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Floods are one of the most destructive disasters that cause loss of life and property worldwide every year. In this study, the aim was to find the best-performing model in flood sensitivity assessment and analyze key characteristic factors, the spatial pattern of flood sensitivity was evaluated using three machine learning (ML) models: Logistic Regression (LR), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF). Suqian City in Jiangsu Province was selected as the study area, and a random sample dataset of historical flood points was constructed. Fifteen different meteorological, hydrological, and geographical spatial variables were considered in the flood sensitivity assessment, 12 variables were selected based on the multi-collinearity study. Among the results of comparing the selected ML models, the RF method had the highest AUC value, accuracy, and comprehensive evaluation effect, and is a reliable and effective flood risk assessment model. As the main output of this study, the flood sensitivity map is divided into five categories, ranging from very low to very high sensitivity. Using the RF model (i.e., the highest accuracy of the model), the high-risk area covers about 44% of the study area, mainly concentrated in the central, eastern, and southern parts of the old city area.

Poly ADP‐ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have shown promising therapeutic efficacy in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. However, resistance ultimately develops, preventing a curative effect from being attained. Extensive investigations have indicated the diversity in the mechanisms underlying the PARPi sensitivity of breast cancer. In this study, we found that DNA damage binding protein 2 (DDB2), a DNA damage‐recognition factor, could protect TNBC cells from PARPi by regulating DNA double‐strand break repair through the homologous recombination pathway, whereas the depletion of DDB2 sensitizes TNBC cells to PARPi. Furthermore, we found that DDB2 was able to stabilize Rad51 by physical association and disrupting its ubiquitination pathway‐induced proteasomal degradation. These findings highlight an essential role of DDB2 in modulating homologous recombination pathway activity and suggest a promising therapeutic target for TNBC. We found that DNA damage binding protein 2 (DDB2), a DNA damage‐recognition factor, could protect triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells from poly ADP‐ribose polymerase inhibitors by regulating the homologous recombination pathway of DNA double‐strand break repair, whereas the depletion of DDB2 sensitizes TNBC cells to poly ADP‐ribose polymerase inhibitors. Furthermore, we found that DDB2 was able to stabilize Rad51 by disrupting its ubiquitination pathway‐induced proteasomal degradation. These findings highlight an essential role of DDB2 in modulating homologous recombination pathway activity and suggest a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.

Source facilities can manage stormwater runoff pollutants while also limiting runoff volume in China’s sponge city construction. However, there is no apparent link between source volume control and runoff pollution reduction. This research uses SWMM to develop a model based on the basic data of a city’s catchment zone in northern China in order to statistically examine the response relationship between the initial runoff volume capture of sponge city construction and the reduction effect of stormwater runoff pollution. Based on the dimensionless constant of the runoff pollution control curve, we suggested a novel approach for evaluating runoff pollution control effectiveness. This method was used to examine the response relationship between runoff volume control and runoff pollution control in three typical initial runoff volume capture facilities in the study area, namely bioretention, permeable pavement, rain barrels, and terminal storage tanks, under various design rainfall conditions. The dimensionless constant (Dc) has good practical application value and can quantitatively quantify the control effect of various facilities on stormwater runoff pollution. The Dc value of the source facilities is higher than that of the terminal control facilities, indicating that the source facilities have a higher ability to reduce rainwater runoff pollution than the terminal facilities, particularly the infiltration facilities. The research ideas and evaluation methods proposed in this paper provide an alternative approach for selecting and optimizing facilities during the planning and designing stages of sponge city construction, which can also be used in the monitoring and evaluation stage after completion to carry out a more effective evaluation of sponge facilities’ effects.

Ruscogenin-1-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→3)] -β-D-fucopyranoside (Rus-GXF) is a ruscogenin glycoside of (Decaisne) L. H. Bailey, yet its protective effects against acute lung injury-a condition characterized by exacerbated inflammation and barrier damage have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the preventive and therapeutic effects of Rus-GXF on acute lung injury (ALI) were investigated using transcriptome RNA sequencing, network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and other and experiments. Rus-GXF suppressed inflammatory responses in two key cell types involved in lung injury. In immune cells (RAW264.7), it inhibited the production of pivotal pro-inflammatory mediators and their regulatory genes. Similarly, in pulmonary epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), it reduced the expression of inflammatory signals and concurrently enhanced markers of cellular tight junction proteins. In mice, Rus-GXF alleviated ALI severity, evidenced by decreased lung wet/dry ratio, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein content, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and histopathological scores. Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics indicated that Rus-GXF acts through multi-target mechanisms in ALI. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed that Rus-GXF acts as an allosteric inhibitor of JAK1, thereby preventing its activation and subsequent STAT3 phosphorylation. The inhibitory effect of Rus-GXF on the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot analysis (WB). These results demonstrate that Rus-GXF suppresses the macrophage-derived cytokine storm, alleviates inflammation, and improves barrier function. It functions as a JAK1 inhibitor to regulate ALI progression via the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Alzheimer's disease is a primary age-related neurodegenerative disorder that can result in impaired cognitive and memory functions. Although connections between changes in brain networks of Alzheimer's disease patients have been established, the mechanisms that drive these alterations remain incompletely understood. This study, which was conducted in 2018 at Northeastern University in China, included data from 97 participants of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset covering genetics, imaging, and clinical data. All participants were divided into two groups: normal control (n = 52; 20 males and 32 females; mean age 73.90 ± 4.72 years) and Alzheimer's disease (n = 45, 23 males and 22 females; mean age 74.85 ± 5.66). To uncover the wiring mechanisms that shaped changes in the topology of human brain networks of Alzheimer's disease patients, we proposed a local naïve Bayes brain network model based on graph theory. Our results showed that the proposed model provided an excellent fit to observe networks in all properties examined, including clustering coefficient, modularity, characteristic path length, network efficiency, betweenness, and degree distribution compared with empirical methods. This proposed model simulated the wiring changes in human brain networks between controls and Alzheimer's disease patients. Our results demonstrate its utility in understanding relationships between brain tissue structure and cognitive or behavioral functions. The ADNI was performed in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice guidelines, US 21CFR Part 50-Protection of Human Subjects, and Part 56-Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)/Research Good Clinical Practice guidelines Institutional Review Boards (IRBs)/Research Ethics Boards (REBs).

Background Picea brachytyla is a unique tree species in China. Due to being extensively exploited in the past, it is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List. It is mainly distributed across the Hengduan and Daba-Qinglin mountains and has been found in other areas including Sichuan Province and Qinghai Province, China. Microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are widely used in correlational studies of genetic protection. Few markers have been developed for P. brachytyla because of the small number of trees and scholarly resources available for study. Methods and Results The genomic DNA of P. brachytyla was sequenced using the DNBSEQ platform, and unigenes were obtained after assembly and deredundancy. Of the 100 primer pairs screened, we isolated 10 useful microsatellite loci from P. brachytyla genes. The observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.173 (P24) to 0.788 (P79; mean 0.469) and 0.199 (P87) to 0.911 (P79; mean 0.700), respectively. Polymorphism-information content (PIC) ranged from 0.190 (P84) to 0.904 (P79; mean 0.666). Only P84 and P72 were in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( P  > 0.05) in the different P. brachytyla populations. All the levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) were high for the 10 SSR loci indicating that there were no autocorrelations among the 10 SSR loci. Conclusions The novel polymorphic microsatellite markers showed high polymorphism for P. brachytyla . These polymorphic microsatellites can provide a basis for future conservation and genetic research on this rare plant species.

To enhance the microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment and chemical oxygen demand degradation, TiO2 nanotubes arrays (TNA) are successfully synthesized on Ti foil substrate by the anodization process in HF and NH4F solution, respectively (hereafter, denoted as TNA‐HF and TNA‐NF). The differences between the two kinds of TNA are revealed based on their morphologies and spectroscopic characterizations. It should be highlighted that 3D TNA‐NF with an appropriate dimension can make a positive contribution to the high photocatalytic activity. In comparison with the TNA‐HF, the 3D TNA‐NF sample exhibits a significant enhancement in current generation as the MFC anode. In particular, the TNA‐NF performs nearly 1.23 times higher than the TNA‐HF, and near twofold higher than the carbon felt. It is found that the two kinds of TiO2‐based anodes have different conductivities and corrosion potentials, which are responsible for the difference in their current generation performances. Based on the experimental results, excellent stability, reliability, and low cost, TNA‐NF can be considered a promising and scalable MFC bioanode material. Microbial fuel cells represent a promising method of harvesting renewable energy, which can turn organic wastes into electrical energy and provide a potential solution to environmental problems as well. As one kind of important electrode material, TiO2 nanotube arrays have excellent performance in both power generation and chemical oxygen removal as a result of its unique nanostructure.

A lot of facts show that many researches just place emphasis on data aggregation or data fusion, which is not beneficial to analyze the sensed data thoroughly and will lead to the aggregation results' not being used fully; worse yet, the actual networks are always existed with lossy links; many now available aggregation algorithms are based on ideal network models and not any further analysis and fusion about aggregation results are done. Thus, we propose the concept of data fusaggregation so as to support processing sensed data while transmitting in large-scale probabilistic wireless sensor networks and propose a reliability-oriented data fusaggregation algorithm (RODFA) to assist users to get the monitoring information from the monitored geographic environment and measure the reliability of the information they get. RODFA also facilitates network administrator to improve the system sensing performance for large-scale probabilistic WSNs. In RODFA, the parameter η, which could reflect the reliability of aggregation result intuitively, is defined and calculated and it plays an important part in helping users to process aggregation result further. In our experiment, the validity of RODFA is verified by our simulation results, and the influence of network sizes and network performances on data fusaggregation is analyzed.

Solving the problem of waterlogging is of great significance to the protection of historic districts and urban renewal. To solve the problem of waterlogging, it is necessary to comprehensively consider technical aspects such as the “Major-Minor-Micro” drainage system and the connection of urban/watershed flood control systems. At the same time, attention should be paid to the role of management in the entire system. However, there are a series of problems in the current waterlogging prevention and control system in China’s historic districts. The effectiveness improvement plan of the waterlogging prevention and control system is not sufficiently targeted. The various subsystems in the waterlogging prevention and control system play a role in poor coordination. The waterlogging prevention and control system does not work closely with the flood control system. Different management departments have weak coordination in the prevention and control of waterlogging. Aiming at the problems in the waterlogging prevention and control system in historic districts, this paper proposed a series of countermeasures. The waterlogging prevention and control system in historic districts should make full use of the current advanced concepts and practical experience of stormwater management. In order to enhance the role of the waterlogging prevention and control system in historic districts, specific issues should be analyzed in detail. The waterlogging prevention and control system in historic districts needs to be divided into different levels. The waterlogging prevention and control system should be aligned with historic attributes and be highly pertinent. The waterlogging prevention and control system should be closely coordinated with the larger-scale flood control system. At the same time, the intelligent management platform should be used to increase the supervision of the whole process of waterlogging in historic districts.

Due to water shortage, municipal reclaimed water rather than surface water was replenished into recycling cooling water system in power plants in some cities in China. In order to understand the effects of the measure on carbon steel corrosion, characteristics of two kinds of foulant produced in different systems were studied in the paper. Differences between municipal reclaimed water and surface water were analyzed firstly. Then, the weight and the morphology of two kinds of foulant were compared. Moreover, other characteristics including the total number of bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, iron bacteria, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), protein (PN), and polysaccharide (PS) in foulant were analyzed. Based on results, it could be concluded that microbial and corrosive risk would be increased when the system replenished by municipal reclaimed water instead of surface water.