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Improvements of the Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (DOISST) Version 2.1
The NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (SST), version 2.0, dataset (DOISST v2.0) is a blend of in situ ship and buoy SSTs with satellite SSTs derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). DOISST v2.0 exhibited a cold bias in the Indian, South Pacific, and South Atlantic Oceans that is due to a lack of ingested drifting-buoy SSTs in the system, which resulted from a gradual data format change from the traditional alphanumeric codes (TAC) to the binary universal form for the representation of meteorological data (BUFR). The cold bias against Argo was about −0.14°C on global average and −0.28°C in the Indian Ocean from January 2016 to August 2019. We explored the reasons for these cold biases through six progressive experiments. These experiments showed that the cold biases can be effectively reduced by adjusting ship SSTs with available buoy SSTs, using the latest available ICOADS R3.0.2 derived from merging BUFR and TAC, as well as by including Argo observations above 5-m depth. The impact of using the satellite MetOp-B instead of NOAA-19 was notable for high-latitude oceans but small on global average, since their biases are adjusted using in situ SSTs. In addition, the warm SSTs in the Arctic were improved by applying a freezing point instead of regressed ice-SST proxy. This paper describes an upgraded version, DOISST v2.1, which addresses biases in v2.0. Overall, by updating v2.0 to v2.1, the biases are reduced to −0.07° and −0.14°C in the global ocean and Indian Ocean, respectively, when compared with independent Argo observations and are reduced to −0.04° and −0.08°C in the global ocean and Indian Ocean, respectively, when compared with dependent Argo observations. The difference against the Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST) Multiproduct Ensemble (GMPE) product is reduced from −0.09° to −0.01°C in the global oceans and from −0.20° to −0.04°C in the Indian Ocean.
Journal Article
رجل النظام البوليسي
بطل الرواية ضابط أمن دولة يدعى (ليو دميدوف) تفتتح الرواية به وهو يطارد أحد خونة الدولة السوفييتية، ويقبض عليه بطريقة إعجازية، إن دميدوف نموذج للمواطن السوفييتي المؤمن بالشيوعية وبالدولة، والذي يتفهم ضرورة القضاء على أعداء الدولة وحمايتها من الاختراق، متزوج من امرأة جميلة تدعى ريزا، مدمن على المنشطات، ويرأس مجموعة من الضباط يبرز بينهم (فاسيلي) الذي يكره ليو ويكرهه ليو بدوره. هذه الحياة سرعان ما تنقلب في ذلك الجو المرعب، المليء بالدسائس، حيث يمكن للإنسان أن ينام وهو موال للدولة ليستيقظ على كشاف يبهر بصره ويأخذه لجلسة تعذيب ومن ثم محاكمة سريعة وإعدام بالرصاص - في الثلاثينات تخلص ستالين من قائد الأمن لأنه كان بطيئا في إجراءاته، واستبدله بالشيطان القزم نيقولاي ييزوف الذي قلص الفترة ما بين القبض على الشخص والتحقيق معه وإعدامه إلى 48 ساعة.
Book
Alevin efficiently estimates accurate gene abundances from dscRNA-seq data
We introduce alevin, a fast end-to-end pipeline to process droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing data, performing cell barcode detection, read mapping, unique molecular identifier (UMI) deduplication, gene count estimation, and cell barcode whitelisting. Alevin’s approach to UMI deduplication considers transcript-level constraints on the molecules from which UMIs may have arisen and accounts for both gene-unique reads and reads that multimap between genes. This addresses the inherent bias in existing tools which discard gene-ambiguous reads and improves the accuracy of gene abundance estimates. Alevin is considerably faster, typically eight times, than existing gene quantification approaches, while also using less memory.
Journal Article
The complete scripts London spy
This gripping, contemporary, emotional thriller from Tom Rob Smith, bestselling author of Child 44 and The Farm, tells the story of a chance romance between two people from very different worlds. Danny - gregarious, hedonistic and romantic - falls in love with the enigmatic and brilliant Alex. Then Alex disappears. When Danny finds Alex's body, he is forced to pursue the truth behind his death. This volume of complete scripts is a brilliant companion to the ratings-winning BBC1 series first shown in November 2015 and set for DVD release in May 2016.
Book
The reflection of a planar impulsive shock wave at a liquid–gas interface
The reflection of a shock pulse at a liquid–gas interface occurs in many applications, from lithotripsy to underwater explosions and additive manufacturing. In linear theory, reflection and transmission at an interface depend only on the impedance difference, but this does not hold for a nonlinear pulse. This work develops an analytical framework for computing the reflection and transmission coefficients for an impulsive shock wave at a liquid–gas interface. The problem is treated analytically by considering idealised pulses and solving a series of consecutive Riemann problems. These correspond to the initial interaction with the interface and important subsequent wave interactions that enable a complete description of the process to be obtained. Comparisons with numerical and existing analytical approaches are made for the case of a water–air interface. In the acoustic limit, the method produces results identical to those of linear acoustic theory. As the pulse strength increases, the proposed method agrees well with numerical simulation results, whereas existing analytical methods that consider only the interface fail. We detail how a reflecting pulse can put water into tension without any incident negative pressure. It is further shown that the magnitude of the reflection coefficient decreases with increasing incident shock pressure, and the reflected pulse widens. Reflections of pulses with positive and negative pressures temporarily create negative pressure regions with greater magnitude than the incident pulse. Finally, we consider non-idealised waves. Comparisons with simulations show that the reflection characteristics can be explained qualitatively using the analytical method, and the reflection coefficients are predicted accurately.
Journal Article
Jules Verne's Around the world in 80 days : a graphic novel
In this graphic retelling of the classic novel, Phileas Fogg bets his friends in London that in the year 1872 he can travel around the world in eighty days--and he and his personal attendant, Passepartout, find danger and romance on the journey.
Book
Combining LOPIT with differential ultracentrifugation for high-resolution spatial proteomics
The study of protein localisation has greatly benefited from high-throughput methods utilising cellular fractionation and proteomic profiling. Hyperplexed Localisation of Organelle Proteins by Isotope Tagging (hyperLOPIT) is a well-established method in this area. It achieves high-resolution separation of organelles and subcellular compartments but is relatively time- and resource-intensive. As a simpler alternative, we here develop Localisation of Organelle Proteins by Isotope Tagging after Differential ultraCentrifugation (LOPIT-DC) and compare this method to the density gradient-based hyperLOPIT approach. We confirm that high-resolution maps can be obtained using differential centrifugation down to the suborganellar and protein complex level. HyperLOPIT and LOPIT-DC yield highly similar results, facilitating the identification of isoform-specific localisations and high-confidence localisation assignment for proteins in suborganellar structures, protein complexes and signalling pathways. By combining both approaches, we present a comprehensive high-resolution dataset of human protein localisations and deliver a flexible set of protocols for subcellular proteomics.
Spatial proteomics allows studying cellular protein localisations at system-wide scale. Here, the authors show that combining the previously developed hyperLOPIT method with differential centrifugation yields protein localisation maps at suborganellar resolution while reducing analysis time and input material.
Journal Article
Anatomy of game design
\"Anatomy of Game Design takes some of the most popular and beloved games of all time and dissects them to see what makes them tick. By breaking down the systems and content of each game, the underlying systems of game design are laid bare. Ten games are analyzed - including Settlers of Catan, Centipede, Candy Crush Saga, Papers, Please, Magic: the Gathering, and more - each representing a different genre or era of game design. Each game is discussed in detail, using the same methods for each game. What are the verbs of the game that give the player agency? How do those verbs fit together to form a core loop that makes the game engaging? What are the systems that power the gameplay? What is the larger flow that makes the game interesting over and over again?\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Addressing liver disease in the UK: a blueprint for attaining excellence in health care and reducing premature mortality from lifestyle issues of excess consumption of alcohol, obesity, and viral hepatitis
Liver disease in the UK stands out as the one glaring exception to the vast improvements made during the past 30 years in health and life expectancy for chronic disorders such as stroke, heart disease, and many cancers. Mortality rates have increased 400% since 1970, and in people younger than 65 years have risen by almost five-times.
Journal Article