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"Qiu, Chen"
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Enigma of China
In line for the top politic position of the Shanghai Police Department, Chief Inspector Chen Cao is drawn into the investigation of a major party member's son, whose suspicious suicide in the face of corruption charges forces Chen to make a difficult choice.
Book
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Coinage Metal Cluster Scintillator
X-ray scintillators are widely used in medical imaging, industrial flaw detection, security inspection, and space exploration. However, traditional commercial scintillators are usually associated with a high use cost because of their substantial toxicity and easy deliquescence. In this work, an atomically precise Au–Cu cluster scintillator (1) with a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) property was facilely synthesized, which is environmentally friendly and highly stable to water and oxygen. The TADF property of 1 endows it with an ultrahigh exciton utilization rate. Combined with the effective absorption of X-ray caused by the heavy-atom effect and a limited nonradiative transition caused by close packing in the crystal state, 1 exhibits an excellent radioluminescence property. Moreover, 1 has good processability for fabricating a large, flexible thin-film device (10 cm × 10 cm) for high-resolution X-ray imaging, which can reach 40 μm (12.5 LP mm–1). The properties mentioned earlier make the coinage metal cluster promising for use as a substitute for traditional commercial scintillators.
Journal Article
Artificial intelligence (AI) -integrated educational applications and college students’ creativity and academic emotions: students and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes
Background
Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational applications is becoming increasingly prevalent, bringing opportunities and challenges to the learning environment. While AI applications have the potential to enhance structured learning, they may also significantly impact students’ creativity and academic emotions.
Objectives
This study aims to explore the effects of AI-integrated educational applications on college students’ creativity and academic emotions from the perspectives of both students and teachers. It also assessed undergraduate students’ and faculty’s attitudes to AI-integrated applications.
Methodology
A mixed-method research design was used. In the first phase, a qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing theoretical sampling to select informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with undergraduate students and university lecturers to gain comprehensive insights into their experiences and perceptions. A scale was developed, validated, and administered to 120 students and faculty in the quantitative phase. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data.
Findings
The study revealed that AI applications often impose rigid frameworks that constrain creative thinking and innovation, leading to emotional disengagement due to AI interactions’ repetitive and impersonal nature. Additionally, constant AI assessments heightened performance anxiety, and technical frustrations disrupted the learning process. Conversely, AI applications stimulated creativity by introducing new ideas and problem-solving techniques, enhanced engagement through interactive elements, provided personalized feedback, and supported emotional well-being with gamified elements and constant availability. Quantitative data also verified that teachers and students have positive attitudes toward the benefits and challenges of these applications.
Conclusions
AI integration in educational applications has a dual-edged impact on college students’ creativity and academic emotions. While there are notable benefits in stimulating creativity and enhancing engagement, significant challenges such as creativity constraints, emotional disengagement, and performance anxiety must be addressed. Balancing these factors requires thoughtful implementation and continuous evaluation to optimize the role of AI in education.
Journal Article
شعر من الصين
يتناول كتاب (شعر من الصين) والذي قام بتأليفه (نظم ماوتسي تونغ) في حوالي (110) صفحة من القطع المتوسط موضوع (الشعر الصيني) مستعرضا أبرز القصائد وشرحها التالية : القصيدة الأولى : تشانغ تشا، القصيدة الثانية : عش الكراكي الأصفر، القصيدة الثامنة : ثلاث مقطوعات، القصيدة السابعة عشرة : الخالدان، القصيدة الثامنة عشرة : طرد إله الطاعون.
Book
Computation and data driven discovery of topological phononic materials
The discovery of topological quantum states marks a new chapter in both condensed matter physics and materials sciences. By analogy to spin electronic system, topological concepts have been extended into phonons, boosting the birth of topological phononics (TPs). Here, we present a high-throughput screening and data-driven approach to compute and evaluate TPs among over 10,000 real materials. We have discovered 5014 TP materials and grouped them into two main classes of Weyl and nodal-line (ring) TPs. We have clarified the physical mechanism for the occurrence of single Weyl, high degenerate Weyl, individual nodal-line (ring), nodal-link, nodal-chain, and nodal-net TPs in various materials and their mutual correlations. Among the phononic systems, we have predicted the hourglass nodal net TPs in TeO
3
, as well as the clean and single type-I Weyl TPs between the acoustic and optical branches in half-Heusler LiCaAs. In addition, we found that different types of TPs can coexist in many materials (such as ScZn). Their potential applications and experimental detections have been discussed. This work substantially increases the amount of TP materials, which enables an in-depth investigation of their structure-property relations and opens new avenues for future device design related to TPs.
Topological phononic (TP) materials are attracting wide attentions and it is more difficult to seek TP materials compared to electronic materials. Here, the authors present a high-throughput screening and data-driven approach to discover 5014 TP materials and further clarify the mechanism for the occurrence of various TPs.
Journal Article
Intercalated architecture of MA2Z4 family layered van der Waals materials with emerging topological, magnetic and superconducting properties
The search for new two-dimensional monolayers with diverse electronic properties has attracted growing interest in recent years. Here, we present an approach to construct MA
2
Z
4
monolayers with a septuple-atomic-layer structure, that is, intercalating a MoS
2
-type monolayer MZ
2
into an InSe-type monolayer A
2
Z
2
. We illustrate this unique strategy by means of first-principles calculations, which not only reproduce the structures of MoSi
2
N
4
and MnBi
2
Te
4
that were already experimentally synthesized, but also predict 72 compounds that are thermodynamically and dynamically stable. Such an intercalated architecture significantly reconstructs the band structures of the constituents MZ
2
and A
2
Z
2
, leading to diverse electronic properties for MA
2
Z
4
, which can be classified according to the total number of valence electrons. The systems with 32 and 34 valence electrons are mostly semiconductors. Whereas, those with 33 valence electrons can be nonmagnetic metals or ferromagnetic semiconductors. In particular, we find that, among the predicted compounds, (Ca,Sr)Ga
2
Te
4
are topologically nontrivial by both the standard density functional theory and hybrid functional calculations. While VSi
2
P
4
is a ferromagnetic semiconductor and TaSi
2
N
4
is a type-I Ising superconductor. Moreover, WSi
2
P
4
is a direct gap semiconductor with peculiar spin-valley properties, which are robust against interlayer interactions. Our study thus provides an effective way of designing septuple-atomic-layer MA
2
Z
4
with unusual electronic properties to draw immediate experimental interest.
The discovery of a new two-dimensional van der Waals layered MoSi
2
N
4
material inspires many attentions. Here, the authors report intercalation strategies to explore a much wider range of MA
2
Z
4
family and predict amount of materials accessible to experimental verifications with emergent topological, magnetic or Ising superconductivity properties.
Journal Article
Manufacture-friendly nanostructured metals stabilized by dual-phase honeycomb shell
Refining grains to the nanoscale can greatly enhance the strength of metals. But the engineering applications of nanostructured metals are limited by their complex manufacturing technology and poor microstructural stability. Here we report a facile “Eutectoid element alloying→ Quenching→ Hot deformation” (EQD) strategy, which enables the mass production of a Ti6Al4V5Cu (wt.%) alloy with α-Ti grain size of 95 ± 32 nm. In addition, rapid co-precipitation of Ti
2
Cu and β phases forms a “dual-phase honeycomb shell” (DPHS) structure along the grain boundaries and effectively stabilizes the α-grains. The instability temperature of the nanostructured Ti6Al4V5Cu alloy reaches 973 K (0.55
T
m
). The room temperature tensile strength approaches 1.52 ± 0.03 GPa, which is 60% higher than the Ti6Al4V counterpart without sacrificing its ductility. Furthermore, the tensile elongation at 923 K exceeds 1000%. The aforementioned strategy paves a new pathway to develop manufacture-friendly nanostructured materials and it also has great potential for application in other alloy systems.
Engineering applications of nanostructured metals are limited by their complex manufacturing technology and poor microstructural stability. Here the authors report a facile technology that enables a mass production of nanostructured Ti6Al4V5Cu alloys with high microstructural stability.
Journal Article
Tumour heterogeneity and intercellular networks of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at single cell resolution
The heterogeneous nature of tumour microenvironment (TME) underlying diverse treatment responses remains unclear in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, we profile 176,447 cells from 10 NPC tumour-blood pairs, using single-cell transcriptome coupled with T cell receptor sequencing. Our analyses reveal 53 cell subtypes, including tumour-infiltrating CD8
+
T, regulatory T (Treg), and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as malignant cells with different Epstein-Barr virus infection status. Trajectory analyses reveal exhausted CD8
+
T and immune-suppressive TNFRSF4
+
Treg cells in tumours might derive from peripheral CX3CR1
+
CD8
+
T and naïve Treg cells, respectively. Moreover, we identify immune-regulatory and tolerogenic LAMP3
+
DCs. Noteworthily, we observe intensive inter-cell interactions among LAMP3
+
DCs, Treg, exhausted CD8
+
T, and malignant cells, suggesting potential cross-talks to foster an immune-suppressive niche for the TME. Collectively, our study uncovers the heterogeneity and interacting molecules of the TME in NPC at single-cell resolution, which provide insights into the mechanisms underlying NPC progression and the development of precise therapies for NPC.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a diverse cancer characterised by a heterogeneous microenvironment. Here, the authors use single cell sequencing to analyse the tumour microenvironment in 10 nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumours and identify different cell types including immune-suppressive T regulatory, tolerogenic dendritic, and exhausted CD8 T cells.
Journal Article
Liquid-liquid phase separation and extracellular multivalent interactions in the tale of galectin-3
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) explains many intracellular activities, but its role in extracellular functions has not been studied to the same extent. Here we report how LLPS mediates the extracellular function of galectin-3, the only monomeric member of the galectin family. The mechanism through which galectin-3 agglutinates (acting as a “bridge” to aggregate glycosylated molecules) is largely unknown. Our data show that its N-terminal domain (NTD) undergoes LLPS driven by interactions between its aromatic residues (two tryptophans and 10 tyrosines). Our lipopolysaccharide (LPS) micelle model shows that the NTDs form multiple weak interactions to other galectin-3 and then aggregate LPS micelles. Aggregation is reversed when interactions between the LPS and the carbohydrate recognition domains are blocked by lactose. The proposed mechanism explains many of galectin-3’s functions and suggests that the aromatic residues in the NTD are interesting drug design targets.
Galectin-3 consists of an unstructured N-terminal domain (NTD) and a structured carbohydrate-recognition domain and agglutinates neutrophils and glycosylated molecules in the extracellular milieu. Here the authors combine biophysical and biochemical experiments with NMR measurements and show that the galectin-3 NTD undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and agglutinates other molecules through this process.
Journal Article