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This study aimed to investigate gelation in glycerol monooleate (GMO)-stabilized water-in-canola oil (W/CO) emulsions by increasing water content (20–50 wt.%) and the addition of low methoxyl pectin (LMP) in the aqueous phase. A constant ratio of GMO to water was used to keep a similar droplet size in all emulsions. Hydrogenated soybean oil (7 wt.%) was used to provide network stabilization in the continuous phase. All fresh emulsions with LMP in the aqueous phase formed a stable and self-supported matrix with higher viscosity and gel strength than emulsions without LMP. Emulsion viscosity and gel strength increased with an increase in water content. All emulsions showed gel-like properties (storage moduli (G’) > loss moduli (G’’)) related to the presence of LMP in the aqueous phase and increased water content. Freeze/thaw analysis using a differential scanning calorimeter showed improved stability of the water droplets in the presence of LMP in the aqueous phase. This study demonstrated the presence of LMP in the aqueous phase, its interaction with GMO at the interface, and fat crystals in the continuous phase that could support the water droplets’ aggregation to obtain stable elastic W/CO emulsions that could be used as low-fat table spreads.

Our body is constantly exposed to pathogens or external threats, but with the immune response that our body can develop, we can fight off and defeat possible attacks or infections. Nevertheless, sometimes this threat comes from an internal factor. Situations such as the existence of a tumour also cause our immune system (IS) to be put on alert. Indeed, the link between immunology and cancer is evident these days, with IS being used as one of the important targets for treating cancer. Our IS is able to eliminate those abnormal or damaged cells found in our body, preventing the uncontrolled proliferation of tumour cells that can lead to cancer. However, in several cases, tumour cells can escape from the IS. It has been observed that immune cells, the extracellular matrix, blood vessels, fat cells and various molecules could support tumour growth and development. Thus, the developing tumour receives structural support, irrigation and energy, among other resources, making its survival and progression possible. All these components that accompany and help the tumour to survive and to grow are called the tumour microenvironment (TME). Given the importance of its presence in the tumour development process, this review will focus on one of the components of the TME: immune cells. Immune cells can support anti-tumour immune response protecting us against tumour cells; nevertheless, they can also behave as pro-tumoural cells, thus promoting tumour progression and survival. In this review, the anti-tumour and pro-tumour immunity of several immune cells will be discussed. In addition, the TME influence on this dual effect will be also analysed.

Biosurfactants (BS) are amphiphilic molecules that align at the interface reducing the surface tension. BS production is developed as an alternative to synthetic surfactants because they are biodegradable, with low toxicity and high specificity. BS are versatile, and this research proposes using a biosurfactant crude extract (BCE) as part of cleaning products. This paper reported the BCE production from Bacillus subtilis DS03 using a medium with molasses. The BCE product was characterized by different physical and chemical tests under a wide pH range, high temperatures, and emulsifying properties showing successful results. The water surface tension of 72 mN/m was reduced to 34 mN/m with BCE, achieving a critical micelle concentration at 24.66 ppm. BCE was also applied to polystyrene surface as pre-treatment to avoid microbial biofilm development, showing inhibition in more than 90% of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes above 2000 ppm BCE. The test continued using BCE as post-treatment to remove biofilms, reporting a significant reduction of 50.10% Escherichia coli, 55.77% Staphylococcus aureus, and 59.44% Listeria monocytogenes in a concentration higher than 250 ppm BCE. Finally, a comparison experiment was performed between sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and BCE (included in commercial formulation), reporting an efficient reduction with the mixtures. The results suggested that BCE is a promising ingredient for cleaning formulations with applications in industrial food applications.

Erythema multiforme is an acute muco-cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction with a variety of etiologies. It is characterized by a skin eruption, with or without oral or other mucous membrane lesions. General characteristics and treatmet have been described, but nail findings are rarely reported Here we present a 26-year-old patient with acral erythema multiforme and erythronychia adjacent to skin lesions on the back of the hands. To our knowledge this association had not been reported before.

Marbella has a wide range of luxury property rentals, which are the subject of study within the framework of the collaborative economy, where the Airbnb platform stands out as the most used channel. This research focuses on the analysis of the total number of luxury villas offered in Marbella by Airbnb Luxe and Luxury Retreats. The methodology was carried out in four phases: the first phase involved a review of the literature on tourism and luxury and a study of Marbella as a luxury destination. The second phase focused on the analysis of the types of accommodation that Marbella offers. The third phase focused on the collection of data from the analyzed platform: Airbnb Luxe and Luxury Retreats. Finally, qualitative research consisting of in-depth interviews with owners and real estate agents focused on the luxury sector in Marbella was carried out. The results obtained yield relevant conclusions: Marbella is one of the main luxury holiday destinations in Spain, and the most demanded type of luxe accommodation in Marbella is large luxury villas. The term ‘luxury’ can be subjective, referring to such things as the visible and non-visible aspects that determine the category of a luxury property, hence the need to carry out a study on the luxury segment to establish a precise definition.

Introduction Radical gastrectomy has traditionally been the pillar treatment with curative intent for malignant tumors of the stomach. The safety of the laparoscopic approach for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is still under debate. In our institution, laparoscopic gastrectomy is the most performed approach. Objective Our aim is to describe the experience of a high-volume center in the treatment of AGC in Colombia and to analyze the short-term results and the overall survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years comparing the open and laparoscopic approaches. Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study of patients who underwent gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer by open or laparoscopic approaches were performed. A Will-Coxon Mann Whitney test was performed in terms of lymph node status and surgical approach. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method for overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years. An initial log-rank test was performed to test the relationships between the operative variables and overall survival, the statistical value was accepted if p < 0.20. Data with an initial statistical relationship in the log-rank test were included in a secondary analysis using multivariate Cox proportional regression, variables with a value of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results 310 patients met the inclusion criteria. 89% underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy and 10.9% open gastrectomy. The resection margins were negative at 93.5% and the In terms of lymph node dissection, the median lymph nodes extracted was 20 (12;37), with statistically significant differences between the approaches in favor of the laparoscopic approach (Median 21 vs 12; z = − 2.19, p = 0.02). The survival rate was at 1, 3, and 5 years of 84.04%, 66.9%, and 65.47% respectively. The presence of complications and the ICU requirement have a negative impact on survival at 1 year (p 0.00). Conclusion A laparoscopic approach is safe with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates for treating gastric cancer. D2 Lymphadenectomy could be performed successfully in a laparoscopic approach in a high-volume center and a properly standardized technique. Major postoperative morbidity with intensive care unit requirement seems to influence overall survival rates.

El objetivo de este trabajo es interpretar el significado que el personal de la empresa de Cementos Tequendama le otorga a la innovación tomando como guía de investigación el Modelo de Innovación del autor Allan Afuah, mediante el estudio de caso y la entrevista en profundidad a informantes clave representados por personal seleccionado en la empresa. Los resultados demuestran que los principales factores que la empresa tiene en cuenta al desarrollar sus procesos de innovación son el análisis del entorno y los beneficios o lucros obtenidos. Los otros componentes, como el análisis de afectación y creación de valor para los diferentes grupos de interés, la protección de la innovación y el rol de los diferentes actores que participan del proceso, no están definidos, o se llevan a cabo de una forma rudimentaria. The aim of this work is to interpret the significance that Tequendama staff gives to innovation, taking the innovation model by the author Allan Afuah as a guide for the study, through the case study and in-depth interviews with key informants, represented by selected personnel in the company. The responses show that the main factors that the company has in mind when developing their innovation processes are the external and internal analysis, and the benefits obtained. The other components such as the analysis of impact and creation of value for different stakeholders, protection of innovation, and the role of the different players involved in the process, are not defined, or are carried out in a rudimentary form. O objetivo deste trabalho é interpretar o significado que o pessoal da empresa Cementos Tequendama atribui à inovação tendo como guia de investigação o Modelo de Inovação do autor Allan Afuah, mediante o estudo de caso e a entrevista em profundidade a informantes chave representados por pessoal selecionado na empresa. Os resultados demonstram que os principais fatores que a empresa leva em conta ao desenvolver os seus processos de inovação são: a análise do meio e benefícios ou lucros obtidos. Os outros componentes como a análise de afetação e criação de valor para os diferentes grupos de interesse, a proteção da inovação e o rol dos diferentes atores que participam no processo, não estão definidos, ou levam-se a cabo de uma forma rudimentar.

Skin necrosis at the site of heparin injections is a well-described complication of treatment with unfractionated or low-molecular weight (LMW) heparin, and should immediately suggest the presence of HIT. The decisive diagnostic procedure in heparin-induced necrosis is HIT antibody testing, histological examination and the chronological connection between the initiation of heparin therapy and the first appearance of skin necrosis; this usually occurs 5–10 days later, either at the site of injection or far from the area of puncture. Learning points Skin necrosis at either the heparin injection site or at a distance, should immediately suggest the presence of heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia (HIT), with a score of 2 points in the 4T's scoring system.