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This article offers managers a novel approach to increase creativity in their teams by measuring individual personality characteristics, crucial for creative people. We assess interpersonal interaction with sensor-equipped badges worn on the body. In a research project with 22 study subjects, who wore the badges during work for one month, we were able to predict extroversion, neuroticism, openness, and agreeability based on microscopic social network analysis. We obtained control measures of these values with a standard psychological test (NEO-FFI). As opposed to conventional personality tests, where people have to fill out lengthy questionnaires and surveys, our method offers an automated and potentially more reliable way to assess these personality characteristics. Once these characteristics are considered, teams could be reshuffled and team membership changed for higher creativity.

This article offers managers a novel approach to increase creativity in their teams by measuring individual personality characteristics, crucial for creative people. We assess interpersonal interaction with sensor-equipped badges worn on the body. In a research project with 22 study subjects, who wore the badges during work for one month, we were able to predict extroversion, neuroticism, openness, and agreeability based on microscopic social network analysis. We obtained control measures of these values with a standard psychological test (NEO-FFI). As opposed to conventional personality tests, where people have to fill out lengthy questionnaires and surveys, our method offers an automated and potentially more reliable way to assess these personality characteristics. Once these characteristics are considered, teams could be reshuffled and team membership changed for higher creativity.

Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these stakeholders' desiderata) in a variety of contexts. However, the literature on XAI is vast, spreads out across multiple largely disconnected disciplines, and it often remains unclear how explainability approaches are supposed to achieve the goal of satisfying stakeholders' desiderata. This paper discusses the main classes of stakeholders calling for explainability of artificial systems and reviews their desiderata. We provide a model that explicitly spells out the main concepts and relations necessary to consider and investigate when evaluating, adjusting, choosing, and developing explainability approaches that aim to satisfy stakeholders' desiderata. This model can serve researchers from the variety of different disciplines involved in XAI as a common ground. It emphasizes where there is interdisciplinary potential in the evaluation and the development of explainability approaches.

Zusammenfassung Die zunehmende Verbreitung neuer technologischer Infrastrukturen ermöglicht neue Einblicke in das Konsumentenverhalten. Das Internet fördert die aktive Teilnahme des Konsumenten an wirtschaftlichen Prozessen und dokumentiert seine Interaktionen mit Anbietern und anderen Nachfragern. Eine Methode zur Gewinnung systematischer Einblicke in dieses Beziehungsnetzwerk ist die Social Network Analysis (SNA). Die relativ junge Methode kann traditionelle Marktforschungsmethoden bereits ergänzen, wie empirische Fallbeispiele zeigen.

Oster Daniel. D'un statut d'évangéliste : Maurice Blanchot. In: Littérature, n°33, 1979. pp. 111-128.

The pressure-treated wood industry assures us that arsenic and chromium remain strongly fixed to the treated wood product, and is safe enough to be used in children's playgrounds, residential decks and in homes. Yet, a 1999 CEPA report estimated that in Canada, 64,600 kilograms of arsenic are \"leached\" each year into soil or water from this wood while \"in service\"; 48,000 kilograms per are released during residential construction; and the remaining 9,547,000 kilograms of arsenic require proper and safe disposal each year.