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IntroductionEffective compression haemostasis is essential after transradial coronary procedures. However, evidence directly comparing different haemostatic materials remains limited. This study aims to compare and rank the efficacy and safety of different haemostatic materials used as adjuncts to compression after transradial coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention, and to explore whether compression modality modifies their relative effects.Methods and analysisWe will systematically search nine databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data, VIP Database and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) for randomized controlled trials on post-transradial access (TRA) compression haemostasis with different haemostatic materials, from database inception to December 2025. Supplementary searches will be conducted in ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, academic search engines and reference lists of included studies. Two reviewers will independently perform study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias V.2 tool. A network meta-analysis will be conducted within a frequentist framework using Stata V.16.0. Heterogeneity, inconsistency, small-study effects, evidence quality, sensitivity and the assumption of transitivity will be assessed. Subgroup analyses will be performed according to compression modality (manual vs mechanical) and, where data permit, other prespecified study-level characteristics that may modify treatment effects.Ethics and disseminationAs this study is a systematic review and network meta-analysis based on published data, ethical approval is not required. The results will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at academic conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD420251250499.

ObjectivesThe measurement of visceral fat (VF) is clinically important for the identification of individuals at high risk of visceral obesity-related health conditions. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely available and frequently used body composition assessment method, but there have been few validation studies for the measurement of VF. This validation study investigated agreement between BIA and CT for the assessment of VF in adults.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingBetween 2015 and 2016 in China.ParticipantsA total of 414 adults (119 men and 295 women) aged 40–82 years.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCT-visceral fat area (VFA) was derived at the L2-3 and umbilicus level and VFA cut-offs for visceral obesity applied. BIA measurements of visceral fat level were compared with CT VFA findings using scatter plots and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsScatter plots showed poor agreement between BIA and CT-derived visceral fat measurements in both sexes (R=0.387–0.636). ROC curves gave optimum figures for sensitivity and specificity of 65% and 69% in women and 76% and 70% in men, respectively, for BIA to discriminate between adults with normal levels of VF and those with visceral obesity determined by CT.ConclusionBIA has limited accuracy for the assessment of VF in adults in practice when compared with the criterion method.

BackgroundLittle is known about muscle strength and physical performance in Chinese.AimThis study aimed to assess the age- and sex-related differences in muscle strength and physical performance in older Chinese.MethodsThree hundred and eight healthy participants (110 males and 198 females) age 68.3 ± 6.1 (mean ± SD) years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The handgrip muscle strength (HGS) of the dominant hand was measured using a Jamar dynamometer. Physical performance was assessed by the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). The EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) was used to evaluate participants’ health status.ResultsMen showed higher levels of HGS with a smaller percentage having low muscle strength compared with women. No differences were observed in TUG between sexes. No significant association of TUG and age was observed in males. However, older females had increased TUG and hence poorer performance. Good health status was associated with better physical performance but was not related to muscle strength in either sex.DiscussionIn men, there was no correlation between age and TUG, although a negative association with handgrip muscle strength was observed. For women, both muscle strength and physical performance declined with age. The sex-related differences in aging effects on physical performance in our study could partly explain why women have a higher incidence of hip fracture than men.ConclusionChinese women may be more vulnerable to severe sarcopenia in old age than men.