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Dans cet ouvrage de la serie Grands arrets, textes et documents commentes de la collection Competition Law/Droit de la concurrence , les auteurs presentent et commentent minutieusement un ensemble de textes consacres aux aspects proceduraux du controle des concentrations en droit de l'Union europeenne, en s'attachant aux fondements legislatifs, a la pratique decisionnelle et aux apports des juridictions de l'Union, notamment quant a l'interpretation et la sanction des notions en cause.Au cA ur de l'actualite et du recemment enchainement des arrets de la Cour de justice et des sanctions d'infractions procedurales, l'ouvrage propose un examen complet et actualise des questions processuelles parfois subtiles de droit des concentrations europeen.Par le biais d'une approche didactique abordant les principes directeurs, l'evolution et la pratique du controle des concentrations, ce recueil de textes commentes a pour vocation de depeindre l'etat actuel de cette branche du droit de l'Union telle qu'elle est interpretee et pratiquee par ses institutions.Les textes cites recouvrent les reglements et directives de l'Union, les actes administratifs des autorites competentes tels que les lignes directrices et communications de la Commission, la pratique decisionnelle des autorites competentes ainsi que la jurisprudence des juridictions de l'Union europeenne.Accompagnes des explications et commentaires des auteurs, praticiens specialises en la matiere, les extraits cites permettront au lecteur d'apprehender les problematiques liees a ce theme et les reponses formulees tant par le legislateur que par le juge.Cet ouvrage sera particulierement utile aux etudiants, aux praticiens du droit de la concurrence ou a tous ceux qui souhaitent decouvrir ce domaine, et leur permettra de trouver les reponses aux questions specifiques posees par cette matiere complexe et evolutive qu'est le controle des concentrations.

The majority of patients with prostate cancer who later develop lethal metastatic disease have high-risk localized disease at presentation, emphasizing the importance of effective treatment strategies at this stage. Multimodal treatment approaches that combine systemic and local therapies offer a promising strategy for improving the clinical outcomes of patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Combinations of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or chemohormonal therapy are considered to be the standard of care in most solid tumours and should be investigated in the future for the treatment of prostate cancer to improve patient outcomes. However, although the combination of androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy is a standard of care in high-risk localized or locally advanced prostate cancer, the benefit of chemotherapy or chemohormonal therapy has yet to be demonstrated outside of the metastatic setting. Moreover, the benefit of neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant systemic therapies in combination with radical prostatectomy has not been proved. The development of next-generation hormonal agents, which have been approved for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, offers further therapeutic possibilities that are being assessed in early-phase clinical trials.

The use of tricalcium silicate-based cement (TSBC) as bone substitute material for implant stabilization is promising. However, its mechanical behavior under fatigue loading in presence of a dental implant was not reported so far because of the difficulty of measuring TSBC properties around a dental implant in a nondestructive manner. The aim of this study is to investigate the evolution of the 10MHz ultrasonic response of a dental implant embedded in TSBC versus fatigue time. Seven implants were embedded in TSBC following the same experimental protocol used in clinical situations. One implant was left without any mechanical solicitation after its insertion in TSBC. The ultrasonic response of all implants was measured during 24h using a dedicated device deriving from previous studies. An indicator I based on the temporal variation of the signal amplitude was derived and its variation as a function of fatigue time was determined. The results show no significant variation of I as a function of time without mechanical solicitation, while the indicator significantly increases (p<10−5, F=199.1) at an average rate of 2.2h−1 as a function of fatigue time. The increase of the indicator may be due to the degradation of the Biodentine–implant interface, which induces an increase of the impedance gap at the implant surface. The results are promising because they show the potentiality of ultrasonic methods to (i) investigate the material properties around a dental implant and (ii) optimize the conception of bone substitute materials in the context of dental implant surgery.

Summary Purpose Improved prognostic accuracy for treatment response and a wider understanding of drug effects in humans are crucial for enhancing the utility of sorafenib and other promising targeted therapies. We developed a strategy of global genomic investigation of sequential tumor biopsy samples at baseline and 21 days post treatment, and applied this approach in a phase I study of sorafenib plus dacarbazine in patients with solid tumors. The objective of this study was also to validate functional parameters of DCE-US as surrogate markers to predict earlier response. Experimental design Patients received 21-day cycles of oral sorafenib, 400 mg twice daily and dacarbazine, 1,000 mg/m 2 in a 1-h intravenous infusion on day 1. Efficacy was assessed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors. Sequential biopsy samples (baseline and day 21) were obtained from the same tumor. Changes from baseline in global gene expression (GE) measured by genomic microarrays and in tumor vascularity at baseline, D8, D21, D 42 and every 2 cycles using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCE-US) were analyzed for patients with and without a clinical response to treatment at 3 months. Results Among 23 patients evaluable for treatment efficacy, 17 were eligible for gene expression and DCE-US analyses. One patient achieved a partial response; 14 exhibited stable disease. Ten patients were defined as exhibiting stable disease (SD) and 7, progressive disease (PD) at 3 months. Genomic analyses identified a 237-gene signature that distinguished SD from PD at 3 months. Of note, CDK4 overexpression and PDGFR downregulation were associated with PD. Functional parameters of DCE-US representing the blood volume at baseline, day 8, and day 21 were correlated with disease progression at 3 months. Conclusions This novel approach of sequential investigations in a phase I trial was feasible, detecting early changes in gene expression and tumor vascularity evaluated using DCE-US that may be predictive of clinical outcome.

Imaging in real time the complete dynamics of a process as fundamental as photoemission has long been out of reach due to the difficulty of combining attosecond temporal resolution with fine spectral and angular resolutions. Here, we achieve full decoding of the intricate angle-dependent dynamics of a photoemission process in helium, spectrally and anisotropically structured by twophoton transitions through intermediate bound states. Using spectrally- and angularly-resolved attosecond electron interferometry, we characterize the complex-valued transition probability amplitude towards the photoelectron quantum state. This allows reconstructing in space, time and energy the complete formation of the photoionized wavepacket.