey meat was reduced by 4.3, 3.7, 3.3, and 3.5 log10 CFU/piece at 25°C, and 4.5, 3.9, 2.8, and 2.7 log10 CFU/piece at 4°C. Whereas the phage titers at different temperatures were basically comparable to the initial titers. Overall, these results indicated that vB_SalP_LDDK01, the new phage, can serve as an effective biological agent and inhibit S. Abortusequi in donkey meat.