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"الشعر الأمريكي"
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المالينشه : مختارات مترجمة من شعر أميركا اللاتينية
تحت عنوان “لعنة المالينشه : مختارات مترجمة من شعر أميركا اللاتينية”، صدرت عن دار “خطوط وظلال” (2021) . العنوان من اختيار المترجمة الفلسطينية المقيمة في نيكاراغوا (غدير أبي سنينة)، وهو اسم امرأة من سكان المكسيك الأصليين، عملت مترجمة لدى الإسبان، غزاة المكسيك ومدمري آخر حضاراتها المعروفة باسم حضارة الأزتيك، فاعتبرها كثيرون من شعبها خائنة، وأصبحت لعنة بالنسبة إليهم، لاقتران اسمها–كما تقول المترجمة–بحب الغرباء والانبهار بهم. ومع ذلك، تذهب المترجمة إلى أن “بعضهم يعتبرها أم الأمة المكسيكية”، إثر إنجابها لطفلة ينظر إليها كبذرة الاختلاط بين العرقين، الإسباني والأهلي. من هنا يأتي اعتقاد غدير أبي سنينة بأن ترجمتها لهذه المختارات لعنة أصابتها هي أيضا، يصعب التخلص منها. يبدو أن هذا الربط بين الترجمة والخيانة مصدره تلك المقولة الذائعة بأن “الترجمة خيانة” على وجه الإطلاق. ولكن هذه المالينشه–واللقب إسباني–لا تختصر فعل الترجمة، ولا غاياته التي هي في هذه الحالة خدمة للمستعمرين الإسبان. فالترجمة أسمى من ذلك بكثير ؛ إنها فعل مقاوم ومحرر في الماضي والحاضر، وإن كان لها، مثل أي ظاهرة إنسانية، وجهها المعتم حين تصبح أداة بيد الغزاة الهمج، كما كان حال غزاة المكسيك، الأسبان.
Book
Removing the Slash
One of the basic issues in ecocritical studies is the relationship between man and nature. It may be seen as a bidirectional discourse: man-in-nature and nature-in-man. The former that considers man just an element of the natural world makes way for several novel apprehensions of this world and the potentials it may provide for man's ontological beliefs about this long-manipulated part of human existence. One such apprehension is the magic realism view of nature as envisaged by German art historian and critic Franz Roh (1890-1965). Roh's original form of magic realism has paved the way for re-valuating the perspectives to cultural, artistic and literary criticism, for its essence is looking at things anew. The characteristics provided by Roh for the magic realism text well apply to the poetic production of American poet Mary Oliver (1935- 2019) who could open her readers' eyes to the magic elements in the natural world. For five decades, Oliver, the winner of several renowned prizes such as the Pulitzer Prize (1984) and the National Book Award (1992), could highlight the benefits of being in-nature through the achievement of a form of oneness with it. This study is an attempt to explore Oliver's adoption of Roh's concept of magic realism which may change man's attitude to the natural world from one of subjugation to a form of respect and preservation. To reach her goal, she could manipulate three strategies: reversal of categories, indistinction, and defocalization.
Journal Article
Towards an Environmental Justice
Linda Hogan is a Chickasaw poet who wrote various volumes of poetry that reflect her love for Chickasaw's history, land, and oral traditions. She also wrote about the environment and the natural world. Although she is a well-known environmentalist, scholars have not investigated her environmental vision and its connection to native traditions and the ecosystem, specifically in her collection of poetry Dark. Sweet: New & Selected Poems (2014). This study aims to answer the following questions: What is the environmental perspective of Linda Hogan in her collection of poetry Dark. Sweet: New & Selected Poems (2014)? How does she present environmental justice in her poetry? How does she connect her environmental vision to her tribal heritage? The study also deals with Hogan's holistic representation of the human experience in the natural world. Through the application of the ecocritical approach, the study reveals the poet's depiction of past injustices of colonization and its lingering ecological effects on humans and the ecosystem. Additionally, it examines Native American storytelling and traditional healing practices and how they can form the balance between human, ecological and spiritual system. The study adopted a qualitative method that involves a thematic analysis of the poet's work. The findings show that Hogan communicates her tribal ecological vision through her strategy of ecoresistance. They also reveal that humans and the ecosystem were the discounted casualties of European colonization. For Native Americans, to decolonize themselves and the land, they must strive for environmental justice along with seeking the right for self determination. The researcher recommends conducting a study that identifies the influence of Hogan's Anglo culture on her environmental poetic writings by considering that she is of mixed-blood heritage.
Journal Article
لحظات تتمسك بها قبل أن تصبح اللحظة مجرد ذكرى عابرة
في خضم حياتنا المملوءة بالضجيج والفوضى، ثمة لحظات علينا أن نتمسك بها، لحظات حب ولحظات انكسار، لحظات أمل ولحظات يأس، لحظات لقاء ولحظات فراق. نلتمس السعادة في بعضها، ونتعلم دروسا من بعضها الآخر، لذلك، تمسك بالحب الذي يغدو لك وطنا، إليه تعبر، ونعمة تستحق أن تشكر. وكي تنعم بالحب، مد يدك عونا، مد بساط قلبك ودا، مد لهم الحبل إلى عالمك مدا. ولتعلم، أن ليس الهدف من الحياة أن تستكشفها من بعيد، بل أن تعيش تجاربها بحذافيرها، لحظات تلو لحظات.\"لحظات تتمسك بها\" أول مجموعة أدبية للمؤلفة موللي بورفورد، تعبر فيها عن جميع جوانب الحالة الإنسانية، منها كيفية الحب وعيش حياة كاملة تحتضن تلك اللحظات المهمة.
Book
The Poetics and Politics of Affect and Access in Selected Poetry by Julia Alvarez
Taking threads of affect theory as a speculative backdrop, this study is to demonstrate how Julia Alvarez's poems reflect the politics of affect and access in Latino-American context. Hinging on Baruch Spinoza's view that melancholy and happiness are the two major affects out of which other positive and negative ones, including fear, pain, shame and pride, spring out, and advocating the view of the Australian British thinker, Sara Ahmed on the politics of affects in general and happiness in particular, the study is to show how Alvarez's poetry conveys the wavering affects the Dominican American migrant experiences in the attempt to gain social, linguistic, professional and literary access to the mainstream white community. To achieve its objectives, the study is to be divided into two parts: the first part is to present an overview of the lexicographic, epistemic rooting of the concept of \"affect\" and introduce the reader to Spinoza and Ahmed's views on positive and negative affects with particular focus on happiness and melancholy, and the second part is to read selected poems by Alvarez in light of the speculative background illustrated. In addition to enriching the increasingly growing affect theory scholarship, the importance of the study lies in foregrounding the virtuosity of Alvarez' poetic vision, which, in contrast to her prose, has not received its due critical attention.
Journal Article
Derridean Hauntology in Selected Poetry of Maya Angelou and Lucille Clifton
This paper deals with aspects of Derridean hauntology in the poetry of May Angelou and Lucille Clifton, two prominent, albeit understudied, African American women poets. Starting with an overview of Jacque Derrida's postulations disclosed in his book Specters of Marx, the study is then to situate his theory in selected poetry by the two poets afore- mentioned with the attempt of showing how it helps delve deeper into the nuances of African American consciousness. The paper argues that given the intensive studies on specters, legacies and memories, what distinguishes Derrida's theory is its tripartite link to temporality, existentialist being and hegemony. With Derrida asserting that specters control the present and the future and determine being and becoming besides governing the quest for hegemony, Derridean hauntology not only unsettles the taken-for-granted notions of temporality but also disrupts the conventional concepts of existentialist being and power. Bringing the three-aspected hauntology to Angelou and Clifton's poetry helps shed light on the role of textuality and the author in the struggle over hegemony and in the attempt to reconcile the conflicting poles of being in the case of black American subjects. To achieve its objectives, the study is to follow an expository analytic approach wedding theory to practice and foregrounding the poetic devices that help hammer forth the Derridean perspective.
Journal Article
50 قصيدة من الشعر الأمريكي المعاصر
(50 قصيدة من الشعر الأمريكي المعاصر)، من 37 شاعر بارز من شعراء منتصف القرن العشرين يجده الجامع عمل قيم للمكتبة العربية في باب أعمال الترجمة. بانتقائية اعتمدا على الوقت المعاصر للمترجم حين عمله على الكتاب (1939-1961) ترجم أهم الأعمال لأهم الشعراء ترجمة حاول فيها أن تكون \"قريبة من الأصل الإنجليزي\" وأن \"تعطي القارئ العربي ما شاء الشاعر الأصلي أن يعطي قارئه\". تجربة قراءة هذا الكتاب تفح بابا على تراجم شعراء مهمين من التراث الأمريكي إضافة إلى اطلاع على معاني وتشبيهات ومواضيع الشعر الأمريكي في تلك الفترة. ولأن الترجمة أقرب إلى الأصل فقد فقدت موسيقاها الأصلية مما يضطر المهتم في الشعر كتجربة متكاملة من العودة إلى القصائد بلغتها الأصلية.
Book
Emily Dickinson's Carnivalesque Poetry
Emily Dickinson grew up surrounded by Jeremiah's oratory and her church, a product of the first and second so-called Great Awakenings that occurred in Britain and the United States in the 18th Century. Dickinson employs comed and humor in her poetry, which she views as a safe setting for her as a 19th-century poetess to express her anguish and to find answers to her doubts. I use Bakhtin's theory of the carnival to analyze the poems and explore significant characteristics of the carnival that apply to Emily Dickinson's poems.
Journal Article