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"Wood, Alix"
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Amazing animal journeys
Explains animal migration with such examples as the ruby-throated hummingbird, sandhill crane, wildebeest, Pacific walrus, and monarch butterfly.
Book
Doctors’ perceptions of antimicrobial resistance in the Northern West Bank, Palestine: a qualitative study
In the West Bank, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly and alarmingly common. Efforts are being made to introduce antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs). This study explores doctors' perceptions of AMR and context-specific barriers and facilitators to ASPs at a critical point in national ASP development.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 doctors working in primary healthcare, government and non-governmental hospitals in Nablus in 2019. Two researchers thematically analysed the data.
Participants recognized antibiotic resistance as a major threat to health. Few felt that doctors were well informed about ASPs; many had not heard of them. However, there was willingness to expand and begin new education programmes. Barriers and facilitators to ASPs included: (i) doctors were perceived to 'misuse' antibiotics, lack awareness, favour short-term outcomes, and externalize blame; (ii) patients reportedly treat antibiotics 'like analgesia' with high expectations of doctors; (iii) resource limitations make ASPs and infection control difficult-a lack of drugs, laboratory services, infectious disease specialists, and research to develop local guidelines; and (iv) top-down policy is recommended to restrict access to antibiotics without a prescription, but should be coupled with support, collaboration and community action.
Doctors' appreciation of the severity of the issue, and willingness for the expansion of existing programmes targeted at their own prescribing practices, provides a strong foundation for successful ASPs. A top-down approach to prevent inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is welcomed by participating doctors. If financial and resource limitations could be addressed, a continued multifaceted approach may enable physician, pharmacist and patient behaviours to change.
Journal Article
Specsavers Launches Reactive Digital OOH Campaign Ahead Of UK’s National Eye Health Week
To promote the importance of regular sight tests for maintaining and protecting eye health, Specsavers has launched a tactical digital out-of-home (OOH) campaign ahead of National Eye Health Week in the UK. Jo Fisher, head of retail at Talon, who booked the campaign, added: “This is Specsavers’ first digital OOH campaign, and we have really pushed the boundaries with technology, using content around topical news, gossip and events that will be delivered to hand selected premium digital sites.
Trade Publication Article
The psychological impact of paediatric burn injuries: a systematic review
Objective
To review and synthesise qualitative literature regarding the psychological outcomes following paediatric burn injuries, and to determine if children and adolescents who experience a burn injury have elevated risk of psychopathology following the injury.
Design
Systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies.
Data sources
Informit health, Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from January 2010 to December 2020.
Data extraction and synthesis
Two reviewers screened articles, and one reviewer extracted data (with cross-checking from another reviewer) from the included studies and assessed quality using an established tool. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the findings from the quantitative studies, and thematic synthesis was used to synthesise the findings of included qualitative studies.
Results
Searches yielded 1240 unique titles, with 130 retained for full-text screening. Forty-five studies from 17 countries were included. The psychological outcomes included in the studies were mental health diagnoses, medication for mental illness, depression, anxiety, stress, fear, post-traumatic stress, post-traumatic growth, emotional issues, self-harm, self-esteem, self-concept, stigmatisation, quality of life, level of disability, resilience, coping, and suicidality.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight paediatric burn patients as a particularly vulnerable population following a burn injury. Studies suggest elevated anxiety and traumatic stress symptoms, and higher rates of psychopathology in the long-term. Further research is recommended to determine the psychological outcomes in the other mental health domains highlighted in this review, as findings were mixed.
Clinical care teams responsible for the aftercare of burn patients should involve psychological support for the children and families to improve outcomes.
Journal Article
A wellbeing program to promote mental health in paediatric burn patients: Study protocol
One of the most traumatic injuries a child can experience is a severe burn. Despite improvements in medical treatments which have led to better physical outcomes and reduced mortality rates for paediatric burns patients, the psychological impact associated with experiencing such a traumatic injury has mostly been overlooked. This is concerning given the high incidence of psychopathology amongst paediatric burn survivors.
This project will aim to pilot test and evaluate a co-designed trauma-focused intervention to support resilience and promote positive mental health in children and adolescents who have sustained an acute burn injury. Our first objective is to collect pilot data to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention and to inform the design of future trauma-focussed interventions. Our second objective is to collect pilot data to determine the appropriateness of the developed intervention by investigating the changes in mental health indicators pre- and post-intervention. This will inform the design of future interventions.
This pilot intervention study will recruit 40 children aged between 6-17 years who have sustained an acute burn injury and their respective caregivers. These participants will have attended the Stan Perron Centre of Excellence for Childhood Burns at Perth Children's Hospital. Participants will attend a 45-minute weekly or fortnightly session for six weeks that involves building skills around information gathering, managing reactions (behaviours and thoughts), identifying, and bolstering coping skills, problem solving and preventing setbacks. The potential effects and feasibility of our intervention will be assessed through a range of age-appropriate screening measures which will assess social behaviours, personal qualities, mental health and/or resilience. Assessments will be administered at baseline, immediately post-intervention, at 6- and 12-months post-intervention.
The results of this study will lay the foundation for an evidence-based, trauma-informed approach to clinical care for paediatric burn survivors and their families in Western Australia. This will have important implications for the design of future support offered to children with and beyond burn injuries, and other medical trauma populations.
Journal Article
“I just get scared it’s going to happen again”: a qualitative study of the psychosocial impact of pediatric burns from the child’s perspective
Background
Advances in medicine have improved the chances of survival following burn injuries, however, psychosocial outcomes have not seen the same improvement, and burn injuries can be distressing for both the child or young person, negatively affecting their wellbeing. Pediatric burn patients are at a higher risk of developing psychopathology compared to the general population. In order to promote resilience and prevent psychopathology post-burn injury for pediatric burn patients, it is crucial to understand the experience of children and young people after a burn. This study aimed to understand the psychosocial impact that a pediatric burn has as perceived by the pediatric burn patient.
Methods
Seven pediatric burn patients were interviewed from the Perth Metropolitan area on average 3.1 years after their injury. All participants had been admitted to hospital for their acute injury and stayed for a median length of 2 days in hospital. Interviews with pediatric patients took place online, and the patients were asked about their mental health, coping strategies, changes to lifestyle and supports following their burn injury. The interviews were transcribed and then thematically analysed using an inductive approach.
Results
Three overarching themes were developed from the interviews: burn-specific impact on the child or young person (including appearance concerns, family factors, and lifestyle factors), the psychological impact (including positive and negative impact on mental health), and factors supporting the recovery journey (including coping strategies and support services). The participants in our study highlighted issues they faced during recovery, the positive and negative impacts of the injury and recovery process and provided suggestions for future opportunities to bolster resilience and promote growth for pediatric burn patients who may face similar challenges in the future.
Conclusion
Factors that improve the mental health and wellbeing of pediatric burn patients should be promoted, such as mental health and social supports, the promotion of adaptive coping mechanisms, and meeting the needs of the family unit as a whole. Ultimately, the implementation of trauma-focused, family centred interventions is crucial for the psychosocial recovery of pediatric burn survivors.
Journal Article