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Self-Awareness (rang rig) and Nondual Presence: Tibetan Mahāmudrā and a Christian-Adjacent Correlation
This article brings together authorities in the Tibetan Mahāmudrā (“Great Seal”) tradition of the Kagyü school with a contemporary, Christian-adjacent account of mind and consciousness, drawn from the psychologist and theologian Daniel Helminiak. It draws them together on the basis of their shared affirmation that conscious states and operations are intrinsically and nontransitively self-aware. Consciousness as such, on this view, is this simple, nontransitive—and so nondual—self-awareness. Beyond this shared affirmation, both affirm that contemplative training includes heightening awareness of this nondual self-presence constitutive of consciousness as such. More than that, both describe a process of deepening awareness of this nondual self-presence: a contemplative passage from awareness of the relatively superficial nondual presence that renders ordinary intentional contents experientially available to awareness of a more profound nondual self-presence sensed as a limitless, primordial-most ground. Helminiak’s account thus provides a basic understanding of consciousness, and with it a contemplative psychology and gnoseology, which can mediate further Christian theological reception of Tibetan Mahāmudrā and other traditions where nondual awareness is central: it is both Christian-adjacent (connate with deep Christian trends) and also speaks in the terms of these Mahāmudrā descriptions—namely, a philosophy of mind and consciousness for which consciousness as such is nondual self-presence. Helminiak’s account thus gives us a Christian-adjacent cognitional theory and gnoseology for which the kinds of contemplative development described by Mahāmudrā make sense—in other words, can be anticipated and to a significant but not total degree restated in the terms of a Christian-adjacent contemplative psychology.
Journal Article
Knowing the Real: Nonduality and Idealism in Dignāga, Dharmakīrti, and Lonergan
A desideratum for Buddhist-Christian exchange is more first-order philosophical engagement--engagement that brings our traditions into direct conversation on genuinely shared first-order questions. To converse in that way, we have to identify shared philosophical loci, areas where our systems are--as much as this is possible--reflecting on the same problem, or the same data. This essay identifies one such shared locus, so that the Christian philosopher Bernard Lonergan (1904-1984) can philosophize together with the broadly Yogacarin authors Dignaga (ca. 480-540 CE) and Dharmakirti (mid-sixth--mid-seventh century). That shared locus is, as Lonergan describes it, the fact that what is \"primary\" in our knowing is the identity of knowing and known. Nondual cognition plays, for both parties, a constitutive and primary role in our knowing. But Lonergan and the Yogacarins draw divergent conclusions from the shared phenomenological insights. For the Yogacarins, this observation motivates their distinctive mind-only idealism--the conclusion that nothing but mere nondual experiencing can be established as real. For Lonergan, this same identity is the basis for affirming that our knowing attains to objective knowledge of an intelligible order whose actuality is distinct from our knowing it. Those divergent conclusions are grounded in divergent accounts of what the real is, and how it is to be known. What Lonergan shares with the Buddhists, though, makes him the rare Christian philosopher whose technical cognitional theory is quietly pervaded by the notion of cognition's \"primary\" nonduality. Lonergan, then, can provide the technical philosophical basis for wider ranging Christian receptions of Indian accounts of nondual cognition--including theological receptions which enshrine nondual cognition in accounts of the Trinity, and of human consciousness as a created image of the Trinity. KEYWORDS: Dignaga, Dharmakirti, Yogacara, Bernard Lonergan, philosophy of mind, Indian philosophy, nonduality, self-awareness, idealism, epistemology
Journal Article
Persistent inflammation and recovery after intensive care: A systematic review
Physical weakness is common after critical illness; however, it is not clear how best to treat it. Inflammation characterizes critical illness, is associated with loss of muscle mass during critical illness, and potentially modifies post–intensive care unit (ICU) recovery. We sought to identify published reports on the prevalence of systemic inflammation after critical illness and its association with physical recovery.
This is a systematic review of the literature from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CPCI-SSH, and CPCI-S from January 1982 to December 2011.
From 7433 references, 207 full-text articles were reviewed, 57 were eligible, and 22 were included. Inflammation was present in most patients at ICU discharge according to C-reactive protein concentration (range, 70%-100%), procalcitonin (range, 89%-100%), tumor necrosis factor α (100%), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (range, 92%-95%). Fewer patients had elevated myeloperoxidase concentrations (range, 0%-56%). At hospital discharge, 9 (90%) of 10 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients had elevated C-reactive protein. No studies tested the association between inflammation and physical recovery.
Inflammation is present in most patients at ICU discharge, but little is known or has been investigated about persistent inflammation after this time point. No studies have explored the relationship between persistent inflammation and physical recovery. Further research is proposed.
Journal Article
Dharmakīrti and the Theologians: Pratyabhijñā Śaivism and Christian Theological Reading
[...]these Saivas appropriated major positions from Dharmakīrti and his tradition, especially their \"mind-only\" idealism, and their claim that conceptual judgments are accomplished by an \"exclusion\" (apoha) process (Torella 1992; IPK, ix-xxxvi). Christian theologians are looking for something similar: a style of reading Buddhist positions as possibly or actually descriptive of the universe brought forth from nothing by the supereminently actual, unrestricted act of love and self-utterance Christians call the triune Lord -a universe perhaps even more unlike Dharmakirti's. [...]the sense organ conduces to a single effect for reasons utterly differently from my attention's, or the object's, doing so. Mutatis mutandis, the innumerable particulars composing a single śimśapa tree all conduce to my unified judgment This is a tree. [...]concept-formation is the result, not just of passively registering the causal features of
Journal Article
High-spin polymeric arylamines
High-spin p-doped polyarylamines have been created containing small clusters (tens) of ferromagnetically coupled unpaired electrons. In these doped polymers neighbouring spins couple through a pathway analogous to that found in meta-quinodimethane and the spin-carriers are triarylamine radical cations. The use of polymers in which the triarylamine radical cation centres are stabilized by Ar2N rather than RO substituents gives improved stability but much poorer spin-coupling properties. Furthermore, the much greater ease of dication (bipolaron) formation makes it difficult to dope these amine-stabilized polymers to the requisite level. Work by other groups exploiting phenoxy and triarlymethyl spin-carriers and the prospects for producing polymers with much larger clusters of ferromagnetically coupled spins are discussed.
Journal Article
Busway plan set to blow Budget
As the Opposition accused him of breaking with long traditions of economic responsibility, Mr [Peter Beattie] said construction of a busway would prevent traffic gridlock in northern suburbs. Queensland Chamber of Commerce and Industry executive director Andrew Craig said business would be cautious about Mr Beattie putting the state in debt. Mark Robinson, an associate professor at the Queensland University of Technology's school of economic and finance, said the economy had been generally strong in recent years and that the Queensland Government had run balanced Budgets at a time when
Newspaper Article
Moods swinging from high to low
The morning after was not so celebratory at Liberal candidate Bob Tucker's campaign headquarters. Ms Short blamed former Member for Ryan John Moore's premature retirement, the GST, BAS and petrol prices for the swing against the Government. SWINGING time . . . Labor candidate for Ryan Leonie Short was up in the air with delight yesterday.Picture: Derek Moore, DETERMINED . . . Liberal candidate Bob Tucker yesterday.; Derek Moore; Photo: Photo
Newspaper Article
Interventions to Reduce Risk for Pathogen Spillover and Early Disease Spread to Prevent Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics
The pathogens that cause most emerging infectious diseases in humans originate in animals, particularly wildlife, and then spill over into humans. The accelerating frequency with which humans and domestic animals encounter wildlife because of activities such as land-use change, animal husbandry, and markets and trade in live wildlife has created growing opportunities for pathogen spillover. The risk of pathogen spillover and early disease spread among domestic animals and humans, however, can be reduced by stopping the clearing and degradation of tropical and subtropical forests, improving health and economic security of communities living in emerging infectious disease hotspots, enhancing biosecurity in animal husbandry, shutting down or strictly regulating wildlife markets and trade, and expanding pathogen surveillance. We summarize expert opinions on how to implement these goals to prevent outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics.
Journal Article