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Background With the advent of the information era, the significance of visual communication design has escalated within the realm of increasingly prevalent network applications. Addressing the deficiency observed in prevailing sentiment analysis approaches in visual communication design, which predominantly leverage the holistic image information while overlooking the nuances inherent in the localized regions that accentuate emotion, coupled with the inadequacy in semantically mining diverse channel features. Methods This paper introduces a dual-attention multilayer feature fusion-based methodology denoted as DA-MLCNN. Initially, a multilayer convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction architecture is devised to effectuate the amalgamation of both overall and localized features, thereby extracting both high-level and low-level features inherent in the image. Furthermore, the integration of a spatial attention mechanism fortifies the low-level features, while a channel attention mechanism bolsters the high-level features. Ultimately, the features augmented by the attention mechanisms are harmonized to yield semantically enriched discerning visual features for training sentiment classifiers. Results This culminates in attaining classification accuracies of 79.8% and 55.8% on the Twitter 2017 and Emotion ROI datasets, respectively. Furthermore, the method attains classification accuracies of 89%, 94%, and 91% for the three categories of sadness, surprise, and joy on the Emotion ROI dataset. Conclusions The efficacy demonstrated on dichotomous and multicategorical emotion image datasets underscores the capacity of the proposed approach to acquire more discriminative visual features, thereby enhancing the landscape of visual sentiment analysis. The elevated performance of the visual sentiment analysis method serves to catalyze innovative advancements in visual communication design, offering designers expanded prospects and possibilities.

Generating locomotive gaits is a very important work for bioinspired robots and has received wide attentions among scientists and engineers. The central pattern generator (CPG) neural system located in spinal cord is a very important imitating object to produce rhythm patterns and control locomotion of animals. This paper proposes a theoretical method to construct a novel style CPG controller for the quadruped locomotive gait based on the delay-coupled VDP oscillators. The controller system consists of four VDP oscillators scheduled with unidirectional ring structure. By using the Hopf bifurcation analysis, we obtain parameter conditions for rhythm generation and present dynamical classification of periodic rhythm with different spatiotemporal patterns, which corresponds to the gait of the quadruped locomotion. Assisting with switching network structure, the delayed VDP-CPG controller presents six types of classical locomotive gaits, i.e., pronk, lateral-sequence (L-S) walk, diagonal-sequence (D-S) walk, bound, pace, and trot, in a wide range of parameter areas. The numerical simulations are illustrated to agree with theoretical analysis. The presented approach herein provides a frame of dynamical analysis to build the CPG controller producing rhythm controlling signals of the quadruped locomotion gaits.

Due to the rapid growth of the digital music industry, music copyrights have become valuable intangible assets for businesses, offering exclusivity and profitability. This article takes music copyrights as an example and designs a copyright protection method for music score digital images. The zero-watermarking algorithm offers an effective and lossless means of copyright protection. Owing to their geometric invariance, orthogonal moments exhibit superior robustness, positioning them as one of the mainstream methods in the research of zero-watermarking algorithms. The current zero-watermarking algorithms based on orthogonal moments face a trade-off between robustness and discriminability. In this paper, we propose a mixed low-order moments method based on quaternion-type fractional-order moments (QTFM), which balances the global information and texture details of color image contained in QTFM. Experimental results show that the mixed low-order moments method based on QTFM exhibits superior performance in terms of robustness. In the context of using mixed low-order moment features for image analysis, Franklin moments achieve higher average structural similarity (SSIM) values than other QTFMs.

The rapid development of media technology and media environment provides rich resources and convenient ways to shape the image of the city. Short video has become an important help to shape the image of the city and build the city brand. How to use short video to shape the image of the city is the key link of urban construction. This study focuses on six primary variables for analyzing city image short videos: unexpected events, emotional resonance, scene transition, elemental amplification, element interaction, and screen style. These variables were selected based on their demonstrated impact on short video engagement and dissemination efficiency. In order to realize comprehensive analysis of short video content, This study collected 20,668 video screenshots from the Douyin platform as data samples. Data collection spanned July 2019 to December 2019, and analysis was conducted using the Python programming language with the Pandas and Matplotlib libraries for data processing and visualization. To reveal the relationship between video content features and popularity by quantitative and visual methods, and to provide reference for optimizing urban brand promotion strategies. (1) The microcube model shows strong flexibility and applicability in short video content analysis, and can help reveal the complex relationship between short video content characteristics and communication effect. (2) Unexpected events and emotional resonance are key factors in the attractiveness and communication effect of short videos. Reasonable design of scene switching and element interaction significantly enhances the visual impact of short videos.

The kidney is an important organ for maintaining normal metabolism and stabilising the internal environment, in which, the heterogeneity of cell types has hindered the progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying kidney disease. In recent years the application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in nephrology has developed rapidly. In this review, we summarized the technical platform related to scRNA-seq and the role of this technology in investigating the onset and development of kidney diseases, starting from several common kidney diseases (mainly including lupus nephritis, renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy and acute kidney injury), and provide a reference for the application of scRNA-seq in the study of kidney disease diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Conflicts of interest (COI) disclosure policies are critical to enhancing the integrity of research. However, it is unclear how Chinese medical journals interpret and enforce such policies. The goal of this investigation is to determine the current status of COI disclosure policy enforcement in Chinese medical journals and to promote comprehensive COI policies. In this cross-sectional study conducted from September 1st to October 29th 2017, journal instructions, websites and print issues of journals indexed by the Core Journals of China (version 2014), in the medical and health sector, were reviewed to identify whether COI disclosure policies existed and how complete these policies were. Of 248 eligible journals, 78 (31%) mentioned COI policies; 9 (4%) applied standardized disclosure forms; 18 (7%) required disclosure statements in articles; 4 (2%) mentioned policy bases; none validated disclosed COIs; 2 (1%) mentioned how they dealt with breaches; 18 (7%) involved the management of disclosed COIs; and 62 (25%) and 55 (22%) noted financial and nonfinancial COIs, respectively. Seventy-eight journals (31%) mentioned COIs in research and authors' obligation towards disclosure; 2 (1%) and 6 (2%) mentioned family members' and institutional COIs, respectively. Twenty-two and 11 journals mentioned at least one form of financial and nonfinancial COI type in research, respectively. Seven journals (3%) required disclosure of the source of financial support in research, but no journals mentioned the amount of support. Seven (3%) and 12 (5%) journals mentioned COIs in the editorial process and peer-review, respectively. Clinical journals (45%) paid more attention to COI policies than non-clinical journals. Approximately one-third of Chinese medical journals had COI policies, and of the journals that mentioned financial COIs most required nonfinancial COIs. However, the extent to which journals implemented COI policies was insufficient. There is a generic lack of standardized disclosure forms and management of COIs in most journals. The subject and details of COIs involved in the editorial and peer-review process received less attention than those in research.

Transition metal dichalcogenide moiré bilayers with spatially periodic potentials have emerged as a highly tunable platform for studying both electronic1–6 and excitonic4,7–13 phenomena. The power of these systems lies in the combination of strong Coulomb interactions with the capability of controlling the charge number in a moiré potential trap. Electronically, exotic charge orders at both integer and fractional fillings have been discovered2,5. However, the impact of charging effects on excitons trapped in moiré potentials is poorly understood. Here, we report the observation of moiré trions and their doping-dependent photoluminescence polarization in H-stacked MoSe2/WSe2 heterobilayers. We find that as moiré traps are filled with either electrons or holes, new sets of interlayer exciton photoluminescence peaks with narrow linewidths emerge about 7 meV below the energy of the neutral moiré excitons. Circularly polarized photoluminescence reveals switching from co-circular to cross-circular polarizations as moiré excitons go from being negatively charged and neutral to positively charged. This switching results from the competition between valley-flip and spin-flip energy relaxation pathways of photo-excited electrons during interlayer trion formation. Our results offer a starting point for engineering both bosonic and fermionic many-body effects based on moiré excitons14.Moiré trions are observed in electrostatically gated WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayers, where photoluminescence polarization switching reveals a competition between valley-flip and spin-flip relaxation pathways of photo-excited carriers during trion formation.

Bamboo is a sustainable material that supports carbon sequestration and helps address the imbalance of timber supply vs. demand. Drying is a crucial step in bamboo processing, in the course of which shrinkage and stress accumulation can lead to defects such as cracking and deformation. Understanding stress and strain development during drying is critical for improving bamboo processing. This review paper explores bamboo’s gradient structure and moisture migration characteristics, focusing on the mechanisms behind shrinkage strain formation and the sources of stress. It reviews literature on bamboo drying and cellular structural changes, evaluating the evolution of stress and strain testing methods, from traditional sectioning techniques to advanced methods such as digital imaging and acoustic emission. The paper also summarizes progress in stress-strain research at both macroscopic and cellular scales. Current challenges include species-specific shrinkage variations, limitations in measurement techniques, and insufficient research on shrinkage above the fiber saturation point. To address these issues, the study recommends developing universal theoretical models, employing advanced detection technologies, comparing shrinkage patterns between bamboo culms and nodes, exploring drying stress composition, and adopting multi-scale research approaches. These strategies aim to enhance the quality of bamboo processing and promote higher-value applications within the industry.

Excitons are elementary optical excitation in semiconductors. The ability to manipulate and transport these quasiparticles would enable excitonic circuits and devices for quantum photonic technologies. Recently, interlayer excitons in 2D semiconductors have emerged as a promising candidate for engineering excitonic devices due to their long lifetime, large exciton binding energy, and gate tunability. However, the charge-neutral nature of the excitons leads to weak response to the in-plane electric field and thus inhibits transport beyond the diffusion length. Here, we demonstrate the directional transport of interlayer excitons in bilayer WSe 2 driven by the propagating potential traps induced by surface acoustic waves (SAW). We show that at 100 K, the SAW-driven excitonic transport is activated above a threshold acoustic power and reaches 20 μm, a distance at least ten times longer than the diffusion length and only limited by the device size. Temperature-dependent measurement reveals the transition from the diffusion-limited regime at low temperature to the acoustic field-driven regime at elevated temperature. Our work shows that acoustic waves are an effective, contact-free means to control exciton dynamics and transport, promising for realizing 2D materials-based excitonic devices such as exciton transistors, switches, and transducers up to room temperature. Excitons in 2D semiconductors suffer from a weak response to in-plane electric fields, inhibiting their transport beyond the diffusion length. Here, the authors demonstrate the directional, long-range transport of interlayer excitons in bilayer WSe 2 driven by the propagating potential traps induced by surface acoustic waves.

Background The sinus tract has been demonstrated to be a factor affecting the efficacy of periprosthetic joint infection. Reinfection after prosthesis removal and antibiotic bone cement spacer implantation is one of the reasons for the failure of two-stage arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors predicting the reinfection in periprosthetic joint infection with sinus tracts following prosthesis removal and antibiotic bone cement spacer implantation. Methods Clinical data of 35 periprosthetic joint infection patients with sinus tract from February 2003 to December 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up was discontinued either (1) when patients developed reinfection before completing the second stage of the two-stage revision or (2) when patients were free of infection 2-years postoperatively, regardless of whether they had completed the two-stage revision. The sinus tract is defined as an abnormal channel with evidence of communication to the joint or visualization of the prosthesis. Postoperative reinfection was defined as meeting the diagnostic criteria for periprosthetic joint infection, including requiring hospitalization for intravenous antibiotics or surgeries to prevent infection. The Multifactor Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the risk factors. Results Of the 35 patients, 14 (40.0%) of periprosthetic joint infection patients with one or more sinus tracts developed reinfection after removal of prostheses and implantation of antibiotic bone cement spacers. Multivariate analysis showed that age ( p  = 0.044), C-reactive protein ( p  = 0.023) and uric acid ( p  = 0.025) were independent risk factors. Conclusion We found the following factors associated with reinfection in periprosthetic joint infection with sinus tracts following prosthesis removal and antibiotic bone cement spacer implantation: age, C-reactive protein and uric acid.