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Despite the amount of research on family-work conflict and burnout, there persist questions about their relations and which coping strategies are the most effective. In this paper we address this issue from a gender perspective with a sample of 131 dual-earner couples developing both individual and couple analyses. The results at individual level yield gender differences when each of the two burnout components is explained. The main predictor of emotional exhaustion is work-family conflict while family-work conflict is the main predictor of depersonalization, especially for men. Regarding coping strategies, behavioural coping is negatively related to male depersonalization. However, behavioral and emotional coping increases both burnout dimensions in women, particularly if family-work conflict is high. At couple level, findings confirm the relationship between conflicts and burnout and the moderating role of behavioural coping to explain emotional exhaustion.

Environment and personality interact determining the manner a subject behaves, but research on how to conceptualise and measure the environment is still scarce. This article addresses this issue presenting strong evidence on the reliability and validity of the Situational Strength at Work (SSW) Scale (Meyer et al., 2014) in Spanish-speaking work contexts. Through three studies, we found sound evidence for the four-factor structure of the situational strength’s construct, comprising clarity, consistency, constraints, and consequences, with adequate reliability for each factor. Results of studies also found that the instrument is invariant according to sex, country (Spain, Ecuador, Mexico), and occupation (salespeople, teachers, office workers). Convergent and discriminant validity were successfully tested, and exploratory graphical network analysis depicted satisfactory results. Theoretical and practical implications are pointed out, and it is concluded that the SSW scale is a suitable instrument for investigating situational strength at work cross-nationally in Spanish-speaking contexts.

Social work professionals have to confront an increasingly strenuous job context (e.g., more users into the system, budgetary cuts, increasing bureaucracy, etc.), and these changes added to their interest in social justice turn their job into a very demanding one. Furthermore, over the few last years, organizational justice has produced a great deal of research, although not in this particular discipline. Based on the Job Demands and Resources theory (JD-R), this paper analyses (1) the direct relationships of job demands (Demands) and organizational justice (Resource) on job satisfaction and on counterproductive behaviour, and (2) the buffering effect of organizational justice as a resource, on the relationship between job demands and job satisfaction, and between job demands and counterproductive behaviour. The sample is made up of 213 social work professionals from various Spanish regions (198 female and mean-age 40.56 years old). Hierarchical regression equations showed that more than job demands, it is organizational justice which is the variable that exerts the highest influence on results (satisfaction and counterproductive behaviour). Specifically, organizational justice explains a great deal of the variance on job satisfaction (40%). Justice also impacts on counterproductive behaviour, both directly as well as reducing the negative effect of high demands. These findings are important both from the theoretical and applied perspectives, since these underline the key role of organizational justice for social workers, beyond job demands.

Changes in the education system in Ecuador have increased the workload of university teachers, producing stress and burnout. This study analyses the relation between work overload, coping styles and emotional exhaustion in a sample of 202 university teachers by using a hierarchical regression model analysis. The results show that work overload and evasive coping are positively related to emotional exhaustion, while active coping is negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Evasive coping moderated the relationship between work overload and emotional exhaustion so that teachers who use more evasive coping in situations of high work overload experience less burnout than teachers who use this coping style less. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this study and its theoretical and practical contributions for university professors in Latin American contexts.

Many studies have examined the effect of situational strength (clarity, consistency, constraints, and consequences) on organisational behaviour, but little has been investigated about its health effects. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between situational strength and burnout. Specifically, we examined whether situational strength characteristics may be associated with burnout, whether these characteristics are risk (or protective) factors for burnout, and whether a strong situation is related to higher levels of burnout. Examining three samples from different occupations, it was found that clarity and consistency are negatively associated with burnout, being protective factors, while constraints are positively associated with burnout, being risk factors. These results are consistent across the samples. In addition to the direct effects, interaction effects between clarity and consistency in the office employee’s sample (two-way interaction), between constraints and consequences in the samples of office employees and teachers (two-way interaction), and among clarity, consistency, and constraints in the salespeople’s sample (three-way interaction) were also significant, explaining from 20% to 33% of the variance of burnout. We concluded that situational strength is associated not only with behaviour but also with health. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

The quantity of teleworkers had already been rising in various work fields even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it was not until the pandemic that it spread to other sectors such as the industrial sector. There are still few studies looking at telework's impact on this important sector. This article is intended to discuss: (1) the extent of teleworking in manufacturing, (2) its adjustment to the industrial sector (challenges and benefits), and (3) its prospects for the future. To this end, 31 in-depth interviews have been conducted with four Plant Managers and seven Human Resource Directors of 11 industrial companies in Burgos (Spain) and surroundings, as well as 20 of their workers. Pre-pandemic teleworking was only active in one of the enterprises and now there are workers that work remotely in 9 out of 11. All interviewees agreed that teleworking will gradually expand. The study shows concerns and challenges when it comes to communication, trust, control, and productivity. It highlights the importance of establishing clear policies on teleworking and how to deal with remuneration, expense reimbursements, and equity between teleworkers and on-site workers. Overall, industrial-sector teleworking has brought positive results in terms of productivity and job satisfaction levels, but it has also resulted in new demands on aspects such as ergonomics, negative habits (food and physical inactivity), communication, and work-life balance.

Los cambios en el sistema educativo de Ecuador han contribuido a un aumento de la sobrecarga de trabajo de los docentes universitarios produciendo estrés y burnout. Este estudio analiza la relación entre la sobrecarga de trabajo, los estilos de afrontamiento y el agotamiento emocional en una muestra de 202 profesores universitarios mediante modelos de regresión jerárquica. Los resultados muestran que la sobrecarga de trabajo y el afrontamiento evasivo están positivamente relacionados con el agotamiento mientras que el afrontamiento activo está relacionado negativamente. Además, el afrontamiento evasivo modula la relación entre la sobrecarga y el agotamiento de forma que los docentes que emplean mucho afrontamiento evasivo en situaciones de elevada sobrecarga experimentan menos agotamiento. Finalmente se discuten las limitaciones del estudio y sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para los docentes universitarios en contextos latinoamericanos. Palabras clave sobrecarga laboral; agotamiento emocional; afrontamiento activo; afrontamiento evasivo; docentes universitarios. Changes in the education system in Ecuador have increased the workload of university teachers, producing stress and burnout. This study analyses the relation between work overload, coping styles and emotional exhaustion in a sample of 202 university teachers by using a hierarchical regression model analysis. The results show that work overload and evasive coping are positively related to emotional exhaustion, while active coping is negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Evasive coping moderated the relationship between work overload and emotional exhaustion so that teachers who use more evasive coping in situations of high work overload experience less burnout than teachers who use this coping style less. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this study and its theoretical and practical contributions for university professors in Latin American contexts. Keywords work overload; emotional exhaustion; active coping; evasive coping; university teachers.

Este estudio toma como referencia el modelo Demandas-Control-Apoyo y analiza el rol del control y del apoyo social entre algunas demandas laborales y el malestar físico en una muestra de 285 trabajadores de la construcción. En general, se observa que las demandas laborales, la exposición a condiciones nocivas, el control del trabajo y el apoyo social se asocian con el malestar físico. También se comprueban los efectos moduladores del control y del apoyo. El control modula los efectos negativos de las demandas. Además, el apoyo amortigua el estrés derivado de la exposición a condiciones nocivas. Se encuentra una interacción triple pero el incremento de varianza explicada no es significativo, por tanto, no se encuentra evidencia del modelo Demandas-Control-Apoyo. El artículo finaliza planteando las limitaciones del estudio y sus implicaciones prácticas.

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar de forma exploratoria el papel de tres antecedentes organizacionales y personales en las intenciones de compartir conocimiento: el apoyo, el clima y el compromiso con la organización. La muestra está formada por 168 empleados del sector cerámico, y se ha puesto a prueba un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que contempla relaciones directas e indirectas. En concreto se analizan las relaciones directas del apoyo y el clima (específicamente las dimensiones orientación a la tarea y apoyo a la innovación) sobre las intenciones de compartir conocimiento, y las relaciones indirectas de esas dos variables a través del compromiso afectivo de los empleados con su organización. Los resultados muestran que la orientación a la tarea tiene un efecto directo sobre las intenciones de compartir conocimiento, mientras que las otras dos dimensiones, el apoyo a la innovación y el apoyo organizacional, influyen de forma indirecta a través del compromiso afectivo. Al final se comentan los resultados desde un punto de vista aplicado.

This paper analyzes the modulator role of job involvement in the relationship between stress and job satisfaction, using the OSI (Occupational Stress Indicator) model. For this purpose, we analyzed: six sources of stress, the OSI job satisfaction results, and a job involvement scale. The sample consisted of 779 professional soldiers from the Spanish Army. The results show that when the levels of the two dimensions job involvement (psychological identification and job-related feelings of duty-obligation are high, stress due to achievements and career development and social relationships will have no influence on job satisfaction. However, we found higher job satisfaction, even when stress is high, in those situations where psychological identification is low and job-related feelings of duty-obligation are high.