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"McConnell, Matthew"
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The 2nd international cookbook for kids
\"Chef Matthew Locricchio [presents] recipes from India, Greece, Thailand, and Brazil specially designed for kids and their families\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Covid‐19 and Liver Injury: Role of Inflammatory Endotheliopathy, Platelet Dysfunction, and Thrombosis
Liver injury, characterized predominantly by elevated aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, is a common feature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Additionally, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is associated with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure in patients with cirrhosis and has a notably elevated mortality in patients with alcohol‐related liver disease compared to other etiologies. Direct viral infection of the liver with SARS‐CoV‐2 remains controversial, and alternative pathophysiologic explanations for its hepatic effects are an area of active investigation. In this review, we discuss the effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the inflammatory environment it creates on endothelial cells and platelets more generally and then with a hepatic focus. In doing this, we present vascular inflammation and thrombosis as a potential mechanism of liver injury and liver‐related complications in COVID‐19.
Journal Article
The international cookbook for kids
\"Explore international cuisine thruogh mouthwatering recipes specially designed for kids and their families. 60 classic recipes from Italy, France, China, and Mexico.\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
Mycobacterial Esx-3 is required for mycobactin-mediated iron acquisition
The Esx secretion pathway is conserved across Gram-positive bacteria. Esx-1, the best-characterized system, is required for virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although its precise function during infection remains unclear. Esx-3, a paralogous system present in all mycobacterial species, is required for growth in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that mycobacteria lacking Esx-3 are defective in acquiring iron. To compete for the limited iron available in the host and the environment, these organisms use mycobactin, high-affinity iron-binding molecules. In the absence of Esx-3, mycobacteria synthesize mycobactin but are unable to use the bound iron and are impaired severely for growth during macrophage infection. Mycobacteria thus require a specialized secretion system for acquiring iron from siderophores.
Journal Article
Portal Hypertension in Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis
Purpose of Review
This review article will examine portal hypertension in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) from both a basic mechanistic and a clinical perspective.
Recent Findings
Alcoholic hepatitis is a major public health problem in the USA, accounting for over 300,000 hospital admissions in a recent year of data (Jinjuvadia et al. J Clin Gastroenterol.
60
;49:506–511). Portal hypertension is a key consequence of AH and a driver of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Alcohol may directly mediate portal hypertension via multiple possible mechanisms, including increased portal inflow, increased intrahepatic vasoconstriction, inflammation, and changes in the liver vasculature such as perisinusoidal fibrosis and phlebosclerosis.
Summary
Portal hypertension is a key consequence of AH and a critical area for future research.
Journal Article
Perceptions of STEM education and artificial intelligence: a Twitter (X) sentiment analysis
Background, context, and purpose of the study
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly prevalent in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, holding promising potential for supporting the design and implementation of quality STEM education. However, there is a lack of data-based research studying the diverse perceptions of AI in STEM education as conveyed on social media, the factors that influence those perceptions, or the change in those perceptions over time among public audiences.
Results, the main findings
The purpose of this study was to examine public perceptions of AI in STEM education by analyzing X posts (Tweets) between 04/28/2020 and 04/27/2023. We used a machine learning-based sentiment analysis to analyze the public’s perception of AI and the factors that influence it. Findings suggest a range of perceptions among X users regarding AI in STEM education, with most sentiments neutral and positive. However, some negative sentiments were also identified, suggesting that some users may be wary of AI’s potential impact on STEM education.
Conclusions
This work will contribute to government, policymakers, and educators in making necessary decisions and improving overall public awareness of AI in STEM education. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that further research is needed to better understand public sentiment about AI in STEM education.
Journal Article
Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Vortex Shedding in Inert Flow over a Triangular Bluff Body
The Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (IDDES) is a modification of the original Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) design to incorporate Wall Modeled Large Eddy Simulation (WMLES) capabilities and to extend the class of flows suitable for this methodology. For thin attached boundary layers, typically seen in external aerodynamic flows, the DES branch of the model is active, whereas with thick boundary layers, typically seen in internal flows and also wake flows, the WMLES branch is active, thus providing a numeric method suited to handling most flow cases automatically. The flow over a triangular bluff body is used to validate the suitability of the IDDES model and compare the results with experimental, DDES, and LES data. The IDDES model is found to be relatively accurate when compared with the experimental results, with recirculation length, streamwise velocity, and Reynolds stresses all showing good agreement with the experimental data. However, when compared with the DDES model, there is a ~4% overprediction of the recirculation length using the same mesh and numerical scheme. The code, with its extra complexity, is also ~3% slower to solve. The IDDES model has also been tested against different meshes, and the results show that even for a coarse mesh, there is still good agreement with the experimental data.
Journal Article
Boundary Layer Separation from a Curved Backward-Facing Step Using Improved Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation
Curved surfaces are a feature of many engineering applications, and as such, the accurate prediction of separation and reattachment from a curved surface is of great engineering importance. In this study, improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) is used, in conjunction with synthetic turbulence injection using the synthetic eddy method (SEM), to investigate the boundary layer separation from a curved backward-facing step for which large eddy simulation (LES) results are available. The commercial code Star CCM+ was used with the k-ω shear stress transport (SST) variation of the IDDES model to assess the accuracy of the code for this class of problem. The IDDES model predicted the separation length within 10.4% of the LES value for the finest mesh and 25.5% for the coarsest mesh, compared to 36.2% for the RANS simulation. Good agreement between the IDDES and LES was also found in terms of the distribution of skin friction, velocity, and Reynolds stress, demonstrating an acceptable level of accuracy, as has the prediction of the separation and reattachment location. The model has, however, found it difficult to capture the pressure coefficient accurately in the region of separation and reattachment. Overall, the IDDES model has performed well against a type of geometry that is typically a challenge to the hybrid RANS-LES method (HRLM).
Journal Article
Cbfβ regulates Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo/Yap, and Tgfβ signaling pathways in articular cartilage homeostasis and protects from ACLT surgery-induced osteoarthritis
As the most common degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) contributes significantly to pain and disability during aging. Several genes of interest involved in articular cartilage damage in OA have been identified. However, the direct causes of OA are poorly understood. Evaluating the public human RNA-seq dataset showed that CBFB (subunit of a heterodimeric Cbfβ/Runx1, Runx2, or Runx3 complex) expression is decreased in the cartilage of patients with OA. Here, we found that the chondrocyte-specific deletion of Cbfb in tamoxifen-induced Cbfb f/f ;Col2a1-CreER T mice caused a spontaneous OA phenotype, worn articular cartilage, increased inflammation, and osteophytes. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that Cbfβ deficiency in articular cartilage resulted in reduced cartilage regeneration, increased canonical Wnt signaling and inflammatory response, and decreased Hippo/Yap signaling and Tgfβ signaling. Immunostaining and western blot validated these RNA-seq analysis results. ACLT surgery-induced OA decreased Cbfβ and Yap expression and increased active β-catenin expression in articular cartilage, while local AAV-mediated Cbfb overexpression promoted Yap expression and diminished active β-catenin expression in OA lesions. Remarkably, AAV-mediated Cbfb overexpression in knee joints of mice with OA showed the significant protective effect of Cbfβ on articular cartilage in the ACLT OA mouse model. Overall, this study, using loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches, uncovered that low expression of Cbfβ may be the cause of OA. Moreover, Local admission of Cbfb may rescue and protect OA through decreasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and increasing Hippo/Yap signaling and Tgfβ/Smad2/3 signaling in OA articular cartilage, indicating that local Cbfb overexpression could be an effective strategy for treatment of OA.
Journal Article