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Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) increase the morbidity and hospital bed occupancy. Cases of LRTI due to non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are common in healthcare institutions. The common NFGNB found nowadays are , , and . Prophylactic antibiotic use and frequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) impact the microbes' antimicrobial sensitivity patterns. We planned this study to estimate the prevalence of LRTI due to NFGNB and the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of the causative microbes. This retrospective study was conducted at Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bhubaneswar, India. We analyzed data of the patients admitted between June 2023 and May 2025. We included female and male adult patients admitted to KIMS with LRTI during the study period. The specimens of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and endotracheal tube (ET) aspirate obtained from the qualified subjects were examined. Pathogenic bacteria were cultivated using enriched and selective media, such as 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar. To identify isolates and evaluate AST, the VITEK 2 system (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) was employed. To analyze the data, we used R software (version 4.4.3; R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria). Our hospital admitted 2,389 patients with LRTI during the research period. Of them, 757 (31.69%) patients had a positive culture result for NFGNB, and 362 (47.82%) participants were female. The study population's median age was 44.79 (38.11-66.43) years. We found three non-fermenters: (401, 52.97%), (248, 32.76%), and (108, 14.27%). The samples of  and were highly sensitive to tigecycline. The cases with   were mainly sensitive to aztreonam and demonstrated the least sensitivity to colistin. The NFGNB encountered in this study were , , and . was highly sensitive to aztreonam. and had maximum sensitivity for tigecycline. Future studies with bigger sample sizes must examine the pathogenic NFGNB causing LRTI and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Tuning the surface electronic properties of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides such as Molebdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanosheets is worth exploring for their potential applications in strain sensitive flexible electronic devices. Here in, the correlation between tensile strain developed in MoS 2 nanosheets during swift heavy ion irradiation and corresponding modifications in their surface electronic properties is investigated. With prior structural characterization by transmission electron microscopy, chemically exfoliated MoS 2 nanosheets were exposed to 100 MeV Ag ion irradiation at varying fluence for creation of controlled defects. The presence of defect induced systematic tensile strain was verified by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction analysis. The effect of ion irradiation on in–plane mode is observed to be significantly higher than that on out-of-plane mode. The contribution of irradiation induced in-plane strain on modification of the surface electronic properties of nanosheets was analyzed by work function measurement using scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. The work function value is observed to be linearly proportional to tensile strain along the basal plane indicating a systematic shifting of Fermi surface with fluence towards the valence band.

This work reports the confluence of static and dynamic fluorescence quenching of rhodamine B (RhB) by chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanosheets. Both steady state and time-resolved fluorescence quenching measurements were carried out to elucidate the process of energy transfer from RhB to MoS 2 . The interactive forces investigated through evaluation of thermodynamic parameters from temperature dependent fluorescence measurements are found to be hydrophobic in nature. The negative value of Gibbs free energy (∆ G ) indicates spontaneity of the adsorption process of RhB–MoS 2 system. The binding affinity of RhB–MoS 2 system is also investigated using UV/Vis spectrophotometer.