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"الأحماض الأمينية"
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Effect of Soybean and Wheat Germ as a Source of Branched Chain Amino Acids on Chronic Liver Disease of Rats
The liver is a vital organ that plays a key role in the detoxification of body endogenous and exogenous substances. These substances can cause hepatic injury. Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), valine (Val), leucine (Leu) and isoleucine (Ile). Protein of soybean and wheat germ characterized much quantity of BCAAs. This study included chemical analysis and amino acids contents in soybean and wheat germ, ). Results indicated that rats feds on different formulas which contained soybean 5% and wheat germ 5% and its mixtures were gradually significant decrease in serum Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) ( from 30.20 to 35.80%), Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) (from 52.50 to 61.06%) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (from 9.90 to 22.03%) compared to positive group
Journal Article
Potential Biological Effects of Gum Arabic on Kidney Disorders Induced by Arginine in Rats
Several decades ago, hude studies reported that recent pharmacological therapy is costly and associated with multiple side effects resulting in patient non-compliance. Therefore, there is a great need to search for alternative therapies particularly from natural sources as these are cost effective and possess minimal side effects. The present study will designe to explore the biological effects of gum arabic (GA) on kidney disorders induced by arginine in rats. Also, the addition of GA to low protein diet (LPD), one of an important kidney disorders treatment, in a trial to add some positive biological effects to the kidney patients will be in the scope of this study. The obtained data revealed that The mean value of uric acid and creatinine of the negative control group fed on basal diet was 1.73 and 0,80 mg.dl-1, while uric acid and creatinine of group fed on BD containing 2% arginine (Control +ve) was 2.91 and 1.79 mg.dl-1, respectively. The rate of increasing in uric acid and creatinine as the result of kidney disorders induction was 68.28 and 124.15%. Additional of groups fed on GA and low protein diet (LPD) containing 2% arginine and led to decrease uric acid and creatinine by different rates. Co-treatment group fed on GA and LPD exhibited synergistic effect and recorded the highest decreasing rate in uric acid and creatinine (-19.99 and -21.15%, respectively). Also, the same behavior was recorded for serum mineral content (Na and K) and malondialdehyde content (MDA), the biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. In conclusion, we recommended to pay more attention in the future to carry out more research in the area of GA and extended its applications in human diets, industrial and medical applications such kidney diseases patients instead of the drugs/chemicals used which have induced healthy hazards, side effects and high coast for the human being.
Journal Article
Effect of some Sulfur Amino Acids and Orexin in Lowering Beta-Amyloid for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease in Obese Rats
The present study was designed to investigate the Comparison of therapeutic effect between, some sulphur amino acids and drugs Oroxin on β amyloid-induced Alzheimer's in obese rats.Twenty of female rats of Sprague Dawley (weighting 200±10 g) were divided into two main groups Group (1) negative control (-ve) (5 rats). Fifteen rats were fed on the high fat diet and administered aluminum chloride for 6 weeks to induce obesity and Alzheimer and reclassified to three groups (5rats each). Group (2) positive control group (+ ve) Group (3) treated with methionine and cysteine (4.5 g/100 g protein) group (4) treated with orexin drug (OxA) (20 mg/kg b.w.t). The study period was set for ten weeks (six weeks to injury of obesity &Alzheimer's and four weeks for treatment).The results revealed that there was a significant decrease in body weight gain, weight gain percent and FER among all rats group which treated with sulpher amino acids and orexin, in comparing with positive control group. Moreover, The treatment rat groups showed significant decrease in body weight gain, food intake, Food efficiency ratio (FER):, Body mass index (BMI), serum ALT, AST, ALP, Creatinin Uric Acid Urea,cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLc),very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc), total lipids (T. Lipids), phospholipids, brain levels of malondialdehyde (MDA),B-amyloid and serum aluminum chlorid but showed significant increase in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), brain catalase (CAT), glutathione-S- transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to positive control group. The biochemical analyzes agreed with the histological examination of brain tissue It can be recommendation that the consumption sulphur amino acids could lowering of body weight gain and improvement of biochemical parameters and brain degenerative histopathological changes as the orexin drug
Journal Article
Production and Evaluation of High Branched-Chain Amino Acids \BCAAs\ Pasta for Liver Cirrhosis Patients
This study aims to produce and evaluate high branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) pasta as a functional food that contributes to reducing liver cirrhosis. The chemical composition of the raw materials, physicochemical and sensory properties of the pasta samples, were studied. The best pasta sample was selected based on sensory evaluation. The results indicated that the highest protein content was obtained from soy protein isolate (SPI) (88.04%), followed skimmed milk powder (SMP) (36.18%), compared to 28.80%, 35.34%, 21.54% recorded by legume seeds (lentils, lupine, and chickpeas, respectively).
Journal Article
Effect of Consuming Foods Rich in Branched-Chain Amino Acids \BCAAs\ on Liver Cirrhosis in Rats Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride \CCl4\
The current study aims to investigate the effective role of plant proteins rich in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) such as soy protein isolate, lentils, chickpeas, and lupins in the preparation of three food products (bread, pasta, and burgers) and compare them with standard BCAA-rich dietary supplements in treating rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver cirrhosis. The chemical composition results showed a high protein content in the burger sample, followed by pasta and bread, with values of 75.05, 53.08, and 27.85g/100g of sample weight, respectively. The burger also recorded the highest BCAA value (15.23g/100g), followed by pasta (10.34g/100g), and bread (5.297g/100g). Biochemical results showed significant improvement in the groups of rats treated with BCAA-rich foods (T30, T20, T10) compared to the groups treated with the BCAA-rich dietary supplement (S30, S20, S10),
Journal Article
Ffects of foliar application of aminoplasmal, boron Zinc and their interactions on fruit set and yield characteristics of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cv. Halaby
This study was performed at a private orchard in the Ekmale area of Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, during the seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the effects of foliar sprays of three concentrations of aminoplasmal (0, 100, 200 ml.L−1), three concentrations of boron (0, 200, 300 mg. L−1) and three concentrations of zinc (0, 400, 600 mg. L−1) on fruit set and yield characteristics of 14-years old \"Halaby\" pistachio. The factorial experiment within randomized complete block design was used. Foliar spraying of studied elements was applied at twice during growing seasons. The results showed that fruit set percentage, yield, and yield characteristics were significantly affected by foliar application of aminoplasmal, Boron and Zinc each alone. In combination, the triple interactions among 200ml.L-1 aminoplasmal plus 300mg.L-1 boron and 600mg.L-1 zinc was the most affected one which surpassed significantly on the control treatment and other treatments at both seasons. This data also display that primary fruit set% and final fruit set% in 2016 were higher than that of 2017, but yield, carbohydrate % and fat % were greater in the 2017 than they were in the 2016. In general, in this study, it was discovered that treatments with aminoplasmal, boron and zinc significantly increased yield of pistachio.
Journal Article
Effect of some amino acids on tillering and yield of three bread wheat cultivars
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of some amino acids on tillering and grain yield of bread wheat cultivars. A field experiment was carried out at the agricultural experiment station, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad during the two winter seasons, 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. Randomized Complete Block Design within split plots arrangement was used in three replicates. The experiment included two factors, the first (main plots) was the wheat cultivars (IPA 99, Buhooth 22, and Abu-Graib3) and the second (sub-plots) was foliar application three amino acids (L-Tryptophan, L-Glycine, and L-Lysine) with concentrations 50 and 100 mg L-1 and the amino acid L-Cystine at 100 and 150 mg L-1 and control treatment. The treatments of foliar application were applied during two growth stages, the first was when the main stem had three leaves (ZGS: 13) and the second was when the plant entered the flowering stage (ZGS: 60). Results showed the significant superiority of Buhooth 22 in most growth traits, which produced the highest number of tillers.m-2 (556.30 and 568.15 tillers m-2), number of spikes (476.74 and 494.19 spikes m-2), weight of 1000 grains (31.09 and 32.43 g), and grain yield (5.39 and 5.15 Mg ha-1) for the two seasons respectively. The treatment of foliar application L-Tryptophan at 50 mg L-1 was significantly superior in most traits of yield components which produced the highest values of the number of tillers (616.89 and 627.78 tillers m-2), number of spikes (477.00 and 944.67 spikes m-2), weight of 1000 grains (32.01 and 33.55g), and grain yield (5.77 and 5.33Mg ha-1) in the two seasons, respectively. The response of wheat cultivar growth and yield to amino acids differed significantly.
Journal Article