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目的探讨综合防治措施在大剂量阿糖胞苷巩固治疗小儿白血病过程中对不良反应预防及治疗作用。方法将2010年1月-2013年12月在河南科技大学第一附属医院新区医院接受以阿糖胞苷为主的综合用药治疗的30例小儿白血病患者分为2组,A组给予综合防治措施对治疗过程中的不良反应进行预防和治疗,B组给予常规的治疗措施。对比其不良反应发生情况,分析综合防治措施在不良反应预防及治疗中的作用。结果 A组15例患者共进行治疗50次,B组15例患者共进行治疗46次,在巩固治疗中出现的主要不良反应为药物热以及皮疹、神经系统毒性、消化系统毒副作用、骨髓抑制等,其中综合防治组神经系统毒性、消化系统毒副作用、药物热、皮疹及感染等不良反应的发生率均明显低于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义;综合防治组骨髓抑制的发生率与常规治疗组无明显差异,但骨髓抑制分级明显低于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义。结论综合防治措施应用于大剂量阿糖胞苷巩固治疗小儿白血病能够有效降低治疗过程中皮疹、药物热、神经系统毒性、消化系统毒副作用、感染等不良反应的发生率,降低骨髓抑制的严重程度,保证患儿安全地完成综合治疗。

背景与目的 中医药治疗非小细胞肺癌是否有效在中医肿瘤界已基本达到共识.本研究拟评价以中医药作为局部晚期和转移性晚期非小细胞肺癌的巩固性治疗之可行性.方法 162例晚期非小细胞肺癌被分成两组(开放性非随机性对照研究),观察组81例,在完成常规治疗后应用中医药作为巩固性治疗;对照组81例,不用中医药作为巩固性治疗.中医药治疗主要根据辨证论治,观察组病例分为肺脾气虚型、肺热痰阻型、肺胃阴虚型和气滞血瘀型4种类型.结果 观察组的1、2、3及5年生存率分别为70.3%、37.0%、20.9%及8.6%,中位生存期为18个月;对照组的1、2、3及5年生存率分别为61.7%、20.9%、8.6%及3.7%,中位生存期为12个月.经统计学处理,观察组的2及3年生存率明显地优于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组的中位生存期比对照组延长了6个月.结论 以中医药作为晚期非小细胞肺癌的巩固性治疗可能与患者2及3年生存率和中位生存期的改善密切相关,但未能明显提高5年生存率.

臺灣作為一個新興民主國家，20多年的民主化受到舉世的稱許，但也產生了如Shelley Rigger所言的諸多重大難解問題。面對這些持續惡化卻又束手無策的難題，國人對民主還有信心嗎？還相信臺灣適合實施民主政治嗎？臺灣會不會像近世紀幾波民主化國家，出現威權統治回潮的現象？這是本論文所最為關心的主題，從而透過政黨不忠誠概念導引出本論文的研究議題。在研究操作上，本論文透過專家學者焦點座談，篩選出這20多年來國民兩黨所主導與論文主題有關的33件重大事件。然後選擇菁英作為詢問的對象，立意選樣40位藍綠陣營各半的知名意見領袖，徵詢他們的看法。研究結果顯示，情況並沒有那麼悲觀，這些意見領袖對臺灣的民主仍具有信心，僅有41.9%評估次數認為有嚴重程度不一的忠誠問題，58.1%認為沒有不忠誠問題或與忠誠無關。若進一步進行政黨比較，國民黨所主導的事件在正當性上負面評價略高於民進黨，其餘的合憲性、共利性及安全性差異則未達顯著水準。如果分層次來看，在政治共同體層次及政府體制層次，民進黨所主導的事件受到較大的批評；國民黨則在統治權威角色上，受到較大的非議。在政策層次的對外政策上，國民黨在安全性上受到較大的質疑，民進黨則在合憲性上較國民黨為低，在共利性上國民兩黨都受到相當大的責難。在政策層次的大陸政策上，受訪菁英對國民兩黨的作為都給予高度的肯定，不過民進黨比國民黨受到更大的好評。

The unique characteristic of the Fourth Merger Wave plays a significant role in hostile mergers. Firms that become targets of a hostile bid need to resist actively their raiders. For these targeted firms, seeking a friendly bidder or a white knight is an alternative approach to hostile acquirer attacks. However, it is uncertain if this move corresponds to the “shareholder interest hypothesis”or the“management entrenchment hypothesis.”This paper examines these two competing hypotheses by analyzing data gathered from 323 global events of successful hostile takeovers covering the period 1980-2007, the focus of which is on the utilization of white knights against hostile takeovers. The collected sample is divided into three case groups: successful white knights, successful hostile bidders competing with white knights, and successful hostile bidders without white knights. Results show that the managerial entrenchment hypothesis is more appropriate compared with the shareholder interest hypothesis. From a conceptua

Background Trauma- and stress-related disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are more common in females than in males. Sex hormones affect learning and emotional memory formation and may be associated with the development of PTSD. Most previous studies have indexed these hormones in isolation. Objectives: To investigate associations of sex hormones and cortisol during memory consolidation on the development of intrusive memories. Methods: We employed an experimental trauma film paradigm in 61 healthy women and indexed salivary testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, and cortisol on day one and day two post experimental trauma exposure and their effects on intrusion frequency, distress, and vividness. Intrusive trauma memories were indexed by means of a diary in which participants documented intrusion frequency, distress, and vividness. Results and conclusion: Participants reported an average of 5.3 intrusions over the course of seven days (SD = 4.6, range 0-26). Progesterone, and estradiol indexed on day one predicted intrusion frequency, with higher progesterone and lower estradiol predicting more intrusive memories (p-values AUC progesterone 0.01 and estradiol 0.02). There was no evidence for associations between hormone concentration indices on day two and intrusion outcomes. Further research on the roles of gonadal and adrenal hormones in trauma memory formation is needed to advance our efforts to understand their influence on PTSD development. We examined effects of sex hormones and cortisol post-experimental trauma on intrusive memories. Progesterone and estradiol indexed on day one were associated with intrusion frequency. No significant association between hormones on day two and intrusive memory outcomes emerged