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In the present study, Landsat series remote sensing image are utilized to investigate the spatial and temporal changes of the urban heat island (UHI) in the Taiyuan city from 1990, 2004 and 2014. The main influencing factors of the UHI are analyzed in this regard. The single window algorithm is adopted to invert the land surface temperature (LST) from the thermal infrared data and analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of the LST in the studied area. Then, the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and biophysical composition index (BCI) are calculated in accordance with the LST. Moreover, the degree of impervious surface of the study area is divided according to the BCI value. By analyzing the correlation between the LST, NDVI and the BCI, the influences of two major factors, green space and impervious surface, on urban heat islands are discussed. It is found that the average surface temperature of the Taiyuan city has increased by 5.17 °C during the past 24 years from 1990 to 2014, while the impervious surface area has increased by 223.53 km 2 , which is 1.179 times of that in 1990. There is a statistical correlation between the LST and the data of the NDVI and impervious surface, which shows that the reduction in green space and the increase in impervious surface in the city have a significant impact on the urban heat island effect. As the largest city in Shanxi province, there is an increasing demand in Taiyuan city for constructing lands during the urbanization process, which has led to a remarkable decrease in the green space and an increase in impervious surfaces. Therefore, the LST in Taiyuan city has been affected by the rapid urbanization. Furthermore, UTFVI indicates that the overall ecological environment of the Taiyuan city has deteriorated and the area of high temperature in the city has increased significantly. Results of the present study may provide a scientific basis for government departments to formulate urban planning and environmental protection policies. The present study may help the government to expand urban green spaces in the right places, control the expansion of the impervious surface of the city, alleviate the UHI effect and maintain the sustainable development of the Taiyuan city.

Adolescents are prone to nonsuicidal self-injury, a unique risk factor for suicide and suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that cyberbullying predicts adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a chain mediation model to investigate the impact of shame and dissociation related to cyberbullying on teenage nonsuicidal self-injury. Between 23/04/2022 and 26/04/2022, researchers recruited 14,666 high school students in Zizhong County, Sichuan Province, China, to investigate cyberbullying, non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors, shame, and feelings of dissociation through self-report questionnaires. Among the participating high school students, 56.0% reported experiencing cyberbullying and 25.4% reported nonsuicidal self-injurious behaviors. After adjusting for the effects of gender, traditional bullying, grade level, left-behind child status, and parental marital status, there was a positive correlation between cyberbullying and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior. Shame and dissociation played a mediating role between cyberbullying and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury. First, a partial mediating effect of shame and dissociation was observed, with the mediating effect accounting for 6.1% and 21.2% of the total effect (33.0%), respectively; thereafter, a chain mediating effect of shame and dissociation was noted, with the mediating effect accounting for 9.1% of the total effect. In the parallel mediation test, the mediating effect of dissociative experience (0.10) was higher than that of shame (0.02). Cyberbullying and non-suicidal self-injury are prevalent among high school students in western China, and the synergistic effects of shame and dissociation may be associated with increased risk of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury.

Water pollution poses a severe threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health, highlighting the crucial importance of monitoring and regulating its levels in water bodies. In contrast to traditional single-treatment approaches, multiple-treatment methods enable the simultaneous detection and removal of water pollutants using a single material. This innovation not only offers convenience but also fosters a more holistic and effective approach to water remediation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile porous materials that offer significant potential for use in wastewater treatment. This article examines the latest developments in the application of MOFs for multifaceted wastewater treatment. MOFs are used for simultaneous detection and removal, or for the detection and degradation of contaminants. Some MOFs exhibited different functions for different contaminants, and some MOFs showed one function (adsorption or detection) for more than one contaminant. All the multifunctional MOFs facilitate the multiple treatment of the real wastewater. Lastly, existing challenges and future outlooks concerning MOF materials for wastewater treatment are also addressed in this paper.

Background Peer victimization (PV) is one of the major causes of non-suicidal self-injury. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), peer victimization, social anxiety, and mobile phone addiction are significantly related; however, the interaction mechanism and effect of sex differences remain to be determined. Objective Herein, we investigated the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI among Chinese high school students. We also explored the chain mediating roles of social anxiety and mobile phone addiction and the regulatory role of sex. The findings of this study provide insights for theoretical interventions based on internal mechanisms. Method A self-reported survey of 14,666 high school students from Sichuan County was conducted using a peer victimization scale, NSSI scale, social anxiety scale, and mobile phone addiction scale. A self-administered questionnaire was used to capture sociodemographic information. Results Peer victimization, social anxiety, and mobile phone addiction were positively correlated with NSSI. Peer victimization had significant direct predictive effects on NSSI (95% CI : 0.341, 0.385) and significant indirect predictive effects on NSSI through social anxiety (95% CI : 0.008, 0.019) or mobile phone addiction (95% CI : 0.036, 0.053). Peer victimization had significant indirect predictive effects on NSSI through social anxiety as well as mobile phone addiction (95% CI : 0.009, 0.014). The first stage (predicting the effect of peer victimization on NSSI) and the third stage (predicting the effect of mobile phone addiction on NSSI) were both moderated by sex. Conclusions Peer victimization could directly predict NSSI and indirectly predict NSSI through social anxiety and mobile phone addiction. Thus, social anxiety and mobile phone addiction exhibited chain mediating effects between peer victimization and NSSI in high school students; moreover, sex might be involved in the regulation of the mediation process.

Background The de Winter electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern, characterized by upsloping ST-segment depression and tall T waves in leads V1–V6, is typically associated with proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery occlusion. When combined with pronounced ST-segment elevation in lead aVR, it may indicate a more severe coronary artery involvement. Case presentation A 36-year-old male smoker presented with acute chest pain for 2 h. Initial ECG showed J-point depression with upsloping ST-segment depression of 1–5 mm in leads V2–V6, accompanied by tall T waves, characteristic of the de Winter sign. Additionally, there was approximately 2.5 mm ST-segment elevation in aVR and left anterior fascicular block (LAFB). Diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), he underwent emergency coronary angiography, revealing complete LMCA occlusion. Successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) restored blood flow. Postoperatively, LAFB resolved. The patient recovered well without complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed and managed. He was discharged with follow-up and lifestyle modifications. Conclusions This case highlights the clinical significance of the de Winter sign with pronounced aVR ST segment elevation, which may suggest severe coronary artery disease. The resolution of LAFB post-PCI suggests reversibility of conduction abnormalities with improved perfusion. Early recognition and intervention are crucial for better outcomes. Clinicians should be vigilant about this rare ECG pattern.

The dry-process is a sustainable and promising fabrication method for all-solid-state batteries by eliminating solvents. However, a pragmatic fabrication design for thin and robust solid-state electrolyte (SSE) layers has not been established. Herein, we report a dry-process approach that enhances mechanical stability of SSE layers from film fabrication to cell operation. By co-rolling thick SSE and positive electrode feeds, a uniform, thin SSE layer (50 µm) and a high loading positive electrode layer (5 mAh cm −2 ) with high active material ratio (80 wt%) are simultaneously achieved. This SSE-positive electrode integrated film exhibits enhanced physical properties and cyclability (> 80% retention after 500 cycles) at low stack pressure (2 MPa) compared to the freestanding counterparts, attributed to reinforced and intimate SSE-positive electrode interface constructed during co-rolling process. Additionally, an all-solid-state pouch cell with high stack-level specific energy (310 Wh kg −1 ) and energy density (805 Wh L −1 ) operating at 30 °C and 5 MPa is demonstrated. All-solid-state batteries face practical challenges such as sustainable fabrication and low-stack pressure operation. Here, authors develop a modified dry-process technique to yield robust solid electrolyte-electrode interface for practical fabrication and operation of all-solid-state batteries.

Nanotechnology has significantly advanced various fields, including therapeutic delivery, through the use of nanomaterials as drug carriers. The biocompatibility of ordered porous silica materials makes them promising candidates for drug delivery systems, particularly in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This review summarizes the use of microporous zeolites and mesoporous silica materials in drug delivery, focusing on their physicochemical properties and applications as drug carriers. Special emphasis is placed on strategies for encapsulation and functionalization, highlighting their role in enhancing drug loading and enabling targeted delivery. In conclusion, while ordered porous silica materials hold great potential for drug delivery systems, certain challenges remain.

Background The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a novel indicator based on routine clinical parameters and has been validated as a reliable surrogate marker for insulin resistance. However, evidence regarding the association between METS-IR and stroke events remains limited, particularly among non-diabetic adults. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between METS-IR and the risk of incident stroke in a nationally representative prospective cohort of Chinese adults without diabetes. Methods A total of 8,316 nondiabetic participants aged ≥ 45 years were included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) spanning 2011–2020. METS-IR was calculated via a validated formula incorporating fasting glucose, triglycerides, HDL-C, and BMI. The incidence of stroke was determined based on self-reported physician diagnoses. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Generalized additive models (GAM) was used to assess nonlinear associations, whereas mediation analysis was used to examine the indirect effect of mean arterial pressure (MAP). Results In this prospective cohort of 8,316 nondiabetic adults, elevated METS-IR was dose-dependently associated with incident stroke (adjusted HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.28–2.06 for Q4 vs. Q1; p-trend < 0.0001). A nonlinear threshold effect was identified at METS-IR 40.95: below this inflection point, each unit increment corresponded to a 4% increased stroke risk (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06), whereas no association was observed above it. Mediation analysis suggested that MAP partially mediated the association, accounting for 13.92% of the total effect. In the fully adjusted model, a longitudinal assessment of cumulative exposure ( n  = 5,693) using Cox proportional hazards models revealed a graded increase in risk, with Q4 exhibiting a 57% greater hazard ratio (HR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18–2.09, P  = 0.0020). Conclusions Among middle-aged and older Chinese adults without diabetes, higher METS-IR was associated with an elevated risk of stroke, characterized by a nonlinear dose–response relationship. Mean arterial pressure may partially explain this association.

Gender is one of the factors influencing the intestinal microbial composition in mammals, but whether fish also have gender-specific intestinal microbial patterns remains unknown. In this decade, endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface and ground water of many areas and increasing observation of freshwater male fish displaying female sexual characteristics have been reported. Here we identified the difference in intestinal microbiota between male and female zebrafish, and revealed the influence of endocrine disrupting chemicals on zebrafish intestinal microbiota by using high-throughput sequencing. The results indicated that Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were dominant in the gut of zebrafish and there were no obvious gender-specific intestinal microbial patterns. Two endocrine disrupting chemicals, Estradiol (E2) and Bisphenol A (BPA), were selected to treat male zebrafish for 5 weeks. E2 and BPA increased vitellogenin expression in the liver of male zebrafish and altered the intestinal microbial composition with the abundance of the phylum CKC4 increased significantly. Our results suggested that because of the developmental character and living environment, gender did not influence the assembly of intestinal microbiota in zebrafish as it does in mammals, but exposure extra to endocrine disrupting chemicals disturbed the intestinal microbial composition, which may be related to changes in host physiological metabolism.

To investigate the current situation of hearing loss and the associations of occupational noise exposure with hearing loss in petrochemical enterprise workers. This was a cross-sectional study that employed cluster sampling methods, and 951 workers aged 20–59 years from a petrochemical enterprise were included between June and December 2022. The subjects underwent health status surveys and occupational health examinations. To assess the associations between noise level and hearing loss, a logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 951 participants (837 male and 114 female) were included in this study. And 68.3% of workers had a noise exposure level greater than ≥ 80 dB (A). The prevalence of speech frequency hearing loss, high-frequency hearing loss, and bilateral hearing loss among participants was 2.3% (22/951), 10.2% (97/951), and 10.3% (98/951), respectively. The prevalences of high-frequency hearing loss and binaural hearing loss were compared among subjects grouped by gender, age, family history of hyperlipidaemia, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, duration of noise exposure, and level of occupational noise exposure, and all differences were statistically significant (all P  < 0.01). Compared with that of participants with noise levels < 80 dB(A), the risk of speech frequency hearing loss was significantly greater in the ≥ 90 dB(A) noise exposure group ( OR : 5.33). The noise exposure level 80–89 dB(A) group ( OR : 2.75) and the noise exposure level ≥ 90 dB(A) group ( OR : 2.16) were both associated with a higher prevalence of high-frequency hearing loss. The noise hazards in petrochemical enterprises are severe. Long-term exposure to occupational noise environments significantly increases the risk of hearing loss among workers. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen noise control and enhance hearing protection efforts to effectively prevent excessive occupational noise exposure, thereby reducing the risk of hearing loss in workers.