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The floating photovoltaic (FPV) array, which consists of tens or hundreds of rows of floating photovoltaic systems, exhibits great economic and environmental benefits. An FPV array arranged in the ocean will be subjected to the combined action of wind, waves, and currents during the installation, service, and maintenance processes; however, systematic research in this field is still lacking. As a representative of the FPV array, this study on the hydrodynamic characteristics of a single-row FPV system is a fundamental prerequisite for the safe design of large-scale FPV arrays in the near future. In this paper, based on the potential theory, a numerical model of a single-row FPV system with ten floating platforms is established with ANSYS-AQWA software. Following this, the hydrodynamic coefficients of a single floating platform are calculated and evaluated. After that, the dynamic responses of the FPV system under different load combinations are explored. Finally, the influence mechanism of wave parameters on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the FPV system is discussed in detail, including the wavelength and wave height. The results indicate that, within the scope of this study, the floating platforms have good seakeeping and stability. The wave load dominates for all conditions, and the presence of the current will affect the parameters of the wave. In addition, the relative relationship between the wavelength and the length of FPV system will affect their resonance effect, and the increase in wave height will significantly enhance the dynamic response of the FPV system. This study can help to provide references for the safety design of FPV arrays.

A haplotype block at the sclerostin ( SOST ) gene correlates with bone mineral density (BMD) and increased periodontitis risk in smokers. Investigating the putative causal variants within this block, our study aimed to elucidate the impact of linked enhancer elements on gene expression and to evaluate their role in transcription factor (TF) binding. Using CRISPR/dCas9 activation (CRISPRa) screening in SaOS-2 cells, we quantified disease-related enhancer activities regulating SOST expression. Additionally, in SaOS-2 cells, we investigated the influence of the candidate TFs CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB) on gene expression by antisense (GapmeR) knockdown, followed by RNA sequencing. The periodontitis-linked SNP rs9783823 displayed a significant cis-activating effect (25-fold change in SOST expression), with the C-allele containing a CEBPB binding motif (position weight matrix (PWM) =  0.98, P corrected =  7.7 x 10 -7 ). CEBPB knockdown induced genome-wide upregulation but decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes (P =  0.71, AUC =  2.2 x 10 -11 ). This study identifies a robust SOST cis-activating element linked to BMD and periodontitis, carrying CEBPB binding sites, and highlights CEBPB ’s impact on epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder with high morbidity and mortality. The current study aims to explore the role of Cullin-associated and neddylation-dissociated protein 1 (CAND1) in the development of NAFLD and the underlying mechanisms. CAND1 is reduced in the liver of NAFLD male patients and high fat diet (HFD)-fed male mice. CAND1 alleviates palmitate (PA) induced lipid accumulation in vitro. Hepatocyte-specific knockout of CAND1 exacerbates HFD-induced liver injury in HFD-fed male mice, while hepatocyte-specific knockin of CAND1 ameliorates these pathological changes. Mechanistically, deficiency of CAND1 enhances the assembly of Cullin1, F-box only protein 42 (FBXO42) and acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2) complexes, and thus promotes the ubiquitinated degradation of ACAA2. ACAA2 overexpression abolishes the exacerbated effects of CAND1 deficiency on NAFLD. Additionally, androgen receptor binds to the −187 to −2000 promoter region of CAND1 . Collectively, CAND1 mitigates NAFLD by inhibiting Cullin1/FBXO42 mediated ACAA2 degradation. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder with high morbidity and mortality, and there is no specific drug to treat it. Here, the authors show that the AR-CAND1-ACAA2 axis regulates the development of NAFLD, and enhancing the function of CAND1 is a promising strategy for the development of a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Background Compared with conventional transradial access (TRA), distal radial access (DRA) is rarely used for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and may be beneficial to prevent radial artery occlusion (RAO). We aimed to evaluate the incidence of RAO between DRA and TRA 24 h after primary PCI in patients with STEMI. Methods This is a single-center, open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial conducted at Beijing Luhe Hospital, China, between January 2022 and July 2023. Five hundred and twenty patients (mean age: 61.3 ± 13.0 years; 81% male) with STEMI were randomly assigned to the DRA ( n  = 260) or TRA ( n  = 260) group. Primary PCI was performed using the radial artery access assigned study group. The primary endpoint was the rate of RAO assessed using Doppler ultrasound 24 h after primary PCI. Secondary outcomes included time taken for sheath insertion, access success rate, hemostasis time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dosage, and access-related complications. Results The incidence of RAO was significantly lower in the DRA group than that in the TRA group (1.9% vs. 8.5%, P  = 0.001). Access was successful in 94.6% of patients, and the crossover rate was 5.4% in both groups. The median time taken for sheath insertion was significantly longer (133 s vs. 114 s, P  = 0.009), whereas the mean hemostasis time was shorter (209 ± 71 min vs. 372 ± 70 min, P  < 0.001) in the DRA group. The incidence of modified Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary Arteries (mEASY) ≥ II hematoma was lower in the DRA group (0.8% vs. 3.5%, P  = 0.033). However, there was no significant difference in fluoroscopy time, radiation dosage, or access-related complications. Conclusions In patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, compared with TRA, DRA prevented RAO 24 h postoperatively and was associated with shorter hemostasis time and a lower incidence of mEASY ≥ II hematoma. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT05461781.

Background During the second and third year after birth the gut microbiota (GM) is subjected to important development. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure could influence the GM in animal and early postnatal exposure is associated with neurodevelopment disorder in children. This study was designed to explore the possible influence of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and neurodevelopment in a sample of 38 healthy children at the age of 3 years. Methods A brief development (Gesell Development Inventory, GDI) and behavior test (Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL) were completed on 3-yr-olds and stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA V4-V5 sequencing. The PAH-DNA adduct in the umbilical cord blood and the urinary hydroxyl PAHs (OH-PAHs) at the age of 12 months were measured as pre- and postnatal PAH exposure, respectively. Results The most abundant two phyla were Bacteroidetes (68.6%) and Firmicutes (24.2%). The phyla Firmicutes , Actinobacteria , Proteobacteria , Tenericutes , and Lentisphaerae were positively correlated with most domain behaviors of the GDI, whereas the Bacteroidetes , Cyanobacteria , and Fusobacteria were negatively correlated. Correspondingly, the phyla Bacteroidetes , Actinobacteria , and Fusobacteria showed positive correlations with most CBCL core and broadband syndromes, whereas the Firmicutes , Verrucomicrobia , Synergistetes, Proteobacteria and Tenericules were negatively correlated. The OH-PAH levels were not significantly associated with the Firmicutes phylum whereas the Bacteroidetes , Bacteroidia , and Bacteroidales all showed significant negative association with the OH-PAH levels. Conclusion The current findings suggest that composition of the GM is associated with neurodevelopment of the child. PAHs seem to change the relative abundance of some taxa (some deleted and some recruited) to counteract the negative effects of the PAHs.

Compared with other topologies, the modular multilevel converter (MMC) has the advantages of higher scalability and lower harmonic distortion. When carrier-based pulse-width modulation approaches are used for the MMC, the number of carriers increases for more sub-modules, and the complexity of the control and the memory required increases as a result. In addition, the synchronization of several carriers is another issue. Due to the unique constructional characteristics of the MMC, circulating currents will be generated internally, causing distortions in the arm currents and, thus, unnecessary converter losses. In this paper, an improved 2N+1 pulse-width modulation approach with low control complexity and a circulating current suppression strategy are proposed. Firstly, the conventional carrier phase-shifted 2N+1 pulse-width modulation approach is improved so that the number of carrier signals adopted in each arm is always two. Secondly, the redundant switching states are used to suppress the circulating current. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified experimentally. The results show that the proposed method reduces the control complexity while retaining the output performance. Meanwhile, the circulating current can be suppressed.

The construction of key medical disciplines plays a crucial role in enhancing the capacity of medical services, cultivating high-level medical professionals, and advancing the development of medical technology. However, there is a relative insufficiency in assessing the efficiency of constructing these key disciplines. Most existing evaluations focus primarily on health services. To address this gap, the present study evaluates the construction efficiency of key medical disciplines within Tianjin and identifies critical factors that significantly influence this efficiency, thereby providing strategies for optimization. This research employs a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the construction efficiency of key medical disciplines. The super-efficient non-expected SBM model is utilized to analyze both the first and third stages of this three-stage DEA framework. In the second stage, adjustments are made to input variables based on results from Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Furthermore, Tobit regression analysis is conducted to examine factors influencing efficiency. The findings reveal that the average technical efficiency of key medical disciplines stands at 0.18, with only 8.57% classified as DEA efficient. The Tobit regression analysis indicates a significant positive impact from the proportion of doctoral personnel, material costs and travel costs on construction efficiency. It is essential to allocate resources rationally for developing key medical disciplines while implementing various measures aimed at optimizing both educational structures within discipline teams and financial resource allocation in order to enhance overall construction efficiency. Highlights This study employs a three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model that accounts for undesirable outputs to evaluate the construction efficiency of key medical disciplines. By effectively isolating environmental factors and statistical noise, this approach yields more accurate measurements of efficiency. The analysis indicates that the ratio of doctoral personnel, material costs, and travel costs significantly enhance the efficiency of medical discipline construction. This research introduces a novel paradigm for refined management practices in discipline development by elucidating the nonlinear relationship between talent structure and resource input. The findings offer actionable strategies for optimizing resource allocation, including prioritizing high-potential disciplines, rationalizing team sizes, and aligning funding with performance outcomes. These insights directly assist healthcare administrators in enhancing operational efficiency.

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays an essential role in glucose metabolism, promoting glycolysis and resisting gluconeogenesis. PI3K/AKT signaling can directly alter glucose metabolism by phosphorylating several metabolic enzymes or regulators of nutrient transport. It can indirectly promote sustained aerobic glycolysis by increasing glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, which are mediated by downstream transcription factors. E3 ubiquitin ligase RING-finger proteins are mediators of protein post-translational modifications and include the cullin-RING ligase complexes, the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated family, the tripartite motif family and etc. Some members of the RING family play critical roles in regulating cell signaling and are involved in the development and progression of various metabolic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. And with the progression of modern research, as a negative or active regulator, the RING-finger adaptor has been found to play an indispensable role in PI3K/AKT signaling. However, no reviews have comprehensively clarified the role of RING-finger E3 ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the regulation and function of RING ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism to establish new insights into the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

When hypersonic vehicles fly in near space, the flow field near the optical window leads to light displacement, jitter, blurring, and energy attenuation of the star sensor. This ultimately affects the imaging quality and navigation accuracy. In order to investigate the impact of aerodynamic optical effects on imaging, the fourth-order Runge–Kutta and the fourth-order Adams–Bashforth–Moulton (ABM) predictor-corrector methods are used for ray tracing on the density data. A comparative analysis of the imaging quality results from the two methods reveals their respective strengths and limitations. The influence of the optical system is included in the image quality calculations to make the results more representative of real data. The effects of altitude, velocity, and angle of attack on the imaging quality are explored when the optical window is located at the tail of the vehicle. The results show that altitude significantly affects imaging results, and higher altitudes reduce the impact of the flow field on imaging quality. When the optical window is located at the tail of the vehicle, the relationship between velocity and offset is no longer simply linear. This research provides theoretical support for analyzing the imaging quality and navigation accuracy of a star sensor when a vehicle is flying at hypersonic speeds in near space.

Background In this study, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and analyze their potential roles in immune infiltration during PCOS pathogenesis. Methods Five datasets, namely GSE137684 , GSE80432 , GSE114419 , GSE138518 , and GSE155489 , were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected from the train datasets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression model and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination algorithm were combined to screen potential biomarkers. The test datasets validated the expression levels of these biomarkers, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze their diagnostic value. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to verify biomarkers’ expression in clinical samples. CIBERSORT was used to assess differential immune infiltration, and the correlations of biomarkers with infiltrating immune cells were evaluated. Results Herein, 1265 DEGs were identified between PCOS and control groups. The gene sets related to immune response and adaptive immune response were differentially activated in PCOS. The two diagnostic biomarkers of PCOS identified by us were HD domain containing 3 (HDDC3) and syndecan 2 (SDC2; AUC, 0.918 and 0.816, respectively). The validation of hub biomarkers in clinical samples using RT-qPCR was consistent with bioinformatics results. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that decreased activated mast cells ( P  = 0.033) and increased eosinophils ( P  = 0.040) may be a part of the pathogenesis of PCOS. HDDC3 was positively correlated with T regulatory cells ( P  = 0.0064), activated mast cells ( P  = 0.014), and monocytes ( P  = 0.024) but negatively correlated with activated memory CD4 T cells ( P  = 0.016) in PCOS. In addition, SDC2 was positively correlated with activated mast cells ( P  = 0.0021), plasma cells ( P  = 0.0051), and M2 macrophages ( P  = 0.038) but negatively correlated with eosinophils ( P  = 0.01) and neutrophils ( P  = 0.031) in PCOS. Conclusion HDDC3 and SDC2 can serve as candidate biomarkers of PCOS and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation in PCOS.