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A study was conducted to assess the impact of dried green and yellow bananas, as well as dried onion and ready-made onion powder, on diabetic rats. Sixty adult male rats were divided into 10 groups, with one group being a control group. The diabetic rats were fed a basal diet supplemented with different percentages of dried green and yellow banana, dried onion, and ready-made onion powder for eight weeks. The results showed that the supplementation led to a significant reduction in glucose levels, improved kidney function, and better lipid profile compared to the control group. Dried green or yellow bananas were found to be more effective in lowering glucose levels and increasing insulin concentrations than onions. This suggests that these fruits and onion products could be suitable for diabetic patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can be defined as clinical syndrome or disturbance of carbohydrates metabolism characterized by hyperglycemia ,so diabetes is immunes dependent disease in which the changed patterns of expression of cytokine, anti-inflammatory factors as interleukin-10 play an essential role in many infections. As well as, IL-10 has important main inhibitory cytokine against the work of inflammatory cytokines, as interleukin 12. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the serum level of interleukin 10 and biochemical tests in Iraqi diabetic patients and controls [fasting blood sugar (FBS);urea; creatinine; triglyceride (T.G); total cholesterol; low density lipoprotein (LDL) ; high density lipoprotein (HDL); as well as very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Interleukin 10 (IL10) serum level was measure by ELISA kit for both groups. This study was conducted from January-April 2018 in Specialist Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes in Baghdad government and correlates between IL10 concentration and biochemical tests in diabetic Iraqi patients. Results of current study showed a high incidence of both diabetes types ( I&II) of in the age group 2 ( 41-60) years old as (NO.= 13, 11) and percentage as (17.3, 14.7) %respectively, so, female(NO= 18 ,14) and percentage as (20.0, 18.7) %respectively had a higher prevalence of diabetes than male[12.0 ,12.0) and high incidence of diabetes in female[20.0, 18.7] % more than male. Additionally, this study showed that creatinine; urea; F.B.S levels were higher (26.7;4.0,28.0]% in diabetic type I than diabetic type II as (20,0,24.0]% and compare to control as [17.3, 14.7 and 0)%.and increased levels of lipid profile as ( Total Cholesterol; triglyceride T.G ; LDL ; HDL ; and VLDL ) in diabetic type I as (10 ; 16 ; 12 ;1 ; 20) % than in diabetic type II; as well as; IL-10 serum level was abnormal with creatinine levels in 35 patients as percentage 46.7%; also IL-10 serum level was abnormal with fasting blood sugar for 39 patients as percentage 52.0%; whilst only 3 patients as 4.0% with abnormal urea levels as well as IL-10 level was abnormal with levels lipid profile as ( Triglyceride T.G ; Total Cholesterol; LDL , HDL and VLDL)as ( 1.3; 25.3; 38.7 ; 26.7 and 22.7) % respectively. Based on these facts, it may be concluded that abnormal serum levels of IL-10 with biochemical tests can be considered as risk factors of diabetes.

على الرغم من أن كرة القدم هي الرياضة الأكثر شعبية في مصر، إلا أن معظم اللاعبين لا يعرفون متطلباتهم الغذائية المطلوبة. زاد الاهتمام بمعدل الأيض واستهلاك الطاقة بشكل كبير لدى لاعبي كرة القدم. وبالتالي، تلعب التغذية دورا مهما في تحسين الأداء وجودة الحياة لهؤلاء اللاعبين. الهدف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم الحالة التغذوية لـ ٥٠ لاعبا كرة قدم تتراوح أعمارهم بين ١٥ و١٩ سنة بأندية الإسماعيلي والقناة والكهرباء والسكة الحديد بمحافظة الإسماعيلية. تم تقييم المدخول الغذائي لمدة 7 أيام باستخدام أدوات التقييم الغذائي (استرجاع ٢٤ ساعة). تم استخدام هذه البيانات لتحديد الطاقة والمغذيات الكبيرة والمغذيات الدقيقة والألياف. تم قياس الوزن والطول ومؤشر كتلة الجسم. نتائج: أظهرت النتائج أن لاعبي كرة القدم لديهم كمية عالية من الطاقة والمغذيات الكبيرة. تراوحت كمية البروتين المتناولة بين 15 و25%، والدهون 25 و۳۰%، والكربوهيدرات ما بين ٦٠ و٦٥% من الطاقة اليومية، وأظهرت أن تناولهم أقل من فيتامين د والكالسيوم والزنك. الخلاصة: يحتاج لاعبو كرة القدم إلى تصحيح عاداتهم الغذائية باستخدام التثقيف الغذائي الجماعي، وهذا من شأنه تحسين صحتهم وأدائهم.

Obesity is a problem of energy balance that is primarily regarded as a lipid metabolism disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intermittent fasting and matcha powder at different levels on obese male albino rats. Fifty male white albino rats were divided into 10 groups. Each group had five rats; male intermittent fasting was done and matcha powder powdered blends were given to the main diet; One was kept as a control group, while the other nine were fed a high-fat (20% fat in the form of animal fat) to produce obese rats. Obesity occurred after 21 days, and samples were tested for biochemical markers 28 days after the experiment was finished, glucose, lipid, liver and kidney functions, were determined. The effect of intermittent fasting and matcha powder on obesity. The study found that intermittent fasting and matcha powder significantly improve health and treat obesity. The group8 (intermittent fasting for 24 hours followed by a 24 hour diner and matcha (5%) had the highest treatment of lipid profile, but the best group of serum glucose, liver and kidney functions, (intermittent fasting for 24 hours followed by a 1-hour diner and matcha 5%).This study found that intermittent fasting and matcha powder could be a promising treatment for obesity.

Background: Inborn errors of metabolism are single gene disorders resulting from the defects in the biochemical pathways of the body. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), prevalence of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) globally is in the vicinity of 3-5%. The findings of this study can contribute to the existing knowledge on inborn errors of metabolism and provide valuable insights. Objective: Assessing the level of awareness about inborn errors of metabolism among the general population in Makkah city. additionally, Determining the prevalence of people in Makkah city who are educated about inborn errors of metabolism. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed using convenience sampling to members of the general population (220 adults) in Makkah city. The questionnaire included 20 questions, comprised of both multiple-choice and dichotomous questions to evaluate the participants' general awareness and knowledge of inborn errors of metabolism. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Conclusion: The study determined whether there was a need to enhance awareness levels regarding inborn errors of metabolism among the adult population in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

This study, conducted in 2024 at Misrata Medical Center, aimed to investigate the impact of parity on insulin sensitivity using the HOMA-IR analysis. The research included 102 participants, with ages ranging from 18 to 50 years. They were divided into two groups: a control group of 46 nulliparous women (women with no deliveries) and a patient group of 56 multiparous women (women with more than three deliveries). A significant positive correlation was identified between parity and HOMA-IR (r = 0.489**, p <0.01), indicating that higher parity is associated with increased insulin resistance. Nulliparous women exhibited the lowest HOMA index values, while multiparous women, particularly those with five or more deliveries, showed the highest values. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in insulin resistance among parity groups, emphasizing the need for further studies to explore underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.