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The need to understand how Muslim students experience college is a growing concern, given the number of incidents that indicate a hostile environment after the events of September 11, and the subsequent war against terror. Muslim graduate students are more visible on campuses across the United States. This study examines the experiences of Muslim graduate students as they navigate their campus and make sense of how they perceive their campus climate. This study uses an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and uses Campus Racial Climate as a theoretical framework. IPA focuses on how a given person in a given context experiences and makes sense of a given phenomenon. Campus Racial Climate is used because it allows an extensive analysis of the findings. This study revealed that Muslim graduate students report positive experiences when they do not carry religious markers, however, if students are carrying religious markers, such as hijab for women or long beards for men, they report racial behavior on campus. In addition, the study revealed that Muslim graduate students’ interactions, support and perceptions shaped the way they perceive their campus climate.

Le contexte mondial actuel dominé par la concurrence exacerbée qui régit le monde des organisations baigne celles-ci dans une atmosphère d'instabilité et d'incertitude. Ce déséquilibre oblige les entreprises à emprunter de nouvelles voies managériales dans leur quête de pérennité et de subsistance. Dans ce cadre, le « changement » devient l'une des thématiques clés dans les discours contemporains : Aussi nécessaire qu'imprévisible, il engendre plusieurs formes de résistance dues essentiellement aux confrontations culturelles qui émergent lors de la fusion d'entités organisationnelles appartenant à des contextes différents et possèdent des identités propres. L'objectif de cet article est de mener une étude qualitative de deux groupes cimentiers ayant chacun une culture différentes (Suisse, française et marocaine) après avoir effectué une opération de fusion en se basant sur les modèles de Hofstede et de Hall. Notre but est de mettre en exergue les différences culturelles des entités étudiées qui sont susceptibles de constituer des facteurs de blocage au processus de résilience envisagé par l'entreprise dans ce cadre de changement.

Treated wastewater (TWW) use represents a strategic prospect for sustainable agricultural development in water-scarce countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of adopting an innovative nozzle and irrigation management support (SIM) to promote the cultivation of olive trees under TWW in Morocco. The study involved 4-year-old olive trees irrigated according to the water requirement estimated by both the SIM model and the FAO56 method. The results showed that neither agronomic and physiological parameters nor leaves were affected by irrigation with TWW. However, the soil reacted differently as its alkalinity but witnessed a decrease in the fresh water (FW) treatments. The soil solution electrical conductivity was generally higher for TWW than FW. The savings on water and fertilizer costs generated by the TWW and TWW + SIM treatments are 570€ and 585€/ha, respectively, and the adoption of the two innovations generates additional net benefits equal to 45,000€, while to the nozzle with TWW alone, additional net benefits were observed that is 42,000€. A minimum increase in return of only 0.6% is needed to cover investment costs over the 30-year life of the project and the investment could be profitable even with a decrease in return of 48%.

A glass-forming domain is found and studied within Bi 2 O 3 –Sb 2 O 3 –TeO 2 system. The glasses composition were obtained in pseudo-binary x SbO 1.5 , (1− x )TeO 2 for 0.05 ≤  x  ≤ 0.20. The constitution of glasses in the system Sb 2 O 3 –TeO 2 was investigated by DSC, Raman, and Infrared spectroscopy. The influence of a gradual addition of the modifier oxides on the coordination geometry of tellurium atoms has been elucidated based Infrared and Raman studies and showed the transition of TeO 4 , TeO 3+1 , and TeO 3 units with increasing Sb 2 O 3 content. XRD results reveal the presence of three crystalline: γ-TeO 2 , α-TeO 2 , and SbTe 3 O 8 phases during the crystallization process. The density of glasses has been measured. The investigation in the ternary system by the solid state reaction using XRD reveals the existence of a solid solution Bi 1− x Sb 1− x Te 2 x O 4 isotopic to BiSbO 4 with 0 ≤  x  ≤ 0.1.

A glass-forming domain is found and studied within [Bi.sub.2][O.sub.3]-[Sb.sub.2][O.sub.3]-Te[O.sub.2] system. The glasses composition were obtained in pseudo-binary xSb[O.sub.1.5], (1-x)Te[O.sub.2] for 0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.20. The constitution of glasses in the system [Sb.sub.2][O.sub.3]-Te[O.sub.2] was investigated by DSC, Raman, and Infrared spectroscopy. The influence of a gradual addition of the modifier oxides on the coordination geometry of tellurium atoms has been elucidated based Infrared and Raman studies and showed the transition of Te[O.sub.4], Te[O.sub.3+1], and Te[O.sub.3] units with increasing [Sb.sub.2][O.sub.3] content. XRD results reveal the presence of three crystalline: γ-Te[O.sub.2], α-Te[O.sub.2], and Sb[Te.sub.3][O.sub.8] phases during the crystallization process. The density of glasses has been measured. The investigation in the ternary system by the solid state reaction using XRD reveals the existence of a solid solution [Bi.sub.1-x][Sb.sub.1-x][Te.sub.2x][O.sub.4] isotopic to BiSb[O.sub.4] with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1.

A glass-forming domain is found and studied within Bi.sub.2O.sub.3-Sb.sub.2O.sub.3-TeO.sub.2 system. The glasses composition were obtained in pseudo-binary xSbO.sub.1.5, (1-x)TeO.sub.2 for 0.05 [less than or equal to] x [less than or equal to] 0.20. The constitution of glasses in the system Sb.sub.2O.sub.3-TeO.sub.2 was investigated by DSC, Raman, and Infrared spectroscopy. The influence of a gradual addition of the modifier oxides on the coordination geometry of tellurium atoms has been elucidated based Infrared and Raman studies and showed the transition of TeO.sub.4, TeO.sub.3+1, and TeO.sub.3 units with increasing Sb.sub.2O.sub.3 content. XRD results reveal the presence of three crystalline: [gamma]-TeO.sub.2, [alpha]-TeO.sub.2, and SbTe.sub.3O.sub.8 phases during the crystallization process. The density of glasses has been measured. The investigation in the ternary system by the solid state reaction using XRD reveals the existence of a solid solution Bi.sub.1-xSb.sub.1-xTe.sub.2xO.sub.4 isotopic to BiSbO.sub.4 with 0 [less than or equal to] x [less than or equal to] 0.1.