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Shallow-level igneous intrusions are a common feature of many sedimentary basins, and there is increased recognition of the syn-emplacement deformation structures in the host rock that help to accommodate this magma addition. However, the sub-seismic structure and reservoir-scale implications of igneous intrusions remain poorly understood. The Trachyte Mesa intrusion is a small (∼1.5 km2), NE–SW trending satellite intrusion to the Oligocene-age Mount Hillers intrusive complex in the Henry Mountains, Utah. It is emplaced within the highly porous, aeolian Entrada Sandstone Formation (Jurassic), producing a network of conjugate sets of NE–SW striking deformation bands trending parallel to the intrusion margins. The network was characterized by defining a series of nodes and branches, from which the topology, frequency, intensity, spacing, characteristic length, and dimensionless intensity of the deformation band traces and branches were determined. These quantitative geometric and topological measures were supplemented by petrological, porosity and microstructural analyses. Results show a marked increase in deformation band intensity and significant porosity reduction with increasing proximity to the intrusion. The deformation bands are likely to impede fluid flow, forming barriers and baffles within the Entrada reservoir unit. A corresponding increase in Y- and X-nodes highlights the significant increase in deformation band connectivity, which in turn will significantly reduce the permeability of the sandstone. This study indicates that fluid flow in deformed host rocks around igneous bodies may vary significantly from that in the undeformed host rock. A better understanding of the variability of deformation structures, and their association with intrusion geometry, will have important implications for industries where fluid flow within naturally fractured reservoirs adds value (e.g. hydrocarbon reservoir deliverability, hydrology, geothermal energy and carbon sequestration).

Wilson, RW II, Snyder, AC, and Dorman, JC. Analysis of seated and standing triple Wingate tests. J Strength Cond Res 23(3)868-873, 2009-Observations of athletes in seated and standing cycling positions in laboratory and field settings have led to the perception that they produce different outputs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in power output and physiological responses between seated and standing positions of athletes during 3 consecutive Wingate tests. Seven (n = 7) elite-level speedskaters completed 3 × 30-second Wingate tests (resistance = 7.5% body weight) with 3.5 minutes of recovery between each test in both seated and standing positions. During the recovery period, athletes pedaled against no resistance in the seated position. Testing was randomized and separated by at least 48 hours. Power output, heart rate, blood lactate, and muscle oxygenation data were collected. Statistical analysis of comparable tests (i.e., seated Wingate test 1 [WinD1] compared with standing Wingate test 1 [WinU1]; WinD2:WinU2; WinD3:WinU3) revealed no significant differences between the seated and standing variables. Position during a short-duration maximal-effort exercise test on a stationary bike did not produce statistically different results in power, maximal heart rate, blood lactate, or muscle oxygenation. As no differences were detected between positions, practitioners can allow subjects to choose their position. Also, if a subject rises out of the seat during a “seated” test, this change may not affect the subjectʼs physiological variables. However, transitioning from one position to the other during the test is not advised due to the possible chance of injury. It should be acknowledged that there may be reasons for stipulating one position over another (e.g., injuries, leg length).

The Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory, a 1.7 m diameter telescope for astronomy and aeronomy studies at wavelengths between 200 and 2000 μm, was installed at the South Pole during the 1994–1995 austral summer. The telescope operates continuously through the austral winter and is being used primarily for spectroscopic studies of neutral atomic carbon and carbon monoxide in the interstellar medium of the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds. The South Pole environment is unique among observatory sites for unusually low wind speeds, low absolute humidity, and the consistent clarity of the submillimeter sky. Especially significant are the exceptionally low values of sky noise found at this site, a result of the small water vapor content of the atmosphere. Four heterodyne receivers, an array receiver, three acousto‐optical spectrometers, and an array spectrometer are currently installed. A Fabry‐Perot spectrometer using a bolometric array and a terahertz receiver are in development. Telescope pointing, focus, and calibration methods as well as the unique working environment and logistical requirements of the South Pole are described.

The complex Ungava fault zone lies in the Davis Strait and separates failed spreading centres in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay. This study focuses on coastal exposures east of the fault-bound Sisimiut basin, where the onshore expressions of these fault systems and the influence of pre-existing basement are examined. Regional lineament studies identify five main systems: N–S, NNE–SSW, ENE–WSW, ESE–WNW and NNW–SSE. Field studies reveal that strike-slip movements predominate, and are consistent with a ~NNE–SSW-oriented sinistral wrench system. Extensional faults trending N–S and ENE–WSW (basement-parallel), and compressional faults trending E–W, were also identified. The relative ages of these fault systems have been interpreted using cross-cutting relationships and by correlation with previously identified structures. A two-phase model for fault development fits the development of both the onshore fault systems observed in this study and regional tectonic structures offshore. The conclusions from this study show that the fault patterns and sense of movement on faults onshore reflect the stress fields that govern the opening of the Labrador Sea – Davis Strait – Baffin Bay seaway, and that the wrench couple on the Ungava transform system played a dominant role in the development of the onshore fault patterns.

Three new species of Viverravidae (Carnivora: Miacoidea) are described: Protictis simpsoni, P. minor, and Bryanictis paulus. Holotypes and referred specimens are from the Angel Peak area, Kutz Canyon, San Juan Basin, New Mexico and are of middle Torrejonian age (middle Paleocene). The holotype of Protictis simpsoni includes a skull—the oldest known skull of the Order Carnivora. The locality is narrowly restricted stratigraphically and geographically, and specimens are better preserved than most other viverravid specimens of San Juan Basin strata.

The western margin of the Greenland craton has been much less stable in the Phanerozoic than previously thought. This new insight has come from close integration of independent datasets: geomorphological analysis of large-scale landscapes, apatite fission track analysis (AFTA), onshore and offshore stratigraphy and analysis of onshore fault and fracture systems. Each data set records specific and unique parts of the event chronology and is equally important to establish a consistent model. A key area for understanding the Mesozoic– Cenozoic landscape evolution and into the present is the uplifted part of the Nuussuaq Basin, where remnants of planation surfaces cut across the Cretaceous to Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Our integrated analysis concluded that the West Greenland mountains were formed by late Neogene tectonic uplift (Fig. 1) and also provided new insight into early Phanerozoic development. To understand our model, we present the different methods and the results that can be deduced from them.

Leptarctus is a poorly known fossil carnivore that ranges through the Miocene of North America and Inner Mongolia, China. The Box T Local Fauna of the Hemphill beds of Texas is the youngest deposit to produce a Leptarctus.

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate the perspectives of Texas school district administrators concerning the virtual school programs being implemented in their districts. Interviews with the eight participants were analyzed in an effort to provide a comprehensive explanation of their lived experiences (Moustakas, 1994). The researcher concluded that participants in this study believe that the virtual school programs being implemented in their districts provide students with an equitable and successful alternative to the educational experience received in the traditional classroom environment. Implications for practice included recommendations for developing and implementing a virtual school program and developing a process to determine which students would be successful in the virtual school program.