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"Palmer, James T. (James Trevor)"
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Early Medieval Hagiography
Saints were powerful role models in the early Middle Ages, capable of defining communities. But what roles did saintly biographies play in shaping the medieval West? Can we understand society and its many post-Roman transformations through them? This short book takes readers from the creation of medieval hagiography, through the ways in which it circulated, to a wide-ranging assessment of different modern methodologies used to interrogate hagiographies, from early twentieth-century source criticism, to the insights gained from gender studies, postmodernism and digital humanities.
eBook
Multicentre derivation and validation of a colitis-associated colorectal cancer risk prediction web tool
ObjectivePatients with ulcerative colitis (UC) diagnosed with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) have increased risk of developing advanced neoplasia (AN: high-grade dysplasia or colorectal cancer). We aimed to develop and validate a predictor of AN risk in patients with UC with LGD and create a visual web tool to effectively communicate the risk.DesignIn our retrospective multicentre validated cohort study, adult patients with UC with an index diagnosis of LGD, identified from four UK centres between 2001 and 2019, were followed until progression to AN. In the discovery cohort (n=246), a multivariate risk prediction model was derived from clinicopathological features using Cox regression. Validation used data from three external centres (n=198). The validated model was embedded in a web tool to calculate patient-specific risk.ResultsFour clinicopathological variables were significantly associated with AN progression in the discovery cohort: endoscopically visible LGD >1 cm (HR 2.7; 95% CI 1.2 to 5.9), unresectable or incomplete endoscopic resection (HR 3.4; 95% CI 1.6 to 7.4), moderate/severe histological inflammation within 5 years of LGD diagnosis (HR 3.1; 95% CI 1.5 to 6.7) and multifocality (HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3 to 6.2). In the validation cohort, this four-variable model accurately predicted future AN cases with overall calibration Observed/Expected=1.01 (95% CI 0.64 to 1.52), and achieved 100% specificity for the lowest risk group over 13 years of available follow-up.ConclusionMulticohort validation confirms that patients with large, unresected, multifocal LGD and recent moderate/severe inflammation are at highest risk of developing AN. Personalised risk prediction provided via the Ulcerative Colitis-Cancer Risk Estimator ( www.UC-CaRE.uk ) can support treatment decision-making.
Journal Article
Constructions of sanctity and the anglo-saxon missions to the continent (690-900)
This thesis explores the literary strategies used by hagiographers in the eighth and ninth centuries to establish as saintly the careers of those involved in the so-called 'Anglo-Saxon missions to the continent' (c. 690 - c. 789). It offers a fundamental reassessment of the relationship between the 'missions' and the Carolingian vitae that commemorated them, one that is based upon new studies of the ways in which the texts were shaped by their political and cultural contexts, and consequently by the authors' intentions. The thesis is structured thematically around hagiographical representations - often fictitious - of the bonds between saints and particular places. In the first chapter I examine the ways in which saints' Lives reinterpreted why missionaries left Britain, in order to make the saints appeal to Irish- or Benedictineinfluenced audiences. The next two chapters consider how monastic centres (for example Monte Cassino in Italy) and the papacy in Rome contributed to the image of the saint as a person spiritual and earthly authority~ in particular, the relation ofthe vitae to eighth and ninth century ecclesiastical and Benedictine reforms is considered. Chapter four studies in detail Hygeburg's Vita Willibaldi et Wynnebaldi, and argues that her account of Willi bald's pilgrimage to the Holy Land should be seen within the exegetical and liturgical contexts ofEichsUitt in Bavaria, where it was written down. In the final two chapters I examine the ways hagiographers portrayed the transformation of the German and Frisian physical and cultural landscapes through the missionary work and church building of saints like Boniface~ it is argued that, since most of the evidence for these activities is either spurious or contradictory, the reputation of the Anglo-Saxon missions as establishing the 'foundations of Christian Europe' is largely a product of literary responses to a range of problems faced by communities east of the Rhine between 754 and 888. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the factors that shaped Carolingian accounts of the missions, and outlines potential aspects of Carolingian hagiography and the missions that are in need of further study or re-evaluation.
Dissertation
Synthesis of Imido Analogs of the Uranyl Ion
Here we describe the synthesis of two imido analogs of the uranyl ion, UO²⁺₂, in which the oxygens are replaced by divalent alkyl or aryl nitrogen groups: U(N[superscript t]Bu)₂I₂(THF)₂ (1) and U(NPh)₂I₂(THF)₃ (2) (where [superscript t]Bu is tert-butyl and THF is tetrahydrofuran). Both compounds have been fully characterized by standard analytical techniques, including x-ray crystallography, and the chemical bonding between the metal center and the nitrogen ligands was quantified by using hybrid density functional theory calculations. As expected for a uranyl analog, these complexes exhibit linear N-U-N linkages and very short U-N bonds. In addition, the theoretical calculations show strong involvement of the 5f and 6d electrons in the U-N bonding.
Journal Article
