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Environmental management is crucial for sustainable growth and development. The use of microorganisms to clean up contaminated environment provides cheap alternative method to the conventional treatment methods. But the choice of easily grown, viable and effective natural occurring microorganism to do the cleaning is a major challenge. In this article we presented and reviewed the application of photosynthetic bacteria in bioremediation due to their utilisation of various kinds of pollutants, minimum nutrients requirement and the possibility of generating valuable products concomitantly cleaning the contaminated environment. Pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, crude oil and odour with the specific photosynthetic bacteria capable of degrading the pollutants were identified and discussed in this article. The possible value added products to be generated as well as the mechanism of degradation are also highlighted and discussed in the article. The utilisation of carbon dioxide and the generation of value added products while cleaning up polluted environment are the major advantages of using these bacteria in bioremediation and have both environmental and economic benefits.

Sanitary landfilling is the most common way to dispose solid urban waste; however, improper landfill management may pose serious environmental threats through discharge of high strength polluted wastewater also known as leachate. The treatment of landfill leachate to fully reduce the negative impact on the environment, is nowadays a challenge. In this study, an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) was proposed for the treatment of locally obtained real landfill leachate with initial ammoniacal nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of 1800 and 3200 mg/L, respectively. ASBR could remove 65 % of ammoniacal nitrogen and 30 % of COD during seven days of treatment time. Thereafter, an effective adsorbent, i.e., zeolite was used as a secondary treatment step for polishing the ammoniacal nitrogen and COD content that is present in leachate. The results obtained are promising where the adsorption of leachate by zeolite further enhanced the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and COD up to 96 and 43 %, respectively. Furthermore, this combined biological–physical treatment system was able to remove heavy metals, i.e. aluminium, vanadium, chromium, magnesium, cuprum and plumbum significantly. These results demonstrate that combined ASBR and zeolite adsorption is a feasible technique for the treatment of landfill leachate, even considering this effluent’s high resistance to treatment.

An effective biosurfactant producer and extremophiles bacteria, Bacillus cereus KH1, was isolated from textile effluent and the biosurfactant was produced using molasses as the sole carbon source. Growth parameters such as pH, temperature, salinity and concentration of molasses were optimised for decolourising the textile effluent with 24-h incubation. The biosurfactant property of B. cereus KH1 was evaluated based on haemolytic activity, oil displacement technique, drop-collapsing test and emulsification index. The results of the produced biosurfactant showed a positive reaction in haemolytic activity, oil displacement technique, drop-collapsing test and exhibiting a 67% emulsification index. The cell-free broth was stable in 40 °C pH 7, 7% salinity and 7% molasses. Thin-Layer Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis revealed that the biosurfactant was a lipopeptide with a yield 2.98 g L−1. These findings proved the synergistic action of B. cereus KH1 with lipopeptide biosurfactant may accelerated the decolourisation efficiency to 87%.

Pengajaran tahfiz telah menjadi lebih konvensional dan berkembang sebagai kursus pendidikan yang penting. Kepentingan ini selaras dengan prospek di atas yang diletakkan kepada keupayaan sekolah tahfiz untuk melahirkan pelajar menghafaz al-Quran yang boleh berkembang maju dan meningkatkan pendidikan Islam negara. Disebabkan usaha ini, proses pengurusan pembelajaran tahfiz mesti memuaskan QoE pengguna berkaitan isu pengambilan pelajar yang semakin meningkat. Isu-isu ini memberi kesan kepada proses pendidikan ini kerana sumber yang tidak mencukupi, infrastruktur tahfiz, dan kemudahan yang mencukupi. Kertas kerja ini mencadangkan kesesuaian Rangka Kerja Tahfiz Pengurusan Bersepadu (IM-Tahfiz) untuk kepuasan pendidikan terpilih di peringkat empirikal. Tujuan utama rangka kerja ini adalah mengenai Kualiti Pengalaman (QoE) berdasarkan kepuasan pengguna untuk ujian saringan keputusan pihak berkepentingan memilih pusat tahfiz untuk mendidik pelajar. Reka bentuk rangka kerja ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga fasa; pemilihan data, di mana instrumen dan persediaan percubaan mengumpulkan sumber dari mudah alih ke pelayan untuk memuktamadkan data; setup QoE pengguna, di mana data jemaah pengguna diperoleh dengan menggunakan Min Skor Pendapat (MOS) untuk menentukan penyelesaian perkara ini berhubung kemungkinan pelajar tahfiz yang sesuai dengan pusat tahfiz; fasa pelaksanaan, di mana kedua-dua fasa bergabung untuk memuktamadkan hasil data. Keputusan akhir menggambarkan persoalan kajian awal (RQ) adalah faktor yang memberi kesan akibat masalah pusat tahfiz yang boleh diselesaikan dengan sewajarnya.