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"Zhong, Xing"
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AI-enhanced virtual reality martial arts training: how technology readiness, instructional design, usefulness, and instructor competency drive learning performance through cognitive absorption
Artificial intelligence–enhanced virtual reality (AI-VR) holds significant potential for complex psychomotor skills training, such as in martial arts. However, the psychological pathways through which its features influence learning outcomes are not well understood. This study introduces and tests the Technology-Enhanced Experiential Learning (TEEL) framework, which posits cognitive absorption as the central mediator between key factors and learning performance. A mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitatively, survey and system-usage data were collected from 847 martial artists across 23 facilities after six supervised AI-VR sessions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and bootstrap mediation analyses were used to test the framework. Qualitatively, 45 semi-structured interviews were thematically analyzed and integrated with the quantitative findings. The model demonstrated strong fit and explanatory power (R² = 0.732 for Learning Performance). Technology Readiness, Instructional Design Quality, Instructor Competency, and Perceived Usefulness all significantly predicted Cognitive Absorption (β = 0.387 to 0.251, p < 0.001), which in turn strongly predicted Learning Performance (β = 0.791, p < 0.001). Cognitive Absorption fully mediated all antecedent relationships. The AI-enhanced model outperformed a VR-only baseline, and usage analytics confirmed significant skill improvement, with strike accuracy increasing from 64.2% to 87.6%. The findings validate the TEEL framework, establishing cognitive absorption as the core mechanism through which technological and pedagogical factors enhance learning in AI-VR martial arts training. This underscores the value of AI components and highlights design priorities for creating deeply engaging and effective training systems.
Journal Article
تحديث الاقتصاد الصيني
في كتابه \"تحديث الاقتصاد الصيني\" يتناول تشياو جنغ عملية الإصلاح الاقتصادي في الصين خلال ثلاثة عقود تم فيها وصف التطور السريع لاقتصاد الصين ب\"المعجزة الاقتصادية\"، ولكنه وصف غير دقيق -بتعبير المؤلف- وبمعنى أكثر دقة، يعتبر التطور السريع لاقتصاد الصين مجرد عملية انتعاش اقتصادي. إنها عملية مواكبة لاقتصادات الأسواق في المناطق المتقدمة.
Book
Radiative decays of charged leptons as constraints of unitarity polygons for active-sterile neutrino mixing and CP violation
We calculate the rates of radiative
β
-
→
α
-
+
γ
decays for
(
α
,
β
)
=
(
e
,
μ
)
,
(
e
,
τ
)
and
(
μ
,
τ
)
by taking the
unitary
gauge in the
(
3
+
n
)
active-sterile neutrino mixing scheme, and make it clear that constraints on the unitarity of the
3
×
3
Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS) matrix
U
extracted from
β
-
→
α
-
+
γ
decays in the
minimal unitarity violation
scheme differ from those obtained in the canonical seesaw mechanism with
n
heavy Majorana neutrinos by a factor 5/3. In such a natural seesaw case we show that the rates of
β
-
→
α
-
+
γ
can be used to cleanly and strongly constrain the effective apex of a unitarity polygon, and compare its geometry with the geometry of its three sub-triangles formed by two vectors
U
α
i
U
β
i
∗
and
U
α
j
U
β
j
∗
(for
i
≠
j
) in the complex plane. We find that the areas of such sub-triangles can be described in terms of the Jarlskog-like invariants of CP violation
J
α
β
ij
, and their small differences signify slight unitarity violation of the PMNS matrix
U
.
Journal Article
A direct link between unflavored leptogenesis and low-energy CP violation via the one-loop quantum corrections
A
bstract
In the type-I seesaw mechanism the Casas-Ibarra (CI) parametrization provides a convenient description of the Dirac neutrino mass matrix in terms of the light and heavy Majorana neutrino masses, the lepton flavor mixing matrix
U
and an unknown complex orthogonal matrix
O
. If
O
is assumed to be real, it will be impossible to generate
unflavored
thermal leptogenesis via the lepton-number-violating and CP-violating decays of the lightest heavy Majorana neutrino. We find that this observation can be invalidated after small but unavoidable quantum corrections to the CI parametrization are taken into account with the help of the one-loop renormalization-group equations (RGEs) between the seesaw and electroweak scales. We illustrate a novel and viable unflavored leptogenesis scenario of this kind based on the RGEs in the seesaw-extended standard model, and show its direct link to the CP-violating phases of
U
at low energies.
Journal Article
GSDME-mediated pyroptosis promotes inflammation and fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy
Renal tubular cell (RTC) death and inflammation contribute to the progression of obstructive nephropathy, but its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Gasdermin E (GSDME) expression level and GSDME-N domain generation determined the RTC fate response to TNFα under the condition of oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation. Deletion of
Caspase-3 (Casp3)
or
Gsdme
alleviated renal tubule damage and inflammation and finally prevented the development of hydronephrosis and kidney fibrosis after ureteral obstruction. Using bone marrow transplantation and cell type-specific
Casp3
knockout mice, we demonstrated that Casp3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in renal parenchymal cells, but not in hematopoietic cells, played predominant roles in this process. We further showed that HMGB1 released from pyroptotic RTCs amplified inflammatory responses, which critically contributed to renal fibrogenesis. Specific deletion of
Hmgb1
in RTCs alleviated caspase11 and IL-1β activation in macrophages. Collectively, our results uncovered that TNFα/Casp3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis is responsible for the initiation of ureteral obstruction-induced renal tubule injury, which subsequentially contributes to the late-stage progression of hydronephrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This novel mechanism will provide valuable therapeutic insights for the treatment of obstructive nephropathy.
Journal Article
Enhanced visible light photodegradation activity of RhB/MB from aqueous solution using nanosized novel Fe-Cd co-modified ZnO
A series of novel Fe-Cd co-doped ZnO nanoparticle based photocatalysts are successfully synthesized by sol-gel route and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray emission (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles doped with various atomic weight fraction of Fe and Cd has been investigated under visible light irradiation using the Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B dye in aqueous solution. The FeCd (2%):ZnO (ZFC-1) exhibit the highest photocatalytic activity in terms of rate constant as K
MB
= 0.01153 min
−1
and K
RhB
= 0.00916 min
−1
). Further, the re-usability of the ZFC-1 photocatalyst is studied which confirms that it can be reused up to five times with nearly negligible loss of the photocatalytic efficiency. Moreover, the role of photoactive species investigated using a radical scavenger technique. The present investigations show that the doping concentration plays significant role in photocatalytic performance. The visible light absorption shown by Fe-Cd co-doped ZnO nanoparticles is much higher than that of undoped body probably due to co-doping, and the charge carrier recombination is decreased effectively which yields a higher photocatalytic performance. The mechanism for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation is also proposed.
Journal Article
Identifying a minimal flavor symmetry of the seesaw mechanism behind neutrino oscillations
A
bstract
In the canonical seesaw framework flavor mixing and CP violation in weak charged-current interactions of
light
and
heavy
Majorana neutrinos are correlated with each other and described respectively by the 3
×
3 matrices
U
and
R
. We show that the very possibility of |
U
μi
| = |
U
τi
| (for
i
= 1, 2, 3), which is strongly indicated by current neutrino oscillation data, automatically leads to a novel prediction |
R
μi
| = |
R
τi
| (for
i
= 1, 2, 3). We prove that behind these two sets of equalities and the experimental evidence for leptonic CP violation lies a minimal flavor symmetry — the overall neutrino mass term keeps invariant when the left-handed neutrino fields transform as
ν
e
L
→
(
ν
e
L
)
c
,
ν
μ
L
→
(
ν
τ
L
)
c
,
ν
τ
L
→
(
ν
μ
L
)
c
and the right-handed neutrino fields undergo an arbitrary unitary CP transformation. Such a generalized
μ
-
τ
reflection symmetry may help constrain the flavor textures of active and sterile neutrinos to some extent in the seesaw mechanism.
Journal Article
μ - τ reflection symmetry embedded in minimal seesaw
We embed μ-τ reflection symmetry into the minimal seesaw formalism, where two right-handed neutrinos are added to the Standard Model of particle physics. Assuming that both the left- and right-handed neutrino fields transform under μ-τ reflection symmetry, we obtain the required forms of the neutrino Dirac mass matrix and the Majorana mass matrix for the right-handed neutrinos. To investigate the neutrino phenomenology at low energies, we first consider the breaking of μ-τ reflection symmetry due to the renormalization group running, and then systematically study various breaking schemes by introducing explicit breaking terms at high energies.
Journal Article
Flexible cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/PEDOT:PSS electrodes for ECG monitoring
Electrocardiography is one of the most significant technologies for detecting cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, the problems of various electrodes still meet a great challenge. Herein, we design a low cost, environmentally friendly and flexible conductive electrode using cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol as a substrate assembled with conductive polymer polythiophene by in situ oxidative polymerization, and the green solvent 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as a crosslinking agent. The polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose/PEDOT:PSS(PCPP) composite electrode has excellent features of flexibility, low skin contact impedance and comfortable contact with skin. When the load of EDOT reaches 15 wt%, the electrode is stable and can clearly monitor the characteristic wave of ECG signals. Therefore, based on cellulosic biopolymer and conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS, an environmentally friendly, flexible and stable PCPP composite electrode is obtained and can be a promising candidate applied in the fields of energy storage and ECG sensing.Graphic abstract
Journal Article