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Applied linguistics is considered a multidisciplinary science due to its close connection with language and its levels of use, with a strong research focus that summarizes the functional dimensions of language to solve various related problems by finding practical and beneficial solutions that work to develop language and its understanding in various fields and areas of knowledge, particularly the field of teaching and learning Arabic, which relies on dynamic techniques that overcome all the difficulties that hinder the achievement of educational objectives.

应用学对研究者作为语言学最丰富的分科之一。它涉及到较多语言学的类型。其实按照阿拉伯语和汉语的不同体系，阿语对中国学生比较难以理解。最近，本人看《新编阿拉伯语》，这本书被译成阿拉伯文的，它内容有很丰富的知识、有解释的阿文语法规则、多练习，并包括许多例子、都有助于外国学生们学好阿语。按照学生学级表明阿语教学的方法及有如何学习阿语的重要指点，增强学生学习阿语的能力。 这本书的编著者在阿语教学的方法做出巨大的贡献，但是，研究时，发现有一点儿重叠偏误需要指出；特别汉译阿例子，所以本人决定对这些偏误进行分析，比较并加改正。导致外国学生更理解阿语体系；尤其是语法规则与中文的有差异。相同中国教授在写作、翻译课对发生语言错误的埃及学生进行纠正。 这肯定更丰富语言教育的过程、深化学习交流。

The progressing society requires a development in Applied Linguistics areas to study language changes. The advent of the 21st century has accompanied globalization in scientific, technical, and economic activities on an international scale, which has magnified the role of English language in international communications. The present paper is assigned to trace back the development of Business Linguistics as a new area within Applied Linguistics for studying the language of business. It defines Business Linguistics with reference to its role and benefit in the marketplace.

Die Studie zielte darauf ab, die Wirksamkeit einer vorgeschlagenen Strategie zu überprüfen, die auf der Theorie der semantischen Felder basiert, um die Fahigkeit zur Kurzgeschichtenproduktion auf Deutsch bei den DaF-Lehramtsstudierenden zu Der Fokus lag auf der Nutzung semantischer Relationen zwischen Wdrtern innerhalb verschiedener Wortfelder, um die Studierenden beim Ausbau ihres Wortschatzes, der Strukturierung ihrer Gedanken und dem prazisen, koharenten Ausdruck von Inhalten in Kurzgeschichten zu unterstützen. Die Stichprobe bestand aus 65 DaF-Lehramtsstudierenden des ersten Studienjahres an der padagogischen Fakultat der Ain-Shams-Universitat. Die Studie folgte einem quasi-experimentellen Design mit einer Ein-Gruppe-Pra-Post-Messung. Die Intervention erstreckte sich über einen Zeitraum von acht Wochen im zweiten Semester des akademischen Jahres 2024/2025. Zur Erreichung der Studienziele erstellte die Forscherin eine Liste geeigneter Teilkompetenzen im Bereich Verfassen von Kurzgeschichten für die Zielgruppe sowie einen Test zur Überprüfung dieser Kompetenzen. Der Test wurde vor und nach der Durchführung der Strategie angewendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigten einen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied zugunsten der Post-Test-Ergebnisse, was auf die Effektivitat der vorgeschlagenen Strategie hinweist. Auf Grundlage dieser Ergebnisse empfiehlt die Studie, die Theorie der semantischen Felder in den Schreibunterricht innerhalb der Ausbildung von DaF- Lehramtsstudierenden zu integrieren, insbesondere durch gezielte Trainingsaktivitaten zur Forderung kreativer Schreibfahigkeiten.

L'objectif de cet article est d'interroger la place du projet pédagogique dans le processus d'enseignement apprentissage comme activité de référence de la perspective actionnelle (PA), et de découvrir cette « homologie » (Puren 2010 :7) entre l'agir d'apprentissage et l'agir d'usage. Plus précisément, notre étude vise à comprendre la contribution du projet à la construction d'apprenants-citoyens à leur vie professionnelle, en les faisant « agir avec » comme véritables acteurs sociaux dans le temps et l'espace de leur apprentissage à travers les tâches/actions consignées, en créant tous ensemble des conceptions et des ressemblances. Les élèves sont effectivement invités à mettre à contribution leurs «cultures d'apprentissage» et leurs ressources langagières et culturelles qui sont en fait à la disposition de chacun d'eux au profit du groupe-classe lors de la réalisation de ces différentes activités langagières. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à une analyse de type actionnel du discours du manuel.

The relevance of corpus linguistics in language teaching and learning has witnessed challenging views in academia. This paper discusses the feasibility of its implementation as an educational, pedagogic, and academic requirement in language education. The claim made here is that corpus linguistics is not merely a globalisation trend, but it may prove an indispensable tool encompassing countless applications for learners, teachers, and resarchers alike even in less technology based educational contexts.

In this study, we analysed the use of sequence discourse markers (SDMs) in learners' oral pro-duction of English as a foreign language (EFL), focusing specifically on Saudi university students. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency and type of SDMs these learners used, as well as their effectiveness in conveying coherent and cohesive speech. The study follows the Sys-temic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework, which focuses on how learners make meaning in different contexts and emphasizes the interrelationship of grammar, semantics, and discourse in LY. We used a case study approach and collected data through audio recordings of two speaking tasks (oral presentations) that served as pre- and posttests to assess the value of intervening aware-ness-raising regarding SDM use. Sixty female Saudi university students participated in the study. We transcribed and analysed the recordings to identify the frequency and type of SDMs used by the learners, with the aim of evaluating how effectively they used SDMs to signal relationships between ideas and to construct coherent and cohesive discourse in learners' oral production. The findings revealed that the EFL Saudi learners in this study used a limited range of SDMs in the pretest, such as 'firstly', 'secondly', and 'finally', but a greater range in the posttest after in-creasing their awareness of the correct use of SDMs and their importance in producing coherent discourse. Overall, this study highlights the importance of incorporating SDMs instruction into EFL speaking classes and emphasises the need for learners to acquire a diverse range of SDMs to enhance their oral communication skills as there is limited research which specifically focused on the use of SDMs in the Saudi context particularly in the oral production of English.

Corrective feedback is a complex method with several functions. It has a very significant role in the realm of second language learning. The teachers' styles (ways of learning), and the students' perceptions are very important factors that should be considered in studying the effectiveness of CF. Forty students (20 females and 20males) from all stages in the Department of English, college of Arts, University of Kufa have been subjected to the questionnaire of CF. Answers of the questionnaire reflect that whom the students prefer to be corrected by, when to be corrected, which errors they prefer to be corrected, and which types of CF they prefer to be followed by their teachers during correction. Data have been analyzed by using a Microsoft Excel program. The test shows the frequency among all statements. The percentages are taken according to the gender and stage of each student. As a result, the research shows that most of the students want their errors to be corrected by their teachers; they also believe that grammatical errors must be corrected, and they wish all their errors to be corrected. None of the students finds CF a negative method, but most of them strongly agree that it can improve their accuracy. Nearly all the students choose metalinguistic clues as the best type of CF; this can give them clear rules to be followed.

English is considered as the most used language in today's world. The present paper comes to shed light on language in the English society. In every society, there are factors that determine language use. The determinants of language use are the factors that determine acceptable linguistic forms in a given society. The paper first makes a comparison between Chomsky's competence and performance, and Saussure's terms langue and parole. It then shows how English is employed in many fields. English is the most popular on the internet. It is also regarded as the top business and science language. Since it is widely taught in many countries all over the world, English turns out to be the best means for making communication easier when travelling internationally. The idea of making English as an official language becomes the main issue of national debates in many countries. English in some nations where there are several spoken languages is seen as a politically neutral language. Therefore, the current paper comes to show the importance of using English as an official language in multilingual communities and its impact on nation building.

يستكشف هذا البحث نظرية اللغويات التوليدية وتطبيقاتها في تعليم اللغة العربية، وتقدم النظرية إطارا لفهم كيفية تشكيل الجمل في اللغة العربية، وركز البحث على كيفية تطبيق هذه النظرية في تعليم القواعد اللغوية وتركيب الجملة، وسعى البحث إلى تحديد فوائد هذه النظرية في تحسين فهم الطلاب للغة العربية. وتشير النتائج إلى أن تطبيق نظرية اللغويات التوليدية في تعليم اللغة العربية يؤدي إلى تحسين فهم الطلاب للقواعد اللغوية، ويعزز مهاراتهم اللغوية، ويزيد من تفاعلهم في الفصول الدراسية.