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"Rossi, R."
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I see the promised land : a life of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Presents in graphic novel format the life of the Baptist minister and Noble Peace Prize winner who became the leader and orator of the African American civil rights movement before his assassination in 1968.
BOOK
Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma
Patients with melanoma and positive sentinel nodes were randomly assigned to completion lymph-node dissection or observation. Melanoma-specific survival did not differ significantly between the groups.
Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy is a standard procedure in the care of appropriately selected patients with melanoma. The first Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-I) confirmed the value of early nodal evaluation and treatment.
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This prospective, international, randomized trial showed that the pathologic status of the sentinel node or nodes was the most important prognostic factor and that patients who underwent sentinel-node biopsy had fewer recurrences of melanoma than patients who underwent wide excision and nodal observation. Among patients with intermediate-thickness melanomas (defined as 1.2 to 3.5 mm) and nodal metastases, early surgical treatment, guided by sentinel-node biopsy, was associated with increased . . .
Journal Article
Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease
Patients with myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity CRP level of 2 mg or more per liter were assigned to one of three canakinumab doses or placebo. The 150-mg dose, but not the 50-mg or 300-mg dose, led to a lower incidence of recurrent cardiovascular events.
Journal Article
“Playing the beat”: Occurrence of Bio-duck calls in Santos Basin (Brazil) reveals a complex acoustic behaviour for the Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)
The Antarctic minke whale ( Balaenoptera bonaerensis ) (AMW) is one of the smallest species among baleen whales, occurring in the southern hemisphere from Antarctica to near the equator, and performing seasonal migrations from polar to tropical waters. Information about (AMW) occurrence in the winter breeding grounds is scarce, mostly coming from old records from whaling stations before the 1960’s international moratorium, such as Costinha Station in Northeastern Brazil (6° S / 34° W) and some sightings from few dedicated visual surveys. Acoustic methods can provide important data on the occurrence and distribution of migratory species. This work describes the occurrence of the Antarctic minke whale through acoustic detections of their “Bioduck” vocalisations in the Santos Basin, South-Southeastern Brazil (22° and 28° S / 42° and 48° W). Data was recorded between November 12 and December 19, 2015. AMW calls were detected for 12 days. We detected and classified 9 different Bio-duck calls in Brazilian coastal waters, evidencing a highly diverse acoustic behavior for the minke whale breeding ground. This is the first attempt to describe the acoustic diversity of AMW vocalizations in lower latitudes, contributing important information for future conservation efforts and management of AMW populations and their habitat. Therefore, our study presents the foremost acoustic evidence of the Antarctic minke whale in Brazilian coastal waters.
Journal Article
One-year efficacy of a lifestyle behavioural intervention on physical and mental health in people with severe mental disorders: results from a randomized controlled trial
This multicentric randomized controlled trial (RCT), carried out in six Italian University mental health sites, aims to test the efficacy of a six-month psychosocial intervention (LYFESTYLE) on Body Mass Index (BMI), body weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, Framingham and HOmeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indexes in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. Moreover, the efficacy of the intervention has also been tested on several other physical and mental health domains. Patients were randomly allocated to receive the six-month experimental intervention (LIFESTYLE) or a behavioural control intervention. All enrolled patients were assessed at baseline and after one year. We recruited 401 patients (206 in the experimental and 195 in the control group) with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder (29.9%), bipolar disorder (43.3%), or major depression (26.9%). At one year, patients receiving the experimental intervention reported an improvement in body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, HOMA-IR index, anxiety and depressive symptoms and in quality of life. Our findings confirm the efficacy of the LIFESTYLE intervention in improving physical and mental health-related outcomes in patients with severe mental illnesses after one year.
Journal Article
Authorship of Italian medical literature on neuroendocrine neoplasms: any gender gap?
Purpose
While males have dominated the physician lines over the last decades the recent female doctors’ number increasing might progressively reduce this gender gap. This might be not fully true in the academic/research area. We aimed to analyze the gender distribution of first/senior Italian authors on neuroendocrine neoplasm papers published on peer reviewed journals.
Methods
Publications from January 2019 to September 2023 were reviewed; only papers with first and/or senior Italian authors were included. First/senior author gender, type of article, co-authorship with foreign authors were the variable analyzed.
Results
742 papers with Italian first and/or senior authors were retrieved, 449 (60.5%) multicentric, 285 (38.4%) original articles. A female author was first and senior author in 386/742 (52%) and in 228/742 (31%) papers, respectively. 150 (20.2%) papers included foreign coauthors, being an Italian female researcher first author in 50 papers (33%), senior author in 28 (18.6%). The number of Italian female first/senior authors has been increasing over the years (22 in 2019, 113 in 2022; 16 in 2019, 62 in 2022, respectively). The first/senior female authors were mainly Oncologists/Endocrinologists/Pathologists rather than Gastroenterologists/Nuclear Medicine doctors/Surgeons/Radiologists.
Conclusion
There has been an increase in the prevalence of female authorship of published research in the neuroendocrine setting over the last 5 years, which partially reflects the current distributions in this field, taking into account that several specialties with different gender distribution are involved. However, senior authorship continues to be primarily men. Efforts should be made to improve proportionate gender representation in both clinical and academic/research setting.
Journal Article
Including thermal sensation into accuracy criteria for building simulation models
Including thermal sensation into building simulation calibration is a novel idea when designing human-centred building operation concepts. So far, the same percentual error limits are applied to all indoor parameters, which are unrelated to their effect on occupant thermal sensation. This study aims to quantify the error propagation of indoor parameters, such as air temperature and air speed, on thermal sensation prediction and establish related error limits for these two parameters in building simulation. The thermal sensation was obtained using the human thermoregulation model with integrated dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) model and considering seasonal scenarios. The Morris method was employed to assess DTS sensitivities to changes of indoor temperature and air speed and error limits were determined based on these sensitivities and acceptable DTS errors. The combined error effect of the two parameters on DTS was also showcased. The results show that to ensure DTS prediction error within ±0.5 on a 7-point scale, air temperature and air speed require the highest accuracy in winter, which is ±1.93˚C and ±0.10m/s, respectively. The combined error effect is most significant in summer, which could bring an additional DTS error of up to 0.71. These error limits provide a more targeted reference for building simulation calibration by considering occupants’ thermal response.
Journal Article
Including thermal sensation into accuracy criteria for building simulation models
Including thermal sensation into building simulation calibration is a novel idea when designing human-centred building operation concepts. So far, the same percentual error limits are applied to all indoor parameters, which are unrelated to their effect on occupant thermal sensation. This study aims to quantify the error propagation of indoor parameters, such as air temperature and air speed, on thermal sensation prediction and establish related error limits for these two parameters in building simulation. The thermal sensation was obtained using the human thermoregulation model with integrated dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) model and considering seasonal scenarios. The Morris method was employed to assess DTS sensitivities to changes of indoor temperature and air speed and error limits were determined based on these sensitivities and acceptable DTS errors. The combined error effect of the two parameters on DTS was also showcased. The results show that to ensure DTS prediction error within ±0.5 on a 7-point scale, air temperature and air speed require the highest accuracy in winter, which is ±1.93˚C and ±0.10m/s, respectively. The combined error effect is most significant in summer, which could bring an additional DTS error of up to 0.71. These error limits provide a more targeted reference for building simulation calibration by considering occupants’ thermal response.
Journal Article
Characterizing human thermal exposure using a multi-sensor passive manikin in personal comfort systems
Personal comfort systems (PCSs) have the potential to save substantial amounts of energy in buildings while maintaining individual thermal comfort. However, the guideline of long-term operation and selection of most suitable PCS is still lacking. The occupant is typically exposed to highly heterogeneous local environments when using PCS. To better understand the PCS effect on human thermal comfort, the occupant exposure conditions have to be adequately characterized and quantified. This study aims to develop a new method using a multi-sensor passive manikin to characterize human thermal exposure with great spatial resolution. We have assessed the validity of this new method by comparison with conventional methods (e.g., ISO 7726, ASHRAE 55 recommend measuring environmental parameters at three fixed heights) for two cases of PCS, such as a desk fan for convective cooling, and a radiant heating panel for warming. The results revealed that the manikin-based and conventional methods produced consistent measurements in homogeneous environments. In PCS-induced heterogeneous environments, the manikin outperformed the traditional methods by capturing localized airflow variations and asymmetric radiant temperature distributions. This work highlights the strengths of the manikin-based method in providing high-resolution, occupant-oriented data to assess PCS performance and guide its implementation for improved thermal comfort and energy efficiency.
Journal Article
Characterizing human thermal exposure using a multi-sensor passive manikin in personal comfort systems
Personal comfort systems (PCSs) have the potential to save substantial amounts of energy in buildings while maintaining individual thermal comfort. However, the guideline of long-term operation and selection of most suitable PCS is still lacking. The occupant is typically exposed to highly heterogeneous local environments when using PCS. To better understand the PCS effect on human thermal comfort, the occupant exposure conditions have to be adequately characterized and quantified. This study aims to develop a new method using a multi-sensor passive manikin to characterize human thermal exposure with great spatial resolution. We have assessed the validity of this new method by comparison with conventional methods (e.g., ISO 7726, ASHRAE 55 recommend measuring environmental parameters at three fixed heights) for two cases of PCS, such as a desk fan for convective cooling, and a radiant heating panel for warming. The results revealed that the manikin-based and conventional methods produced consistent measurements in homogeneous environments. In PCS-induced heterogeneous environments, the manikin outperformed the traditional methods by capturing localized airflow variations and asymmetric radiant temperature distributions. This work highlights the strengths of the manikin-based method in providing high-resolution, occupant-oriented data to assess PCS performance and guide its implementation for improved thermal comfort and energy efficiency.
Journal Article