Journal Article

Interventions to Reduce Risk for Pathogen Spillover and Early Disease Spread to Prevent Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics

Jennings, Jonathan, Epstein, Jonathan H., Hannah, Lee, Sizer, Nigel C., Bonds, Matthew H., Vale, Mariana M., Cook, Sonila, Chilukuri, Bhavana, Alders, Robyn, Walzer, Chris, Evans, Jo, Lieberman, Susan, Vora, Neil M., Emerson, Ashley

2023

Overview

The pathogens that cause most emerging infectious diseases in humans originate in animals, particularly wildlife, and then spill over into humans. The accelerating frequency with which humans and domestic animals encounter wildlife because of activities such as land-use change, animal husbandry, and markets and trade in live wildlife has created growing opportunities for pathogen spillover. The risk of pathogen spillover and early disease spread among domestic animals and humans, however, can be reduced by stopping the clearing and degradation of tropical and subtropical forests, improving health and economic security of communities living in emerging infectious disease hotspots, enhancing biosecurity in animal husbandry, shutting down or strictly regulating wildlife markets and trade, and expanding pathogen surveillance. We summarize expert opinions on how to implement these goals to prevent outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics.

• Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Subject: Animal diseases / Animal husbandry / Animals / Animals, Domestic / Animals, Wild / Biosecurity / bioterrorism and preparedness / Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology / Coronaviruses / Deforestation / Disease Outbreaks / Disease spread / Domestic animals / Epidemics / Forests / Humans / Infectious diseases / Interventions to Reduce Risk for Pathogen Spillover and Early Disease Spread to Prevent Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics / Land use / Online Report / Outbreaks / pandemic preparedness / pandemic prevention / Pandemics / Pathogens / public health / vector-borne infections / Wildlife / zoonoses / Zoonoses - epidemiology